Bio 101 Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers
Eukaryotes - ANSWER mostly multicellular, organelles, true
nucleus, DNA&RNA. (Animals,
Plants, Fungi)
Prokaryotes - ANSWER First to evolve, Unicellular,
no organelles, no true nucleus. (Bacteria)
CO2 comes from - ANSWER eating food
Bacteria - ANSWER domain: most diverse and
widespread prokaryotes
Archaebacteria - ANSWER domain: Old bacteria,
extreme environments
Eukarya - ANSWER domain: anything not a
bacteria, eukaryotes, muticellular
Animalia - ANSWER kingdom: animals, humans,
muticellular, consumers
Plantae - ANSWER kingdon: producers, plants,
muticellular
Protista - ANSWER kingdom: single celled,
microscopic, makes it own food,
,Which four elements are the primary components of important
biological molecules, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates? -
ANSWER nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What are the major characteristics of Life? - ANSWER 1)
reproduction (DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid); double helix
shape; stores genetic info)
2) energy processing (used to creat energy) (metabolism; need it
to perform basic functions of
life; food (carbs, proteins, lipids/fats,
vitamins/minerals)
3) adaptation/evolve (over large periods of times
traits of organizations)
modified
4) growth and development (DNA lays out the "plan")
5) organization (very specific; organization of organs/structure)
6) Regulation (organisms control their internal environment within
limits that sustain life (exhibit homeostasis),
7) respond (response to stimuli (light, touch, heat, etc.); need in
order to survive)
Control in a experiment - ANSWER - must always
have a contro l
- does not have variables
- does not change; will not be affected
Scientific theory - ANSWER - not just an explanation for
something
- has been developed/tested/scrutinized/challenged/ reviewed,
etc.
- generally accepted by whole scientific community
,- ie: theory of gravity, atomic theory of matter
PH - ANSWER - measures acids and bases
- scale from 0-14
-acids ( H+ ions): range from 0-6/7
-neutral : 7
- basic (OH- ions) 7/8-14
- most of what we eat or drink is acidic; household cleaners, etc.
are most likely basic
- plants tend to use basic compunds as a means of
defense against predators
Scientific Method - ANSWER 1) Make an
Observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a Hypothesis ("if, then" statement)
- accept (agree with conclusions)
- reject (disagree, continue testing)
4) Exeperimental Design/ testing
5) Form a conclusion
Plant Cell - ANSWER - cell wall (only in plants; nonliving layer;
structure)
- central valcuole (fills entire center of cell; fluid; stockpiles
proteins and ions; stores wastes and defensive compounds)
- nucleus ("brain"; directs production of compounds in cell)
- cytoplasm ("liquid", holds all the organelles in place)
- cell membrane (regulates what goes in and out;
protection/barrier; structure- keeps everything in)
, Animal Cells - ANSWER - plasma (cell membrane)
- nucleus
-cytoplasm
Organism to molecule - ANSWER organisms- cells-
molecules-atoms
- molecules are atoms joined together by some
chemical bond
atoms - ANSWER - fundamental building blocks of life
- made up of protons, electrons, neutrons
- carbon is most important
- building block of life
- 4 elements make up almost everything (carbon, oxygen,
nitrogen, hydrogen)
- covalent bond (single); four make up most common form with
carbon and hydrogen
- macromolecule: biological molecules that are large
- made up of C, O, H, N strung together
- 4 macromolecules in our body: (carbs, proteins, lipids/ fats,
nucleic acids)
- "organic"- term for type of chemical dealing with carbon
Compounds - ANSWER - consists of 2 or more molecules
- not a polymer
- ie: table salt
- "organic" compounds: chemically broken down to yield energy
for metabolism
organic compounds - ANSWER - carbs (polymer)
Eukaryotes - ANSWER mostly multicellular, organelles, true
nucleus, DNA&RNA. (Animals,
Plants, Fungi)
Prokaryotes - ANSWER First to evolve, Unicellular,
no organelles, no true nucleus. (Bacteria)
CO2 comes from - ANSWER eating food
Bacteria - ANSWER domain: most diverse and
widespread prokaryotes
Archaebacteria - ANSWER domain: Old bacteria,
extreme environments
Eukarya - ANSWER domain: anything not a
bacteria, eukaryotes, muticellular
Animalia - ANSWER kingdom: animals, humans,
muticellular, consumers
Plantae - ANSWER kingdon: producers, plants,
muticellular
Protista - ANSWER kingdom: single celled,
microscopic, makes it own food,
,Which four elements are the primary components of important
biological molecules, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates? -
ANSWER nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What are the major characteristics of Life? - ANSWER 1)
reproduction (DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid); double helix
shape; stores genetic info)
2) energy processing (used to creat energy) (metabolism; need it
to perform basic functions of
life; food (carbs, proteins, lipids/fats,
vitamins/minerals)
3) adaptation/evolve (over large periods of times
traits of organizations)
modified
4) growth and development (DNA lays out the "plan")
5) organization (very specific; organization of organs/structure)
6) Regulation (organisms control their internal environment within
limits that sustain life (exhibit homeostasis),
7) respond (response to stimuli (light, touch, heat, etc.); need in
order to survive)
Control in a experiment - ANSWER - must always
have a contro l
- does not have variables
- does not change; will not be affected
Scientific theory - ANSWER - not just an explanation for
something
- has been developed/tested/scrutinized/challenged/ reviewed,
etc.
- generally accepted by whole scientific community
,- ie: theory of gravity, atomic theory of matter
PH - ANSWER - measures acids and bases
- scale from 0-14
-acids ( H+ ions): range from 0-6/7
-neutral : 7
- basic (OH- ions) 7/8-14
- most of what we eat or drink is acidic; household cleaners, etc.
are most likely basic
- plants tend to use basic compunds as a means of
defense against predators
Scientific Method - ANSWER 1) Make an
Observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a Hypothesis ("if, then" statement)
- accept (agree with conclusions)
- reject (disagree, continue testing)
4) Exeperimental Design/ testing
5) Form a conclusion
Plant Cell - ANSWER - cell wall (only in plants; nonliving layer;
structure)
- central valcuole (fills entire center of cell; fluid; stockpiles
proteins and ions; stores wastes and defensive compounds)
- nucleus ("brain"; directs production of compounds in cell)
- cytoplasm ("liquid", holds all the organelles in place)
- cell membrane (regulates what goes in and out;
protection/barrier; structure- keeps everything in)
, Animal Cells - ANSWER - plasma (cell membrane)
- nucleus
-cytoplasm
Organism to molecule - ANSWER organisms- cells-
molecules-atoms
- molecules are atoms joined together by some
chemical bond
atoms - ANSWER - fundamental building blocks of life
- made up of protons, electrons, neutrons
- carbon is most important
- building block of life
- 4 elements make up almost everything (carbon, oxygen,
nitrogen, hydrogen)
- covalent bond (single); four make up most common form with
carbon and hydrogen
- macromolecule: biological molecules that are large
- made up of C, O, H, N strung together
- 4 macromolecules in our body: (carbs, proteins, lipids/ fats,
nucleic acids)
- "organic"- term for type of chemical dealing with carbon
Compounds - ANSWER - consists of 2 or more molecules
- not a polymer
- ie: table salt
- "organic" compounds: chemically broken down to yield energy
for metabolism
organic compounds - ANSWER - carbs (polymer)
