AQA A Level Chemistry 2022 - Paper 3
A large difference between experimental and calculated lattice enthalpy values are due to... - relatively
large degrees of covalent bonding.
positive ions can be said to polarise negative ions, if they cause distortion of the charge cloud. They can
pull electrons to one side of the ion.
As temperature rises what happens to the rate constant? - As temperature rises, the rate constant gets
larger, so the rate is faster
As the activation energy rises what happens to the rate constant? - As the activation energy rises, the
rate constant gets smaller (so the rate is slower).
assumptions of the ionic model - -completely ionically bonded
-perfectly spherical
-of even charge distribution
Autocatalysis - a reaction in which a product is the catalyst.
bidentate - When a ligand can form two co-ordinate bonds in a complex ion.
Chelate effect - the ability of multidentate ligands to form more stable metal complexes than those
formed by similar monodentate ligands
Classic elements which are not transition metals despite being D-Block elements - Scandium and Zinc
co-ordination number - The number of co-ordinate bonds formed to a central metal ion
complex ion - A transition metal ion bonded to one or more ligands by coordinate bonds
, Conditions for entropy - 1atm pressure
298K
Cu 2+ (aq) - blue solution
cu 2+ with carbonate - green-blue carbonate
Cu 2+ with NaOH - Blue precipitate
Cu2+ with ammonia - deeper blue
Denticity - the number of dative bonds that can be formed with a transition metal by one ligand
electrophile - electron pair acceptor
endothermic reaction graph (entropy) - negative gradient (delta G vs T)
enthalpy of solution formula - lattice enthalpy dissociation + enthalpy of hydration
exothermic reaction graph (entropy) - positive gradient (delta G vs T)
Factors affecting entropy - Temperature
Physical state
number of moles
factors affecting shape of ligand - -central metal ion present
-ligands
A large difference between experimental and calculated lattice enthalpy values are due to... - relatively
large degrees of covalent bonding.
positive ions can be said to polarise negative ions, if they cause distortion of the charge cloud. They can
pull electrons to one side of the ion.
As temperature rises what happens to the rate constant? - As temperature rises, the rate constant gets
larger, so the rate is faster
As the activation energy rises what happens to the rate constant? - As the activation energy rises, the
rate constant gets smaller (so the rate is slower).
assumptions of the ionic model - -completely ionically bonded
-perfectly spherical
-of even charge distribution
Autocatalysis - a reaction in which a product is the catalyst.
bidentate - When a ligand can form two co-ordinate bonds in a complex ion.
Chelate effect - the ability of multidentate ligands to form more stable metal complexes than those
formed by similar monodentate ligands
Classic elements which are not transition metals despite being D-Block elements - Scandium and Zinc
co-ordination number - The number of co-ordinate bonds formed to a central metal ion
complex ion - A transition metal ion bonded to one or more ligands by coordinate bonds
, Conditions for entropy - 1atm pressure
298K
Cu 2+ (aq) - blue solution
cu 2+ with carbonate - green-blue carbonate
Cu 2+ with NaOH - Blue precipitate
Cu2+ with ammonia - deeper blue
Denticity - the number of dative bonds that can be formed with a transition metal by one ligand
electrophile - electron pair acceptor
endothermic reaction graph (entropy) - negative gradient (delta G vs T)
enthalpy of solution formula - lattice enthalpy dissociation + enthalpy of hydration
exothermic reaction graph (entropy) - positive gradient (delta G vs T)
Factors affecting entropy - Temperature
Physical state
number of moles
factors affecting shape of ligand - -central metal ion present
-ligands
