Health and Social Care
Definition of a stroke ✔✔✔When the blood supply is cut off/interrupted to the brain
Stroke diagnostics [3] ✔✔✔MRI scan
CT scan
Swallowing screening
Stroke advice [5] ✔✔✔Having a healthy diet
To reduce cholesterol levels
Exercise
Stopping smoking
Cutting down on alcohol
Stroke symptoms [8] ✔✔✔Drooped face/eyes
Unable to lift arms
Slurred speech
Sudden headache with neck stiffness
Loss of/blurred vision
Unable to talk
Paralysis of one side of the body
Problems with coordination and balance
Stroke causes [5] ✔✔✔Blood clot forms in main artery of the brain
And therefore stops the flow of blood to the brain
Blood clot/air bubble/fat globule forms in a blood vessel and is carried to the brain
Blood vessels burst inside the brain
Blood vessel on the surface to the brain bleeds into the area between the brain and skull
Stroke treatment [8] ✔✔✔Clot busting medicine
Aspirin- prevents clotting
ACE inhibitors- lowers blood pressure
,Anticoagulants (warfarin)- reduce blood clotting
Statins- reduce blood cholesterol level
Carotid endarterectomy surgery (CES)- surgery to open up carotid artery to remove fatty
deposits
Craniotomy- surgery to remove blood from brain
Being put on a ventilator
Stroke PCP [13] ✔✔✔A&E
MRI
Treatment (examples)
See a neurologist/specialist stroke nurse
Asses lifestyle choices
Given advice
Rehabilitation
See the OT
See the physio
Ongoing monitoring by GP of blood pressure and cholesterol
Informed choices
Dignity maintained
Patient at centre of care
Stroke P of PIESF [6] ✔✔✔Daily tasks become difficult
Visual impairment
Stiff muscles
Loss of speech
Fatigue
Paralysis
Stroke I of PIESF [6] ✔✔✔Memory loss
Only have a STM
Find it hard to understand
And process new things
,Hard to learn new things
Short concentration
Stroke E of PIESF [4] ✔✔✔Depression
Frustration
Embarrassment
Helplessness
Stroke S of PIESF [5] ✔✔✔Lack of a social life
Strain on relationships
Strain on friendships
Difficult to communicate
Socially isolated
Stroke F of PIESF [6] ✔✔✔May have to pay for physio
Pay for stroke rehabilitation group
Hire a carer
Reliant on benefits
Lose job
May have to move/adapt living arrangements
Breast cancer symptoms [6] ✔✔✔Blood/discharge from nipple
Sudden inverted nipple
Rash/crusting on/around nipple
Unusual change in breast size
Sore breasts
Lump in armpit/breast
Breast cancer causes [12] ✔✔✔Being tall
Not having children
Increase in age
Exposure to radiation
Being overweight
, Family history
Genetic mutations
Smoking (wasn't in mark scheme for last year)
Previously having breast cancer
Breast density
Exposure to oestrogen
Excessive alcohol
Breast cancer diagnostics [8] ✔✔✔Mammogram
Blood test
Breast exam
Breast biopsy
Genetic testing
Ultrasound
MRI
CT scan
Non invasive breast cancer [4] ✔✔✔Found in the ducts of the breast
Has not developed the ability to spread outside of the breast
This form is rarely shown as a lump in the breast
Usually found on a mammogram
Invasive breast cancer [2] ✔✔✔Has the ability to spread outside of the breast
Its most common form develops in the cells that line the breast ducts
Breast cancer advice [5] ✔✔✔Lose weight
By changing diet
Stop smoking
Stop drinking
Stop taking pills which contains oestrogen
Breast cancer treatments [6] ✔✔✔(Treatment depends on stage and grade of cancer, general
health, age and whether the patient has been through menopause)
Definition of a stroke ✔✔✔When the blood supply is cut off/interrupted to the brain
Stroke diagnostics [3] ✔✔✔MRI scan
CT scan
Swallowing screening
Stroke advice [5] ✔✔✔Having a healthy diet
To reduce cholesterol levels
Exercise
Stopping smoking
Cutting down on alcohol
Stroke symptoms [8] ✔✔✔Drooped face/eyes
Unable to lift arms
Slurred speech
Sudden headache with neck stiffness
Loss of/blurred vision
Unable to talk
Paralysis of one side of the body
Problems with coordination and balance
Stroke causes [5] ✔✔✔Blood clot forms in main artery of the brain
And therefore stops the flow of blood to the brain
Blood clot/air bubble/fat globule forms in a blood vessel and is carried to the brain
Blood vessels burst inside the brain
Blood vessel on the surface to the brain bleeds into the area between the brain and skull
Stroke treatment [8] ✔✔✔Clot busting medicine
Aspirin- prevents clotting
ACE inhibitors- lowers blood pressure
,Anticoagulants (warfarin)- reduce blood clotting
Statins- reduce blood cholesterol level
Carotid endarterectomy surgery (CES)- surgery to open up carotid artery to remove fatty
deposits
Craniotomy- surgery to remove blood from brain
Being put on a ventilator
Stroke PCP [13] ✔✔✔A&E
MRI
Treatment (examples)
See a neurologist/specialist stroke nurse
Asses lifestyle choices
Given advice
Rehabilitation
See the OT
See the physio
Ongoing monitoring by GP of blood pressure and cholesterol
Informed choices
Dignity maintained
Patient at centre of care
Stroke P of PIESF [6] ✔✔✔Daily tasks become difficult
Visual impairment
Stiff muscles
Loss of speech
Fatigue
Paralysis
Stroke I of PIESF [6] ✔✔✔Memory loss
Only have a STM
Find it hard to understand
And process new things
,Hard to learn new things
Short concentration
Stroke E of PIESF [4] ✔✔✔Depression
Frustration
Embarrassment
Helplessness
Stroke S of PIESF [5] ✔✔✔Lack of a social life
Strain on relationships
Strain on friendships
Difficult to communicate
Socially isolated
Stroke F of PIESF [6] ✔✔✔May have to pay for physio
Pay for stroke rehabilitation group
Hire a carer
Reliant on benefits
Lose job
May have to move/adapt living arrangements
Breast cancer symptoms [6] ✔✔✔Blood/discharge from nipple
Sudden inverted nipple
Rash/crusting on/around nipple
Unusual change in breast size
Sore breasts
Lump in armpit/breast
Breast cancer causes [12] ✔✔✔Being tall
Not having children
Increase in age
Exposure to radiation
Being overweight
, Family history
Genetic mutations
Smoking (wasn't in mark scheme for last year)
Previously having breast cancer
Breast density
Exposure to oestrogen
Excessive alcohol
Breast cancer diagnostics [8] ✔✔✔Mammogram
Blood test
Breast exam
Breast biopsy
Genetic testing
Ultrasound
MRI
CT scan
Non invasive breast cancer [4] ✔✔✔Found in the ducts of the breast
Has not developed the ability to spread outside of the breast
This form is rarely shown as a lump in the breast
Usually found on a mammogram
Invasive breast cancer [2] ✔✔✔Has the ability to spread outside of the breast
Its most common form develops in the cells that line the breast ducts
Breast cancer advice [5] ✔✔✔Lose weight
By changing diet
Stop smoking
Stop drinking
Stop taking pills which contains oestrogen
Breast cancer treatments [6] ✔✔✔(Treatment depends on stage and grade of cancer, general
health, age and whether the patient has been through menopause)
