BIOL 1P92 FINAL Exam Test Questions With Answers Verified 100% Correct| LATEST UPDATE

BIOL 1P92 FINAL Exam Test Questions With Answers Verified 100% Correct| LATEST UPDATE In the haploid life cycle, gametes are produced by ____, and the zygote is produced by ______ Mitosis, Meiosis sporic life cycle also known as "alternation of generations", produce two types of multicellular organisms: 1. a haploid gametophyte generation that produces gametes(sperm or eggs) 2.a diploid sporophyte generation that produces spores by the process of meiosis Advantage of sporic life cycle many haploid spores produced per zygote Gymnosperms - A plant that produces seeds that are exposed rather than seeds enclosed in fruits - "Naked seed plant" Angiosperms - A flowering plant which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary. - Double fertilization: 1 to form embryo and other fuses with different gametophyte tissue to form endosperm Pollination The transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures in plants, NO WATER, pollinator or wind Fertilization Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell homospory In seedless vascular plants, the production of just one spore + one gametophyte (spore is usually male and female) Heterospory produces both microspores (male gametophytes) & megaspores (female gametophytes) Sporangium A multicellular organ in fungi and plants in which meiosis occurs and haploid cells develop (Spores) sporopollenin A durable polymer that covers exposed zygotes of charophyte algae and forms the walls of plant spores, preventing them from drying out. Sequence of evolutionary events in plants Bryophyta - Seedless vascular plants - Naked seed plants - Flowering plants 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTIONS Plant effect of CO2 on environment - Remove CO2 from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, helped regulate CO2 in atmosphere over geological time scale 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTIONS Examples of plants that contribute to CO2 in environment - Non vascular land plants (Moss) - Vascular plants (Lycophyte) - Seed plants (Conifers) 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTIONS Endoderm Innermost layer, early development, forms lining of gut Ectoderm outermost layer, forms external covering and nervous system Mesoderm Between layer, forms muscle and body wall and most structures between gut and external covering Blastula - A hollow ball of cells that marks the end of the cleavage stage during early embryonic development in animals - cells divide rapidly and size of ball INC. - gives rise for the next stage Gastrula An embryonic stage in animal development encompassing the formation of three layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. determinate cleavage A type of embryonic development where the fate of each daughter cell is determined very early on and cannot be altered intermediate cleavage each cell produced by early cleavage divisions retains the capacity to develop into a complete embryo and its fate is not determined early on What is this an example of? In humans, the zygote undergoes several rounds of cell division, eventually forming a hollow ball of cells called a blastula. At this stage, the cells are already specified as either embryonic stem cells or trophoblast cells, which go on to form the placenta. Determinate cleavage Protostomes - mouth before anus - blastopore is mouth - nervous system on ventral side - brain surrounds opening of digestive tract Deuterostomes - anus before mouth - blastopore is anus - nervous system and brain are on dorsal side Acoelomate no body cavity Pseudocoelomate An animal whose body cavity is not completely lined by mesoderm Coelomate