BIOLOGY 93 UCI MIDTERM 1 Questions With 100%
Verified Answers
FRAP - ANSWER Fluorescent
Recovery
After
Photobleaching
Measures the fluidity of a membrane by shooting a laser that bleaches
fluorescent markers on the membrane and measures the time of
fluorescence
Diffusion coefficient - ANSWER Typically, a compound's diffusion
coefficient is ~10,000× as great in air as in water. Carbon dioxide in air
has a diffusion coefficient of 16 mm2/s, and in water its diffusion
coefficient is 0.0016 mm2/s. Diffusivity has an SI unit of m2/s (length2 /
time). A multiplier relating diffusion flux to the concentration gradient
Diffusion - ANSWER The movement of particles of any substance so that
they spread out in available space. In the absence of other forces, a
substance will diffuse from where it is more concentrated.ed to where it is
less concentrated.
Chemical Equilibrium - ANSWER the point in a reactions where the rate of
the forwards reaction = the rate of the reverse reactions = no net
production of products or reactants
Solution - ANSWER A that is a completely homogenous mixture of two or
more substances
Solvent - ANSWER the dissolving agent of the solution
Solute - ANSWER the subt
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Aqueous Solution - ANSWER a solution in which the solute is dissolved in
,water
Hydrophobic - ANSWER substances that are nonionic and non polar that
repel water
Hydrophilic - ANSWER a substance that has affinity for water due to
polarity or ionic charges
Hydrogen ion - ANSWER a hydrogen atom without an electron (or a
proton)
Hydroxide ion - ANSWER A negatively charged ion (OH-) made of oxygen
and hydrogen
Hydronium Ion - ANSWER the positive ion formed when a water molecule
gains a hydrogen ion
Acid - ANSWER Any compound that increases the
concentration of
hydronium ions when dissolved in water(a proton
donor)
Base - ANSWER A substance that decreases the
hydrogen ion
concentration in a solution (proton
acceptor).
pH scale - ANSWER A range of values used to express the
concentration
of hydrogen ions in a solution. pH = -
log[H+]
Buffer - ANSWER mixture that can react with an acid or a
base to
maintain the pH within a specific range. Prevents sharp changes
in pH.
, Functional Group - ANSWER chemical groups that are directly involved in
chemical reactions. Each group has its own properties such as shape and
charge.
Hydroxyl - ANSWER R-OH (polar, froms H bonds, helps
dissolve
compounds such as
sugars)
Carbonyl - ANSWER Ket(one)/Alde(hyde) if at end, C = O. Polar,
can
form hydrogen
bonds.
Carboxyl - ANSWER chemical group -COOH that can
donate its H
(therefore acidic and polar). Present in all amino
acids.
Amino - ANSWER NH2 acts as a base by accepting an H+ ions
(becomes
NH3+). Polar, and is present in all amino
acids.
Sulfhydryl - ANSWER functional group, SH can form cross links that help
stabilize protein structure.
Phosphate - ANSWER -H2PO3- contributes 2 hydrogen atoms making
the compound acidic. Leads to a conjugate base PO3^2-.
Methyl - ANSWER R-CH3. Non polar (hydrophobic), affects the
expression of genes when on DNA.
Polymer - ANSWER is a long molecule consisting of many similar or
identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds.
Monomer - ANSWER the representing units that serve as the building
Verified Answers
FRAP - ANSWER Fluorescent
Recovery
After
Photobleaching
Measures the fluidity of a membrane by shooting a laser that bleaches
fluorescent markers on the membrane and measures the time of
fluorescence
Diffusion coefficient - ANSWER Typically, a compound's diffusion
coefficient is ~10,000× as great in air as in water. Carbon dioxide in air
has a diffusion coefficient of 16 mm2/s, and in water its diffusion
coefficient is 0.0016 mm2/s. Diffusivity has an SI unit of m2/s (length2 /
time). A multiplier relating diffusion flux to the concentration gradient
Diffusion - ANSWER The movement of particles of any substance so that
they spread out in available space. In the absence of other forces, a
substance will diffuse from where it is more concentrated.ed to where it is
less concentrated.
Chemical Equilibrium - ANSWER the point in a reactions where the rate of
the forwards reaction = the rate of the reverse reactions = no net
production of products or reactants
Solution - ANSWER A that is a completely homogenous mixture of two or
more substances
Solvent - ANSWER the dissolving agent of the solution
Solute - ANSWER the subt
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Aqueous Solution - ANSWER a solution in which the solute is dissolved in
,water
Hydrophobic - ANSWER substances that are nonionic and non polar that
repel water
Hydrophilic - ANSWER a substance that has affinity for water due to
polarity or ionic charges
Hydrogen ion - ANSWER a hydrogen atom without an electron (or a
proton)
Hydroxide ion - ANSWER A negatively charged ion (OH-) made of oxygen
and hydrogen
Hydronium Ion - ANSWER the positive ion formed when a water molecule
gains a hydrogen ion
Acid - ANSWER Any compound that increases the
concentration of
hydronium ions when dissolved in water(a proton
donor)
Base - ANSWER A substance that decreases the
hydrogen ion
concentration in a solution (proton
acceptor).
pH scale - ANSWER A range of values used to express the
concentration
of hydrogen ions in a solution. pH = -
log[H+]
Buffer - ANSWER mixture that can react with an acid or a
base to
maintain the pH within a specific range. Prevents sharp changes
in pH.
, Functional Group - ANSWER chemical groups that are directly involved in
chemical reactions. Each group has its own properties such as shape and
charge.
Hydroxyl - ANSWER R-OH (polar, froms H bonds, helps
dissolve
compounds such as
sugars)
Carbonyl - ANSWER Ket(one)/Alde(hyde) if at end, C = O. Polar,
can
form hydrogen
bonds.
Carboxyl - ANSWER chemical group -COOH that can
donate its H
(therefore acidic and polar). Present in all amino
acids.
Amino - ANSWER NH2 acts as a base by accepting an H+ ions
(becomes
NH3+). Polar, and is present in all amino
acids.
Sulfhydryl - ANSWER functional group, SH can form cross links that help
stabilize protein structure.
Phosphate - ANSWER -H2PO3- contributes 2 hydrogen atoms making
the compound acidic. Leads to a conjugate base PO3^2-.
Methyl - ANSWER R-CH3. Non polar (hydrophobic), affects the
expression of genes when on DNA.
Polymer - ANSWER is a long molecule consisting of many similar or
identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds.
Monomer - ANSWER the representing units that serve as the building
