San Diego State University MIS 180
Principles of Information Systems Spring
Final Exam Guide.
Entity -
✔️also called a table, stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event
ex: A customer is an entity, as is a merchandise item
Attribute -
✔️the data elements associated with an entity
Ex: first name, last name, zip code, phone number = field
Stored Attribute -
✔️the actual attribute stored in the DBMS, used to derive other attributes
Derived Attribute -
✔️calculated using the value of another attribute
Ex: stored = DOB derived = current date - DOB (age)
Entity Relationship Diagram -
✔️shows the relationship of entity sets stored in a database
One to one (1:1) -
✔️the airport is in one town and the town only has one airport
One to many (1:M) -
✔️ex: one customer can make many orders, the order can contain many items
,Many to many (M:M): -
✔️ex: many customers can order the same item
Primary Key -
✔️a field that identifies a given records in a table, lets you retrieve every single piece of data put
into a database
ex: customer ID, redid
(No possible duplicates)
Foreign Key -
✔️a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a
logical relationship between the two files
Project -
✔️Project: a temporary activity a company undertakes to create a unique product, service or result
Scope -
✔️what the product will include, what problem is being solved, justifications, requirements, and
boundaries
Scope Creep -
✔️when scope grows without budget and schedule also growing
Milestones -
✔️points in time at which a task will be done
Task Sequencing -
✔️designing the tasks to leverage your team, and get the projects done as quickly as possible (PERT
chart, Gantt Chart)
, PERT chart -
✔️statistical tool used to analyze and represent tasks involved in completing a given project,
manages the dependencies and best sequencing of tasks, lays out the order/Inter-relationships of
tasks
Critical Path -
✔️the path that takes the leads amount of time to complete (minimum time). The critical path has
no slack
Slack Time -
✔️the difference between a project's latest and earliest finishing time. How much an activity can be
delayed beyond its earliest start date without causing problems in the completion of a project by its
due date.
3 ways Projects Fail -
✔️o Takes too long
o Costs too much
o Wrong scope functionality
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) -
✔️The overall process for developing information systems, from planning and analysis, through
implementation
Planning
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Maintenance
Waterfall -
✔️a sequence of phases in which the output of each phase is the input for the next (no longer
adequate in many cases because of the growing competitiveness and innovation)
Principles of Information Systems Spring
Final Exam Guide.
Entity -
✔️also called a table, stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event
ex: A customer is an entity, as is a merchandise item
Attribute -
✔️the data elements associated with an entity
Ex: first name, last name, zip code, phone number = field
Stored Attribute -
✔️the actual attribute stored in the DBMS, used to derive other attributes
Derived Attribute -
✔️calculated using the value of another attribute
Ex: stored = DOB derived = current date - DOB (age)
Entity Relationship Diagram -
✔️shows the relationship of entity sets stored in a database
One to one (1:1) -
✔️the airport is in one town and the town only has one airport
One to many (1:M) -
✔️ex: one customer can make many orders, the order can contain many items
,Many to many (M:M): -
✔️ex: many customers can order the same item
Primary Key -
✔️a field that identifies a given records in a table, lets you retrieve every single piece of data put
into a database
ex: customer ID, redid
(No possible duplicates)
Foreign Key -
✔️a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a
logical relationship between the two files
Project -
✔️Project: a temporary activity a company undertakes to create a unique product, service or result
Scope -
✔️what the product will include, what problem is being solved, justifications, requirements, and
boundaries
Scope Creep -
✔️when scope grows without budget and schedule also growing
Milestones -
✔️points in time at which a task will be done
Task Sequencing -
✔️designing the tasks to leverage your team, and get the projects done as quickly as possible (PERT
chart, Gantt Chart)
, PERT chart -
✔️statistical tool used to analyze and represent tasks involved in completing a given project,
manages the dependencies and best sequencing of tasks, lays out the order/Inter-relationships of
tasks
Critical Path -
✔️the path that takes the leads amount of time to complete (minimum time). The critical path has
no slack
Slack Time -
✔️the difference between a project's latest and earliest finishing time. How much an activity can be
delayed beyond its earliest start date without causing problems in the completion of a project by its
due date.
3 ways Projects Fail -
✔️o Takes too long
o Costs too much
o Wrong scope functionality
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) -
✔️The overall process for developing information systems, from planning and analysis, through
implementation
Planning
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Maintenance
Waterfall -
✔️a sequence of phases in which the output of each phase is the input for the next (no longer
adequate in many cases because of the growing competitiveness and innovation)
