Exam File with Accurate Q&A
Test mode - ✔✔Solicit feedback, about the prototypes created from the users
design for Manufacturing (DFM) - ✔✔The original design, the revised design and the final design
Product-flow characteristics - ✔✔Continuous process, assembly line, batch flow, job shop, project
continuous process - ✔✔-Highly standardized and automated
-flexibility limited
-high volumes of production
-common products
-low cost is the 'order winner'
-process industries (sugar, paper, oil, electricity, etc)
Assembly line - ✔✔-Linear sequence of operations (often paced)
-large capital investment, use of automation
-very efficient
-high-volume, standardized products
-discrete products (autos, appliances, computers, etc.)
Batch flow - ✔✔-production of batches or lots
-Batches flow as a unit from one work center to another
-process layout of work centers (by task)
-flow is jumbled and intermittent
-flexible labor and equipment (general purpose)
-low volume, variety of products
, -Many types of products (fruniture, boats)
Job Shop - ✔✔-Customized to customer order
-Production of small batches or lots
-Layout/flow similar to batch flow
-Flexible Labor and equipment (general purpose)
-Many different types of made-to-order products (plastic parts, machine components, sheet metal parts,
custom signarge, etc.)
Project - ✔✔-Production of customized single
-Labor and materials brought to site
-Planning, scheduling challenges
-Little automation, general purpose equipment
-Highly skilled and Flexible labor
-Unique, one of a kind products (bridges, building construction, large aircraft, etc.)
Throughput Ratio (TR) - ✔✔=[(Total processing time for the job) / (total time in operations)] x 100
-- number of flow units going through the process per unit of time (aka flow rate)
--- max rate is referred to as capacity
Approaches to order fulfillment - ✔✔Make-to-stock (MTS), Make-to-order (MTO), Assemble-to-order
(ATO), Engineer-to-order (ETO)
Make-to-stock (MTS) - ✔✔-Produce finished goods
-Customer buys from inventory
-Advantage: faster fulfillment of customer demand, lower cost, smooth production rate
-Disadvantage: inventory costs