Major Field Test. Business Study Set with A+
Graded End Term Exam
Employees perform only the tasks relevant to their specialized function
Jobs tend to be small, but they can be performed efficiently
Proposes that production can be increased by dividing labor on to similar tasks
Frederick Winslow Taylor - ✔✔Scientific Management 1911: Developed standard method for
performing each job
Selected workers with appropriate abilities for each job.
Trained workers in standard method.
Provided wage incentives to workers for increased output.
Did not acknowledge variance among workers.
Did not appreciate social context of work and higher needs of workers.
Max Weber - ✔✔Bureaucracy:
Focused on the organization as a whole
Organizations needed division of labor with clear
definitions of authority and responsibility.
,Positions organized in a hierarchy of authority.
Henri Favol - ✔✔Developed the 14 General Principles of Management
14 General Principles of Management - ✔✔Division of Labor, Authority, Discipline, Unity of Command,
Unity of Direction, Subordination of Individual Interests to the General Interest, Remuneration,
Centralization, Scalar Chain, Order, Equity, Stability of Tenure of Personnel, Initiative, and Esprit de
Corps
Division of Labor or Work (Management) - ✔✔When employees are specialized, output can increase
because they become increasingly skilled and efficient.
Authority (Management) - ✔✔Managers must have the authority to give orders, but they must also
keep in mind that with authority comes responsibility.
Discipline (Management) - ✔✔Discipline must be upheld in organizations, but methods for doing so can
vary.
Unity of Command (Management) - ✔✔Employees should have only one direct supervisor.
Unity of Direction (Management) - ✔✔Teams with the same objective should be working under the
direction of one manager, using one plan. This will ensure that action is properly coordinated.
Subordination of Individual Interests to the General Interest (Management) - ✔✔he interests of one
employee should not be allowed to become more important than those of the group. This includes
managers.
Remuneration (Management) - ✔✔Employee satisfaction depends on fair remuneration for everyone.
This includes financial and non-financial compensation.
Centralization (Management) - ✔✔Centralization - This principle refers to how close employees are to
the decision-making process. It is important to aim for an appropriate balance.
, Scalar Chain (Management) - ✔✔Employees should be aware of where they stand in the organization's
hierarchy, or chain of command.
Order (Management) - ✔✔The workplace facilities must be clean, tidy and safe for employees.
Everything should have its place.
Equity (Management) - ✔✔Managers should be fair to staff at all times, both maintaining discipline as
necessary and acting with kindness where appropriate.
Stability of Tenure of Personnel (Management) - ✔✔Managers should strive to minimize employee
turnover. Personnel planning should be a priority.
Initiative (Management) - ✔✔Employees should be given the necessary level of freedom to create and
carry out plans.
Esprit de Corps (Management) - ✔✔Organizations should strive to promote team spirit and unity.
Abraham Maslow - ✔✔Hierarchy of Needs:
Proposes that individuals have a hiearchy of needs that need to be fulfilled in order.
The hierarchy includes: physiological needs, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: - ✔✔Physiological needs, Safety, Belongingness, Esteem, and Self-
actualization
Douglas McGregor - ✔✔Proposed Theory X and Theory Y view of management.
Theory X of Management - ✔✔Employees dislike work and must be threatened with punishment.
Graded End Term Exam
Employees perform only the tasks relevant to their specialized function
Jobs tend to be small, but they can be performed efficiently
Proposes that production can be increased by dividing labor on to similar tasks
Frederick Winslow Taylor - ✔✔Scientific Management 1911: Developed standard method for
performing each job
Selected workers with appropriate abilities for each job.
Trained workers in standard method.
Provided wage incentives to workers for increased output.
Did not acknowledge variance among workers.
Did not appreciate social context of work and higher needs of workers.
Max Weber - ✔✔Bureaucracy:
Focused on the organization as a whole
Organizations needed division of labor with clear
definitions of authority and responsibility.
,Positions organized in a hierarchy of authority.
Henri Favol - ✔✔Developed the 14 General Principles of Management
14 General Principles of Management - ✔✔Division of Labor, Authority, Discipline, Unity of Command,
Unity of Direction, Subordination of Individual Interests to the General Interest, Remuneration,
Centralization, Scalar Chain, Order, Equity, Stability of Tenure of Personnel, Initiative, and Esprit de
Corps
Division of Labor or Work (Management) - ✔✔When employees are specialized, output can increase
because they become increasingly skilled and efficient.
Authority (Management) - ✔✔Managers must have the authority to give orders, but they must also
keep in mind that with authority comes responsibility.
Discipline (Management) - ✔✔Discipline must be upheld in organizations, but methods for doing so can
vary.
Unity of Command (Management) - ✔✔Employees should have only one direct supervisor.
Unity of Direction (Management) - ✔✔Teams with the same objective should be working under the
direction of one manager, using one plan. This will ensure that action is properly coordinated.
Subordination of Individual Interests to the General Interest (Management) - ✔✔he interests of one
employee should not be allowed to become more important than those of the group. This includes
managers.
Remuneration (Management) - ✔✔Employee satisfaction depends on fair remuneration for everyone.
This includes financial and non-financial compensation.
Centralization (Management) - ✔✔Centralization - This principle refers to how close employees are to
the decision-making process. It is important to aim for an appropriate balance.
, Scalar Chain (Management) - ✔✔Employees should be aware of where they stand in the organization's
hierarchy, or chain of command.
Order (Management) - ✔✔The workplace facilities must be clean, tidy and safe for employees.
Everything should have its place.
Equity (Management) - ✔✔Managers should be fair to staff at all times, both maintaining discipline as
necessary and acting with kindness where appropriate.
Stability of Tenure of Personnel (Management) - ✔✔Managers should strive to minimize employee
turnover. Personnel planning should be a priority.
Initiative (Management) - ✔✔Employees should be given the necessary level of freedom to create and
carry out plans.
Esprit de Corps (Management) - ✔✔Organizations should strive to promote team spirit and unity.
Abraham Maslow - ✔✔Hierarchy of Needs:
Proposes that individuals have a hiearchy of needs that need to be fulfilled in order.
The hierarchy includes: physiological needs, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: - ✔✔Physiological needs, Safety, Belongingness, Esteem, and Self-
actualization
Douglas McGregor - ✔✔Proposed Theory X and Theory Y view of management.
Theory X of Management - ✔✔Employees dislike work and must be threatened with punishment.
