WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM-with 100% verified solutions-

WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM-with
100% verified solutions


Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER- T cells produce
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cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
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Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER- Mutations in
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genes or chromosomal abnormalities
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How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER-
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Alterations of DNA
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Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
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ANSWER- (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
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Explain RAAS - ANSWER- Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
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1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
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> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
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vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water >
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Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
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DKA - ANSWER- increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
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How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER- retain H and excrete HCO3
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,Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWER-
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Potassium
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West Nile Virus - ANSWER- Transmitted through the bite of an infected
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mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
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Lyme disease - ANSWER- Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
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burgdorferi.
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Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER- a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child
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followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
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Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with
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Spina bifida
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Trousseau's sign - ANSWER- arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
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Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER- results from failure of neural tube to
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close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
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hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER- males k k k k k k k




Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER- ND-PAE, decreased brain
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function, FAS
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Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER- Connective- RA, Scleroderma,
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Lupus
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Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
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Describe Lupus - ANSWER- Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and
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butterfly rash
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Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER- It is an autoimmune disorder where
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antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles
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over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
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swallowing.
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dermatitis - ANSWER- inflammation of the skink k k k k k

,eczema - ANSWER- noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by
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redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
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decubitus ulcer - ANSWER- sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
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Fungal infections - ANSWER- superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue
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infections caused by exposure to spores
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may or may not be transmitted
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benign neoplasm - ANSWER- noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
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malignant neoplasm - ANSWER- uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular
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borders, spreads
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Osteoporosis - ANSWER- The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the
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bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
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osteomalacia - ANSWER- disease marked by softening of the bone caused byk k k k k k k k k k k k



calcium and vitamin D deficiency
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myoglobin - ANSWER- red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
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Bursa - ANSWER- fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a
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joint over another
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Rickets - ANSWER- a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
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Degenerative disk disease - ANSWER- A condition in which an intervertebral disk
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loses its normal structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or
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repeated injuries or aging
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Paget disease - ANSWER- Chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening
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and softening of bones, that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects the
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long bones of the legs, the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
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communiuted fracture - ANSWER- splintered into many pieces k k k k k k k




Three types of skin cancer - ANSWER- 1. Basal cell carcinoma
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, 2. Squamous cell carcinoma
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