VMED 5244 EVBM |Questions and Answers

VMED 5244 - EVBM Final
Review




1. How can you determine the mechanism of icterus (pre-hepatic, hepatic or post-hepatic)?:

Moderate or marked decrease in hematocrit? (usually regenera- tive)

+/- spherocytes

+/- auto-agglutination

+/- positive Coombs test

+/- hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria

= Pre-hepatic (hemolysis)


Normal or mild decrease in hematocrit? (usually non-regenerative)


- ALT/AST v. increased

- ALP/GGT increased

- Alb chol, gluc, urea decreased

= Hepatic


- ALT/AST increased

- ALP/GGT v. increased

- Cholesterol increased

- Alb, gluc, urea = WNL

= Post-hepatic



, VMED 5244 - EVBM Final
Review
2. What are potential prehepatic causes of hyperbilirubinemia in cats?: - My- coplasma spp

- Cytauxzoon felis

- FIP

- Babesia spp.

- FeLV

- FIV

- IMHA

- Neonatal isoerythrolysis

- Transfusion reaction

3. FeLV-associated diseases?: Hematologic disorders

• FeLV used to be the most common cause of non-regenerative anemia, not the case any more due to

decrease in overall FeLV prevalence.

• Pure red cell aplasia

• 10% of FeLV-associated anemias are regenerative

• Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia

• Co-infection with hemotropic mycoplasma

• Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia






, VMED 5244 - EVBM Final
Review




• Neutropenia

• Myelodysplasia


Immunosuppression and secondary infections


Neurological disease, stomatitis, etc.

4. Causes of hemotropic mycoplasmosis?: Mycoplasma haemofelis, "Candida- tus Mycoplasma

haemominutum," and "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis"

5. Primary MOT of hemotropic mycoplasmosis?: Uncertain. Biting or aggressive interactions are a

suspected mode

6. C/S of hemotropic mycoplasmosis?: Fever, lethargy, inappetence, weakness, pallor, and

dehydration.

7. Diagnosis of hemotropic mycoplasmosis?: PCR




8. C/S of Cytauxzoon felis?: •anorexia, lethargy or depressed mentation,

• elevation of the third eyelid,

• vocalization,


, VMED 5244 - EVBM Final
Review
• increased respiratory effort,

• icterus, pallor,

• lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly or hepatomegaly,

• sometimes seizures

9. Organ systems that can cause acute onset vomiting, anorexia, and lethar- gy?: - GI

- Pancreas

- Liver

- Other organ systems ("metabolic")

10.What is considered hypoglycemia?: BG < 60 -80 mg/dl

- Non-veterinary glucometers often under-estimate

11.How is the brain impacted by hypoglycemia?: • Glu enters the cells via diffusion

• NOT insulin-dependent

• “BG ’ “ ATP ’ neuronal death ’ cortex

12.C/S associated with hypoglycemia?: • Lethargy, weakness, blindness, ataxia, seizures, coma

• Severity related to chronicity