Louisiana landscape Horticulture state exam /
Questions With Correct Verified Answers / 2025
Edition !/ Rated A+
4 major plant parts include - ANSWER roots
stems
leaves
reproductive parts
4 functions of the root system include - ANSWER absorption
anchorage
conduction
storage
2 kind of root systems found in plants are - ANSWER fibrous root systems
and
taproot systems
Fibrous root system - ANSWER root system that consists of numerous multi-branched roots that
are slender; no one root is more prominent than the other.
Tap root system (more difficult to transplant) - ANSWER root system that consists of one main
root that grows directly downward from which branch roots arise;
carrot or a woody root (oak,maple)
What should you do if a plant becomes root bound within their containers? - ANSWER Spread
the roots out or prune them to encourage the root system to grow outward
,3 primary functions of the stems are - ANSWER Support
conduction
storage
Conduction - ANSWER the movement of water, mineral solutions, and substances manufactured
in the plant.
xylem - ANSWER water and mineral solution move upward from the roots to the leaves through
inner tissues called
phloem - ANSWER manufactured food from the leaves move out of the leaves through outer
stem tissues called
What 2 tissues form the vascular system of the plant? - ANSWER xylem and phloem
Cambium layer - ANSWER The tissue between the xylem and phloem is called the
____________. Plant function growth depends on uninterrupted conduction.
Monocotyledonous Plants (single leaf monocots) - ANSWER The xylem and phloem tissues are
formed in bundles scattered in a discontinuous vascular system through the stem.
Corn, grass, lilies, orchids
Dicotyledonous Plants (two seed leaves dicots)
Gymnosperms Plants (many seed leaves) - ANSWER the xylem is formed on the inside next to
the heartwood surrounded by a continuous layer of cambium with the phloem on the outside.
Tree, shrubs, annuals, and perrennials
,Girdle - ANSWER is a complete circle of dead tissue around the stem which interrupts the food
supply pipeline.
Nodes and internodes - ANSWER Areas of the stems where leaves emerge are called
____________ and the space between are called __________.
axillary bud and axil - ANSWER in the angle where each leaf joins the stem, there is an
_________________ which is compressed, dormant stem. The angle is called the ______ of the
leaf.
Asexual reproductive structures - ANSWER Some plants have modified stem and roots
structures that store exceptionally large amounts of food and function as
Corms, such as gladiolus - ANSWER solid stem structures with remains of dried scale leaves
surrounding and protecting them. Cycle of changes are controlled by temperature.
Rhizome, such as Louisiana - ANSWER the main axis or stem of the plant is in a horizontal
position underground
Stolons - ANSWER Cylindrical horizontal stems found above ground similar to a rhizome
Tuberous roots (sweet potato) - ANSWER roots that do not have nodes and buds
crown - ANSWER the area where the stem and root tissue meets
Biennial Root - ANSWER Roots that are living through two growing seasons
Annual Top Root - ANSWER Root living through one growing season
, October until December - ANSWER Outdoor planting of spring bulbs can be done from
Dicot Leaf - ANSWER Leaf that generally has netted venation, one or more prominent veins with
branches forming a conspicuous net
Mono Leaf - ANSWER Leaf that generally has parallel veins with inconspicuous branching
between the veins as in corn
Photosynthesis and transpiration - ANSWER Leaves have two main functions to carry out:
______________ and _______________.
Photosynthesis - ANSWER the process whereby carbon dioxide and water are eventually
transformed into sugars (glucose) by the living cell using energy from visible light absorbed by
chlorophyll (green pigments)
Transpiration - ANSWER the process whereby the leaf gives off water into the atmosphere and
temperature of the leaf is regulated to reduce injury from excessive heat build up
water deficit making the plant wilt - ANSWER What occurs when transpiration is more rapid
than absorption?
Lower water pressure at the TOP of the plant - ANSWER Water movement from the roots
through the stems to the leaves depends on
Angiosperms - ANSWER Plants that bloom and develop fruit which encloses the seed
gymnosperms - ANSWER plants that have no true flowers or fruit, but bear their seeds
uncovered in cones or similar structures such as conifers
Questions With Correct Verified Answers / 2025
Edition !/ Rated A+
4 major plant parts include - ANSWER roots
stems
leaves
reproductive parts
4 functions of the root system include - ANSWER absorption
anchorage
conduction
storage
2 kind of root systems found in plants are - ANSWER fibrous root systems
and
taproot systems
Fibrous root system - ANSWER root system that consists of numerous multi-branched roots that
are slender; no one root is more prominent than the other.
Tap root system (more difficult to transplant) - ANSWER root system that consists of one main
root that grows directly downward from which branch roots arise;
carrot or a woody root (oak,maple)
What should you do if a plant becomes root bound within their containers? - ANSWER Spread
the roots out or prune them to encourage the root system to grow outward
,3 primary functions of the stems are - ANSWER Support
conduction
storage
Conduction - ANSWER the movement of water, mineral solutions, and substances manufactured
in the plant.
xylem - ANSWER water and mineral solution move upward from the roots to the leaves through
inner tissues called
phloem - ANSWER manufactured food from the leaves move out of the leaves through outer
stem tissues called
What 2 tissues form the vascular system of the plant? - ANSWER xylem and phloem
Cambium layer - ANSWER The tissue between the xylem and phloem is called the
____________. Plant function growth depends on uninterrupted conduction.
Monocotyledonous Plants (single leaf monocots) - ANSWER The xylem and phloem tissues are
formed in bundles scattered in a discontinuous vascular system through the stem.
Corn, grass, lilies, orchids
Dicotyledonous Plants (two seed leaves dicots)
Gymnosperms Plants (many seed leaves) - ANSWER the xylem is formed on the inside next to
the heartwood surrounded by a continuous layer of cambium with the phloem on the outside.
Tree, shrubs, annuals, and perrennials
,Girdle - ANSWER is a complete circle of dead tissue around the stem which interrupts the food
supply pipeline.
Nodes and internodes - ANSWER Areas of the stems where leaves emerge are called
____________ and the space between are called __________.
axillary bud and axil - ANSWER in the angle where each leaf joins the stem, there is an
_________________ which is compressed, dormant stem. The angle is called the ______ of the
leaf.
Asexual reproductive structures - ANSWER Some plants have modified stem and roots
structures that store exceptionally large amounts of food and function as
Corms, such as gladiolus - ANSWER solid stem structures with remains of dried scale leaves
surrounding and protecting them. Cycle of changes are controlled by temperature.
Rhizome, such as Louisiana - ANSWER the main axis or stem of the plant is in a horizontal
position underground
Stolons - ANSWER Cylindrical horizontal stems found above ground similar to a rhizome
Tuberous roots (sweet potato) - ANSWER roots that do not have nodes and buds
crown - ANSWER the area where the stem and root tissue meets
Biennial Root - ANSWER Roots that are living through two growing seasons
Annual Top Root - ANSWER Root living through one growing season
, October until December - ANSWER Outdoor planting of spring bulbs can be done from
Dicot Leaf - ANSWER Leaf that generally has netted venation, one or more prominent veins with
branches forming a conspicuous net
Mono Leaf - ANSWER Leaf that generally has parallel veins with inconspicuous branching
between the veins as in corn
Photosynthesis and transpiration - ANSWER Leaves have two main functions to carry out:
______________ and _______________.
Photosynthesis - ANSWER the process whereby carbon dioxide and water are eventually
transformed into sugars (glucose) by the living cell using energy from visible light absorbed by
chlorophyll (green pigments)
Transpiration - ANSWER the process whereby the leaf gives off water into the atmosphere and
temperature of the leaf is regulated to reduce injury from excessive heat build up
water deficit making the plant wilt - ANSWER What occurs when transpiration is more rapid
than absorption?
Lower water pressure at the TOP of the plant - ANSWER Water movement from the roots
through the stems to the leaves depends on
Angiosperms - ANSWER Plants that bloom and develop fruit which encloses the seed
gymnosperms - ANSWER plants that have no true flowers or fruit, but bear their seeds
uncovered in cones or similar structures such as conifers
