BIO CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM, WGU BIO CHEMISTRY
What is a monosaccharide? - ANSWER The most basic units of carbohydrates. Made of
1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless,
water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples
of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - ANSWER D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - ANSWER Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - ANSWER Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - ANSWER Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are - ANSWER The structure
(branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - ANSWER Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into - ANSWER
Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into interstitial and plasma compartments - ANSWER extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - ANSWER extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - ANSWER Water
outputs
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - ANSWER charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found in
extracellular fluid - ANSWER Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________ in
the body. - ANSWER Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most
abundant intracellular cation. - ANSWER Sodium, potassium
, BIO CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM, WGU BIO CHEMISTRY
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate buffer
system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system. - ANSWER Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentrations in body fluids? - ANSWER The rate and depth of breathing does not
alter hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - ANSWER 7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - ANSWER bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis - ANSWER c. respiratory alkalosis
What is the most common intracellular buffer? - ANSWER phosphate
Which of the following is the product of trans-deaminiatio reactions
a. urea
b. NH3
c. NH4
d. Carbonic acid - ANSWER c. NH4
Which of the following terms is the total of all the breakdown processes in the body? -
ANSWER catabolism
Amino acids that must be consumed in the diet are called - ANSWER essential amino
acids
The amino acid pool is - ANSWER all the amino acids within the tissue and body fluids
Select the best definition of an enzyme
a. an enzyme is an amino acid that speeds up chemical reactions.
b. an enzyme is a protein that is consumed in the diet and aids in chemical reactions.
c. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions and are destroyed in the
process.
d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions and are not destroyed in the
process. - ANSWER d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions and are
not destroyed in the process.
The bond that links to amino acids together is called - ANSWER a peptide bond
There are a total of __ amino acids and _______ are considered essential - ANSWER
20;9
What is a monosaccharide? - ANSWER The most basic units of carbohydrates. Made of
1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless,
water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples
of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - ANSWER D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - ANSWER Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - ANSWER Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - ANSWER Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are - ANSWER The structure
(branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - ANSWER Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into - ANSWER
Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into interstitial and plasma compartments - ANSWER extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - ANSWER extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - ANSWER Water
outputs
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - ANSWER charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found in
extracellular fluid - ANSWER Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________ in
the body. - ANSWER Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most
abundant intracellular cation. - ANSWER Sodium, potassium
, BIO CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM, WGU BIO CHEMISTRY
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate buffer
system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system. - ANSWER Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentrations in body fluids? - ANSWER The rate and depth of breathing does not
alter hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - ANSWER 7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - ANSWER bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis - ANSWER c. respiratory alkalosis
What is the most common intracellular buffer? - ANSWER phosphate
Which of the following is the product of trans-deaminiatio reactions
a. urea
b. NH3
c. NH4
d. Carbonic acid - ANSWER c. NH4
Which of the following terms is the total of all the breakdown processes in the body? -
ANSWER catabolism
Amino acids that must be consumed in the diet are called - ANSWER essential amino
acids
The amino acid pool is - ANSWER all the amino acids within the tissue and body fluids
Select the best definition of an enzyme
a. an enzyme is an amino acid that speeds up chemical reactions.
b. an enzyme is a protein that is consumed in the diet and aids in chemical reactions.
c. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions and are destroyed in the
process.
d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions and are not destroyed in the
process. - ANSWER d. enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions and are
not destroyed in the process.
The bond that links to amino acids together is called - ANSWER a peptide bond
There are a total of __ amino acids and _______ are considered essential - ANSWER
20;9
