Latin Numbers
1 - unus (un, unify, unicycle)
2 - duo
3 - tres (tri, triangle, tricycle)
4 - quattuor (quadr, quadrant)
5 - quinque (kwin - kwei)(quin, quintillion, quintip)
6 - sex
7 - septem
8 - octo
9 - novem
10 - decem (latin year started in march)
11 - undecim (1 and 10)
12 - duodecim (2 and 10
13 - tredecim
14 - quattuordecim
15 - quindecim
16 - sedecim
17 - septendecim
18 - duodeviginti (2 from 20)
19 - undeviginti (1 from 20)
20 - viginti
30 - triginta
40 - quadriginta
50 - quinquaginta
60 - sexaginta
70 - septuaginta
80 - octoginta
90 - nonaginta
100 - centum
1000 - mille
Roman Numerals
(represents finger counting)
I - 1
V - 5
,X - 10
L - 50
C - 100
D - 500
M - 1000
V - 5000
̅
X - 10000
̅
_____________________________________
I - 1
II - 2
III - 3
IV - 4 (1 from 5)
V - 5
VI - 6
VII - 7
VIII - 8
IX - 9 (1 from 10)
X - 10
IV - 4
IX - 9
XL - 40
XC - 90
CD - 400
CM - 900
XCIX - 99, not IC (you can only subtract from the unit
above/correct units)
MMDCLXXXVII = 2687
DCCVI = 706
MCMLXXIII = 1973 (you have to subtract)
MMDXLIX = 2549
LXXXI = 81
Opposite direction:
45 = 40 + 5 = XLV
3861 = MMMDCCCLXI
927 = CMXXVII
103 = CIII
,Conjugating Verbs (present tense)
- In latin, endings tell you who does the action
Singular Plural
Singular Plural
First Person I = ego -o/-m We = nos -mus
Second person You = tu -s you (all) = vos
-tis
Third Person he/she/it -t they -nt
(use the mickey mouse song)
Ego - lego
Tu - legis
Sabina - legit
Laboramus - we work / we are working / we do work
Dormis - you sleep / you are sleeping
Rident - they laugh , etc.
Legimus = we are reading
An irregular verb
I am = sum
you are = es
he/she/it is = est
we are = sumus
y’all are = estis
they are = sunt
Nouns: Nominative and Accusative
- The nominative case is used when a word is the subject or
predicate nominative or predicate adjective.
, - The accusative case is used when a word is the direct object (or
the object of some prepositions).
Examples:
- Gisco (S) holds (V) his baby (DO)
- Rufina (S) is (LV) my aunt (PN)
- The baby (S) is (LV) happy (PA)
_____________________________________________________________
- Gisco (nom) infantem (acc) tenet (V)
- Rufina (nom) est (V) amita (nom) mea
- Infancy (nom) est (LV) laetus (nom)
Endings
1st decl. 2nd decl 3rd decl
(declension)
nom. -a -us (etc.)
acc. -am -um -em
A declension is a group of nouns which share endings
Gender
-masculine
-feminine
-neuter (neither)
1st declension: -a mostly feminine
2nd declension: -us/-er/-ir, mostly masculine
-um, neuter
1 - unus (un, unify, unicycle)
2 - duo
3 - tres (tri, triangle, tricycle)
4 - quattuor (quadr, quadrant)
5 - quinque (kwin - kwei)(quin, quintillion, quintip)
6 - sex
7 - septem
8 - octo
9 - novem
10 - decem (latin year started in march)
11 - undecim (1 and 10)
12 - duodecim (2 and 10
13 - tredecim
14 - quattuordecim
15 - quindecim
16 - sedecim
17 - septendecim
18 - duodeviginti (2 from 20)
19 - undeviginti (1 from 20)
20 - viginti
30 - triginta
40 - quadriginta
50 - quinquaginta
60 - sexaginta
70 - septuaginta
80 - octoginta
90 - nonaginta
100 - centum
1000 - mille
Roman Numerals
(represents finger counting)
I - 1
V - 5
,X - 10
L - 50
C - 100
D - 500
M - 1000
V - 5000
̅
X - 10000
̅
_____________________________________
I - 1
II - 2
III - 3
IV - 4 (1 from 5)
V - 5
VI - 6
VII - 7
VIII - 8
IX - 9 (1 from 10)
X - 10
IV - 4
IX - 9
XL - 40
XC - 90
CD - 400
CM - 900
XCIX - 99, not IC (you can only subtract from the unit
above/correct units)
MMDCLXXXVII = 2687
DCCVI = 706
MCMLXXIII = 1973 (you have to subtract)
MMDXLIX = 2549
LXXXI = 81
Opposite direction:
45 = 40 + 5 = XLV
3861 = MMMDCCCLXI
927 = CMXXVII
103 = CIII
,Conjugating Verbs (present tense)
- In latin, endings tell you who does the action
Singular Plural
Singular Plural
First Person I = ego -o/-m We = nos -mus
Second person You = tu -s you (all) = vos
-tis
Third Person he/she/it -t they -nt
(use the mickey mouse song)
Ego - lego
Tu - legis
Sabina - legit
Laboramus - we work / we are working / we do work
Dormis - you sleep / you are sleeping
Rident - they laugh , etc.
Legimus = we are reading
An irregular verb
I am = sum
you are = es
he/she/it is = est
we are = sumus
y’all are = estis
they are = sunt
Nouns: Nominative and Accusative
- The nominative case is used when a word is the subject or
predicate nominative or predicate adjective.
, - The accusative case is used when a word is the direct object (or
the object of some prepositions).
Examples:
- Gisco (S) holds (V) his baby (DO)
- Rufina (S) is (LV) my aunt (PN)
- The baby (S) is (LV) happy (PA)
_____________________________________________________________
- Gisco (nom) infantem (acc) tenet (V)
- Rufina (nom) est (V) amita (nom) mea
- Infancy (nom) est (LV) laetus (nom)
Endings
1st decl. 2nd decl 3rd decl
(declension)
nom. -a -us (etc.)
acc. -am -um -em
A declension is a group of nouns which share endings
Gender
-masculine
-feminine
-neuter (neither)
1st declension: -a mostly feminine
2nd declension: -us/-er/-ir, mostly masculine
-um, neuter
