ATI-Comprehensive Med-Surg Pediatric Nursing Exam 2023-2024: 100
Must-Know Questions & Answers for Effective Child Care
Management
Med-Surg Exam: Care for Children
Total Questions: 100
Time: 2 Hours
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)
1. Which of the following is a common sign of respiratory distress in a child?
A) Cyanosis
B) Bradycardia
C) Hyperactivity
D) Increased urine output
Answer: A) Cyanosis
2. What is the most important nursing action when caring for a child with a fever?
A) Administering antipyretics immediately
B) Encouraging fluid intake
C) Restricting physical activity
D) Applying cold compresses
Answer: B) Encouraging fluid intake
3. A 4-year-old child is admitted with dehydration due to gastroenteritis. What is the best route for
rehydration in this child?
A) Intravenous fluids
B) Oral rehydration therapy
C) Rectal fluids
,D) Nasogastric tube feeding
Answer: B) Oral rehydration therapy
4. Which of the following is a common side effect of the administration of corticosteroids in pediatric
patients?
A) Weight loss
B) Growth retardation
C) Increased appetite
D) Decreased blood pressure
Answer: C) Increased appetite
5. A child with a history of asthma presents with wheezing, shortness of breath, and a prolonged
expiration phase. The nurse should:
A) Administer a bronchodilator
B) Restrict the child’s physical activity
C) Administer oxygen at 6 L/min
D) Place the child in a semi-reclining position
Answer: A) Administer a bronchodilator
6. What is the appropriate method for administering medication to an infant?
A) Oral syringe or dropper
B) Regular spoon
C) Inhaler
D) Pill form
Answer: A) Oral syringe or dropper
,7. What is the best way to assess pain in an infant?
A) Use the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale
B) Assess facial expressions, body movements, and crying
C) Ask the parent how the child is feeling
D) Use the Numeric Pain Scale
Answer: B) Assess facial expressions, body movements, and crying
8. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the meninges and is most commonly seen in
children under 5 years of age?
A) Encephalitis
B) Meningitis
C) Sepsis
D) Tuberculosis
Answer: B) Meningitis
9. A 3-month-old child is brought to the emergency room with a fever, lethargy, and a bulging fontanel.
The nurse suspects:
A) Otitis media
B) Meningitis
C) Pneumonia
D) Gastroenteritis
Answer: B) Meningitis
10. A pediatric patient diagnosed with a fractured femur requires traction. What is the primary goal of
traction in pediatric fractures?
A) Preventing infection
, B) Relieving pain
C) Maintaining bone alignment
D) Reducing the risk of compartment syndrome
Answer: C) Maintaining bone alignment
Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)
11. Explain the nursing interventions for a child with sickle cell disease during a pain crisis.
Sample Answer:
Administer prescribed analgesics for pain relief.
Provide hydration to prevent dehydration and promote circulation.
Encourage the child to rest and avoid strenuous activity.
Apply warm compresses to painful areas to alleviate discomfort.
12. A child with Kawasaki disease presents with a high fever and rash. What are the key aspects of care
for this child?
Sample Answer:
Administer intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to reduce inflammation.
Monitor the child for signs of cardiac complications, such as coronary artery aneurysms.
Administer aspirin (as prescribed) to reduce fever and inflammation.
Must-Know Questions & Answers for Effective Child Care
Management
Med-Surg Exam: Care for Children
Total Questions: 100
Time: 2 Hours
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)
1. Which of the following is a common sign of respiratory distress in a child?
A) Cyanosis
B) Bradycardia
C) Hyperactivity
D) Increased urine output
Answer: A) Cyanosis
2. What is the most important nursing action when caring for a child with a fever?
A) Administering antipyretics immediately
B) Encouraging fluid intake
C) Restricting physical activity
D) Applying cold compresses
Answer: B) Encouraging fluid intake
3. A 4-year-old child is admitted with dehydration due to gastroenteritis. What is the best route for
rehydration in this child?
A) Intravenous fluids
B) Oral rehydration therapy
C) Rectal fluids
,D) Nasogastric tube feeding
Answer: B) Oral rehydration therapy
4. Which of the following is a common side effect of the administration of corticosteroids in pediatric
patients?
A) Weight loss
B) Growth retardation
C) Increased appetite
D) Decreased blood pressure
Answer: C) Increased appetite
5. A child with a history of asthma presents with wheezing, shortness of breath, and a prolonged
expiration phase. The nurse should:
A) Administer a bronchodilator
B) Restrict the child’s physical activity
C) Administer oxygen at 6 L/min
D) Place the child in a semi-reclining position
Answer: A) Administer a bronchodilator
6. What is the appropriate method for administering medication to an infant?
A) Oral syringe or dropper
B) Regular spoon
C) Inhaler
D) Pill form
Answer: A) Oral syringe or dropper
,7. What is the best way to assess pain in an infant?
A) Use the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale
B) Assess facial expressions, body movements, and crying
C) Ask the parent how the child is feeling
D) Use the Numeric Pain Scale
Answer: B) Assess facial expressions, body movements, and crying
8. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the meninges and is most commonly seen in
children under 5 years of age?
A) Encephalitis
B) Meningitis
C) Sepsis
D) Tuberculosis
Answer: B) Meningitis
9. A 3-month-old child is brought to the emergency room with a fever, lethargy, and a bulging fontanel.
The nurse suspects:
A) Otitis media
B) Meningitis
C) Pneumonia
D) Gastroenteritis
Answer: B) Meningitis
10. A pediatric patient diagnosed with a fractured femur requires traction. What is the primary goal of
traction in pediatric fractures?
A) Preventing infection
, B) Relieving pain
C) Maintaining bone alignment
D) Reducing the risk of compartment syndrome
Answer: C) Maintaining bone alignment
Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)
11. Explain the nursing interventions for a child with sickle cell disease during a pain crisis.
Sample Answer:
Administer prescribed analgesics for pain relief.
Provide hydration to prevent dehydration and promote circulation.
Encourage the child to rest and avoid strenuous activity.
Apply warm compresses to painful areas to alleviate discomfort.
12. A child with Kawasaki disease presents with a high fever and rash. What are the key aspects of care
for this child?
Sample Answer:
Administer intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to reduce inflammation.
Monitor the child for signs of cardiac complications, such as coronary artery aneurysms.
Administer aspirin (as prescribed) to reduce fever and inflammation.
