2025 CSCI221 NETWORKING
CONCEPTS AND TERMINOLOGY
300+QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
BY EXPERTS BRANDNEW!!!
Network - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A group of computers and devices connected by
transmission media, ranging from small setups to the Internet.
Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The arrangement and connection of different elements
within a network.
Physical Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The physical layout of devices and cables in a
network.
Logical Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>How data flows within a network and how
access is controlled.
Network Operating System (NOS) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Software that manages network
resources and controls access for clients and servers.
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network model without centralized control,
where each node manages its own resources.
Client-Server Model - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A centralized network model where resources
are managed by a server and accessed by clients.
Windows Domain - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A logical group of computers managed by a
Windows Server.
Active Directory (AD) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A centralized database for managing user
accounts and permissions within a network.
Protocol - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A set of rules for communication between networked
devices.
Local Area Network (LAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network that typically covers a
small geographical area, such as an office.
Switch - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A device that directs data traffic within a LAN.
1
,Network Interface Card (NIC) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hardware that connects a device to
a network.
Star Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network topology where all devices connect to a
central device.
Backbone - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A central conduit that connects different segments of a
network.
Hybrid Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A topology that combines multiple types, such as
star-bus topology.
Router - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A device that routes data between different networks,
managing traffic.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network that connects
multiple LANs within a specific geographical area.
Wide Area Network (WAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network that spans a large
geographical area, such as the Internet.
Personal Area Network (PAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The smallest network, typically
connecting personal devices like smartphones and computers.
OSI Model - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A seven-layer framework for understanding and
categorizing the functions of networking protocols.
Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A specific level in the OSI model, each serving distinct
functions in data transmission.
Physical Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 1; is responsible for the transmission of raw
bits over a physical medium.
Data Link Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 2; manages node-to-node data transfer and
error detection, using MAC addresses.
Network Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 3; responsible for routing and forwarding
packets using IP addresses.
Transport Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 4; ensures complete data transfer between
applications using TCP or UDP protocols.
Session Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 5; manages sessions between applications,
including synchronization and recovery.
2
,Presentation Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 6; prepares data for the application layer
through formatting, compression, or encryption.
Application Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 7; interfaces directly with user
applications and provides network services.
Protocol Data Unit (PDU) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A term for a group of bits as it moves
through the OSI layers, with different names at each layer.
TCP - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Transmission Control Protocol; a connection-oriented
transport layer protocol that ensures data delivery.
UDP - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>User Datagram Protocol; a connectionless transport layer
protocol that does not guarantee delivery.
IP Address - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A unique identifier assigned to each device on a
network used for routing data and identifying devices on a network.
MAC Address - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A unique identifier assigned to network interface
controllers (NICs), used for physical addressing at the Data Link layer.
Encapsulation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of adding headers to data as it moves
down the OSI layers.
Fragmentation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of dividing large packets into smaller
packets at the Network layer.
Troubleshooting - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of diagnosing and resolving network
issues.
Action Plan - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A structured approach to address identified problems
or implement solutions.
Structured Cabling - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A standardized approach to installing network
cabling to improve performance and reduce maintenance.
TIA/EIA - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) and
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA); organizations that set cabling standards.
Entrance Facility - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The point at which an external network connects
to an internal network.
Demarcation Point (Demarc) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The boundary between a
telecommunications provider's network and the organization's network.
3
, Main Distribution Frame (MDF) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The central point for
interconnecting an organization's local or wide area network.
Data Room - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>An enclosed area that contains network equipment.
Patch Panel - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A panel that organizes and connects network cables for
easy management.
Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A connection point between
the MDF and end-user devices on different floors or buildings.
Patch Cable - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A short cable used to connect devices, typically with
connectors on both ends.
Horizontal Cabling - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cabling that connects workstations to the
nearest data room or switches.
Backbone Cabling - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cables or wireless links that connect main
network components.
Cable Management - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Practices for organizing and maintaining
network cables to ensure performance and safety.
Documentation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Records of network configurations, including
labeling and updates for clarity and maintenance.
Network Diagram - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A graphical representation of a network's
devices and connections, showing physical and logical layouts.
Network Mapping - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of discovering and identifying
devices on a network using tools like Nmap.
Nmap - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A popular network scanning tool used for mapping and
security auditing of networks.
Zenmap - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The GUI version of Nmap for easier network scanning
and visualization.
Wiring Schematic - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A detailed diagram showing the wiring
connections between network devices.
Inventory Management - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of monitoring and maintaining
all network assets and components.
System Life Cycle (SLC) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The comprehensive process of designing,
implementing, and maintaining a network and its assets.
4
CONCEPTS AND TERMINOLOGY
300+QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
BY EXPERTS BRANDNEW!!!
Network - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A group of computers and devices connected by
transmission media, ranging from small setups to the Internet.
Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The arrangement and connection of different elements
within a network.
Physical Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The physical layout of devices and cables in a
network.
Logical Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>How data flows within a network and how
access is controlled.
Network Operating System (NOS) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Software that manages network
resources and controls access for clients and servers.
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network model without centralized control,
where each node manages its own resources.
Client-Server Model - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A centralized network model where resources
are managed by a server and accessed by clients.
Windows Domain - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A logical group of computers managed by a
Windows Server.
Active Directory (AD) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A centralized database for managing user
accounts and permissions within a network.
Protocol - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A set of rules for communication between networked
devices.
Local Area Network (LAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network that typically covers a
small geographical area, such as an office.
Switch - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A device that directs data traffic within a LAN.
1
,Network Interface Card (NIC) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hardware that connects a device to
a network.
Star Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network topology where all devices connect to a
central device.
Backbone - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A central conduit that connects different segments of a
network.
Hybrid Topology - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A topology that combines multiple types, such as
star-bus topology.
Router - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A device that routes data between different networks,
managing traffic.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network that connects
multiple LANs within a specific geographical area.
Wide Area Network (WAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A network that spans a large
geographical area, such as the Internet.
Personal Area Network (PAN) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The smallest network, typically
connecting personal devices like smartphones and computers.
OSI Model - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A seven-layer framework for understanding and
categorizing the functions of networking protocols.
Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A specific level in the OSI model, each serving distinct
functions in data transmission.
Physical Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 1; is responsible for the transmission of raw
bits over a physical medium.
Data Link Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 2; manages node-to-node data transfer and
error detection, using MAC addresses.
Network Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 3; responsible for routing and forwarding
packets using IP addresses.
Transport Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 4; ensures complete data transfer between
applications using TCP or UDP protocols.
Session Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 5; manages sessions between applications,
including synchronization and recovery.
2
,Presentation Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 6; prepares data for the application layer
through formatting, compression, or encryption.
Application Layer - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Layer 7; interfaces directly with user
applications and provides network services.
Protocol Data Unit (PDU) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A term for a group of bits as it moves
through the OSI layers, with different names at each layer.
TCP - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Transmission Control Protocol; a connection-oriented
transport layer protocol that ensures data delivery.
UDP - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>User Datagram Protocol; a connectionless transport layer
protocol that does not guarantee delivery.
IP Address - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A unique identifier assigned to each device on a
network used for routing data and identifying devices on a network.
MAC Address - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A unique identifier assigned to network interface
controllers (NICs), used for physical addressing at the Data Link layer.
Encapsulation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of adding headers to data as it moves
down the OSI layers.
Fragmentation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of dividing large packets into smaller
packets at the Network layer.
Troubleshooting - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of diagnosing and resolving network
issues.
Action Plan - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A structured approach to address identified problems
or implement solutions.
Structured Cabling - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A standardized approach to installing network
cabling to improve performance and reduce maintenance.
TIA/EIA - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) and
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA); organizations that set cabling standards.
Entrance Facility - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The point at which an external network connects
to an internal network.
Demarcation Point (Demarc) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The boundary between a
telecommunications provider's network and the organization's network.
3
, Main Distribution Frame (MDF) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The central point for
interconnecting an organization's local or wide area network.
Data Room - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>An enclosed area that contains network equipment.
Patch Panel - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A panel that organizes and connects network cables for
easy management.
Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A connection point between
the MDF and end-user devices on different floors or buildings.
Patch Cable - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A short cable used to connect devices, typically with
connectors on both ends.
Horizontal Cabling - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cabling that connects workstations to the
nearest data room or switches.
Backbone Cabling - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cables or wireless links that connect main
network components.
Cable Management - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Practices for organizing and maintaining
network cables to ensure performance and safety.
Documentation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Records of network configurations, including
labeling and updates for clarity and maintenance.
Network Diagram - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A graphical representation of a network's
devices and connections, showing physical and logical layouts.
Network Mapping - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of discovering and identifying
devices on a network using tools like Nmap.
Nmap - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A popular network scanning tool used for mapping and
security auditing of networks.
Zenmap - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The GUI version of Nmap for easier network scanning
and visualization.
Wiring Schematic - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>A detailed diagram showing the wiring
connections between network devices.
Inventory Management - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The process of monitoring and maintaining
all network assets and components.
System Life Cycle (SLC) - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The comprehensive process of designing,
implementing, and maintaining a network and its assets.
4
