Anatomy and Physiology 100 MCQs with Detailed Explanations | Nursing, NCLEX, and Medical Exam Prep 2025–2026

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY UPDATED
NOTE BANK – 100 MCQS WITH
EXPLANATIONS 2025 -2026



Question 1: What is the primary function of the lungs?
 a. To digest food
 b. To filter blood
 c. To facilitate the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) ✅
 d. To control movement

📘 Explanation: The lungs are a vital part of the respiratory system, responsible for
exchanging gases. Oxygen from the air is absorbed into the bloodstream while carbon
dioxide is expelled.



Question 2: What is the primary function of the brain?
 a. To pump blood
 b. To control bodily functions and process sensory information ✅
 c. To digest nutrients
 d. To exchange gases

📘 Explanation: The brain, part of the central nervous system, controls all body activities,
processes sensory input, and coordinates thought, memory, emotion, and voluntary
movements.



Question 3: What is the primary function of the stomach?
 a. To pump blood
 b. To produce urine
 c. To break down food using digestive enzymes and acid ✅
 d. To store bile

📘 Explanation: The stomach secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. Its muscular walls
churn food to enhance digestion before passing it to the small intestine.

,Question 4: What is the primary function of the kidneys?
 a. To absorb nutrients
 b. To regulate temperature
 c. To filter waste from blood and regulate fluid balance ✅
 d. To digest proteins

📘 Explanation: The kidneys filter blood to remove waste, regulate electrolyte balance, and
control blood pressure by adjusting fluid levels.



Question 5: What is the primary function of the heart?
 a. To digest lipids
 b. To filter lymph
 c. To produce hormones
 d. To pump blood throughout the body ✅

📘 Explanation: The heart is the muscular pump of the cardiovascular system, circulating
oxygenated blood to tissues and returning deoxygenated blood to the lungs.



Question 6: What is the primary function of the lungs?
 a. To digest food
 b. To filter blood
 c. To facilitate the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) ✅
 d. To control movement

📘 Explanation: The lungs are a vital part of the respiratory system, responsible for
exchanging gases. Oxygen from the air is absorbed into the bloodstream while carbon
dioxide is expelled.



Question 7: What is the primary function of the brain?
 a. To pump blood
 b. To control bodily functions and process sensory information ✅
 c. To digest nutrients
 d. To exchange gases

📘 Explanation: The brain, part of the central nervous system, controls all body activities,
processes sensory input, and coordinates thought, memory, emotion, and voluntary
movements.

, Question 8: What is the primary function of the stomach?
 a. To pump blood
 b. To produce urine
 c. To break down food using digestive enzymes and acid ✅
 d. To store bile

📘 Explanation: The stomach secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. Its muscular walls
churn food to enhance digestion before passing it to the small intestine.



Question 9: What is the primary function of the kidneys?
 a. To absorb nutrients
 b. To regulate temperature
 c. To filter waste from blood and regulate fluid balance ✅
 d. To digest proteins

📘 Explanation: The kidneys filter blood to remove waste, regulate electrolyte balance, and
control blood pressure by adjusting fluid levels.



Question 10: What is the primary function of the heart?
 a. To digest lipids
 b. To filter lymph
 c. To produce hormones
 d. To pump blood throughout the body ✅

📘 Explanation: The heart is the muscular pump of the cardiovascular system, circulating
oxygenated blood to tissues and returning deoxygenated blood to the lungs.



Question 11: What is the primary function of the lungs?
 a. To digest food
 b. To filter blood
 c. To facilitate the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) ✅
 d. To control movement

📘 Explanation: The lungs are a vital part of the respiratory system, responsible for
exchanging gases. Oxygen from the air is absorbed into the bloodstream while carbon
dioxide is expelled.