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ess 101 b lab 5 quiz sedimentary rocks questions with verified solutions

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ess 101 b lab 5 quiz sedimentary rocks questions with verified solutionsess 101 b lab 5 quiz sedimentary rocks questions with verified solutionsess 101 b lab 5 quiz sedimentary rocks questions with verified solutionsess 101 b lab 5 quiz sedimentary rocks questions with verified solutions

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Ess 101 B Lab 5 Sedimentary Rocks
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Ess 101 b lab 5 sedimentary rocks

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ESS 101 B Lab 5 Quiz: Sedimentary Rocks e u . e u . e u . e u . e u . eu. e u .




Lab 5: SedimentaryRocks eu. eu . eu.




AttemptHistory u
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Attempt Time e u . Score

LATEST Attempt1 .
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Scorefor this attempt: 14.92 outof15
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Submitted Feb 9 at 2:04pm This
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eu. attempt took 73 minutes. eu. eu. eu.




Introduction
In the igneous rock lab,we focused on tectonic processes that influence rock formation insideofthe
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earth’s crust. Now wewill turn to the earth’s surface, where rockweathers into smaller rock fragments and
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minerals. The solid particles and dissolved ions (charged atoms and molecules) freed by weathering
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eprocessesare transported by water, wind, gravity, and glaciersfrom their source (that is,the original rock) to
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depositional basins (the places where sediment accumulates). This collection of looselypacked,
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unconsolidated mineral or rockfragments iscalled sediment.In time,sediment isburied and lithified to
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form sedimentary rock. Careful examination of the mineral compositionand texture of many sedimentary
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rocks provides clues to the:
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(1) originalsource ofthe sediment(provenance); .
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(2) typeandextent ofthe weatheringprocessesbywhich thesource rock was brokendown;
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(3) agent (water, wind, gravity, orice)that transportedthe sedimentand, insomecases,the duration of
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transport;
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(4) physical, chemical, and biologicalenvironment inwhich the sedimentwas deposited,and; eu. eu. eu. .
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(5) changes thatmayhave occurred afterdeposition(diagenesis). eu. eu
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Sedimentaryrocks areawindow into ancient environments. They containtraces ofevidence thatreflect what the .
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earth was once like. Forexample, fossilized bones insome sedimentary rocks show that dinosaurs once
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roamed the earth. Therefore, the characteristics ofa sedimentary rock reflect the environment inwhich that
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rock formed.
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,ESS 101 B Lab 5 Quiz: Sedimentary Rocks
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The texture, size and shape of sedimentary clasts (or rock fragments) cantell us about the environment
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e u . inwhich asedimentary rockformed. For example, if the clasts that makeup a sedimentary rocklook like
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rounded riverrocks, then we might conclude that that sedimentary rock formed in a riverbed (Figure 5-1).
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Figure 5-1 Rounded rocks in a conglomerate, a type of sedimentary rock that usually forms in a river
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environment.
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The mineral composition ofsedimentary clastscantell us where the clasts camefrom
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(provenance). For example, if sedimentary rocks in Oregon contain clasts that are mineralogically eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu.




identical to igneous rocks in British Columbia, then we could infer that a river or some other transport
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mechanism once connected the two locations.
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Sedimentary rocks can be divided into three different categories, eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu
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depending on what type of sediment(s) they are made of:
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1. Clastic (or detrital), composedof clasts (broken pieces)of other rocks. eu. eu. e u . .
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2. Chemical and biochemical, formed by the precipitationof ions. eu. eu. eu. eu. eu. e u . .
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3. Organic,composed oforganic materials. eu. eu. .
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Section 1: Weathering eu . eu.




Weathering isa family of rockbreakdown processes that occur at or near the earth’s
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surface. Mechanical weathering (also called physical weathering) is when rock physically breaks into
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smaller pieces. Chemical weathering is when chemical reactions, such as oxidation or hydrolysis,
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dissolve or alter minerals.
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MechanicalWeathering .
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,ESS 101 B Lab 5 Quiz: Sedimentary Rocks e u . e u . e u . e u . e u . eu. e u .




Mechanical weathering (also called physical weathering) is when rock physically breaks into smaller .
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pieces. Plate tectonics and gravity forces cause igneous rocks to crack and break. Gravity then pulls
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fragments downhill on slopes and in rivers, leading to rock-on-rock collisions and rock fragmentation.
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Mechanical weathering in often facilitated by the action of water.
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Chemical Weathering eu.




Chemical weathering transforms existing minerals into new minerals, and releases ions into the environment.
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eForexample, the hydrolysis reaction CaAl2Si2O8+ H2CO3 + ½O2 →Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + Ca2+
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+CO32- turns plagioclaseinto kaolinite,aclay mineral. Kaolinite lacks calciuminits structure, sothe leftover
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ecalcium from plagioclase enters surface waters asa Ca2+ ion. Note that K-feldspar and Na Plagioclasecan
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alsoweather to produce kaolinite clay. Think about what ions will be dissolved and enter surface waters
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when these minerals weather.
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Question 1 eu.




1.25 /1.25 pts eu. .
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Identify the eight minerals commonly found insedimentary rocks displayed onthe following page.You have
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identified allofthese minerals inLab 3B.Refer toyour mineral identificationcharts (Appendices A-
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1(https://canvas.uw.edu/courses/1699809/files/113584328/download),A-2
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(https://canvas.uw.edu/courses/1699809/files/113584462/download) , and A-3 eu. eu. eu.




eu. (https://canvas.uw.edu/courses/1699809/files/113584326/download) )and the diagnostic properties of eu. .
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eu. sedimentary rock-forming minerals (Table 5-2). eu. eu. eu. eu.




Watch this video to seehow M3reacts with HCl.
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, ESS 101 B Lab 5 Quiz: Sedimentary Rocks
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Mineral1 .
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halite

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orthoclase

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calcite

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quartz

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muscovite



Question 2 eu.




1/ 1 pts
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Instelling
Ess 101 b lab 5 sedimentary rocks
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Ess 101 b lab 5 sedimentary rocks

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