1
HOSA
HOSA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
Aldosterone - ANS ✓Principle hormone from the adrenal cortex that causes
sodium retention and potassium secretion by the kidneys
Alleles - ANS ✓Alternative forms of a gene
Allergic contact dermatitis - ANS ✓Localized inflammation of the skin caused
by contact with an allergen
Allergy - ANS ✓Extreme immune response to an antigen
Alpha cells - ANS ✓Glucagon-secreting cells of the endocrine pancreas
Alpha-feto-protein - ANS ✓Foetal protein found in maternal blood and
sometimes detected in adults with various cancers
Alveoli - ANS ✓Small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
Alzheimer's disease - ANS ✓Most common cause of dementia; irreversible,
progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking
Amenorrhea - ANS ✓Absence of menstruation
HOSA PATH
, 2
HOSA
Amniocentesis - ANS ✓Diagnostic test for hereditary disease performed on
foetal cells withdrawn from amniotic fluid
Amoeboid - ANS ✓Type of protozoa that moves with pseudopodia
Amylase - ANS ✓Digestive enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - ANS ✓Chronic, terminal, degenerative
disease of the motor nervous system; AKA Lou Gehrig's disease
Analgesics - ANS ✓Medications that reduce pain
Anaphylactic shock - ANS ✓Severe inflammation brought on by an antigen-
antibody reaction such as occurs in incompatible blood transfusion
Anaphylaxis - ANS ✓Condition of anaphylactic shock, a life-threatening state in
which blood pressure drops and airways become constricted
Androgen - ANS ✓Sex hormone in males
Anemia - ANS ✓Condition caused by a reduction of oxygen-carrying
haemoglobin
Aneurysm - ANS ✓Localized dilation caused by a weakening in the wall of a
blood vessel
Angina pectoris - ANS ✓Temporary chest pain or sensation of chest pressure
caused by transient oxygen insufficiency
HOSA PATH
HOSA
HOSA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
Aldosterone - ANS ✓Principle hormone from the adrenal cortex that causes
sodium retention and potassium secretion by the kidneys
Alleles - ANS ✓Alternative forms of a gene
Allergic contact dermatitis - ANS ✓Localized inflammation of the skin caused
by contact with an allergen
Allergy - ANS ✓Extreme immune response to an antigen
Alpha cells - ANS ✓Glucagon-secreting cells of the endocrine pancreas
Alpha-feto-protein - ANS ✓Foetal protein found in maternal blood and
sometimes detected in adults with various cancers
Alveoli - ANS ✓Small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
Alzheimer's disease - ANS ✓Most common cause of dementia; irreversible,
progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking
Amenorrhea - ANS ✓Absence of menstruation
HOSA PATH
, 2
HOSA
Amniocentesis - ANS ✓Diagnostic test for hereditary disease performed on
foetal cells withdrawn from amniotic fluid
Amoeboid - ANS ✓Type of protozoa that moves with pseudopodia
Amylase - ANS ✓Digestive enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - ANS ✓Chronic, terminal, degenerative
disease of the motor nervous system; AKA Lou Gehrig's disease
Analgesics - ANS ✓Medications that reduce pain
Anaphylactic shock - ANS ✓Severe inflammation brought on by an antigen-
antibody reaction such as occurs in incompatible blood transfusion
Anaphylaxis - ANS ✓Condition of anaphylactic shock, a life-threatening state in
which blood pressure drops and airways become constricted
Androgen - ANS ✓Sex hormone in males
Anemia - ANS ✓Condition caused by a reduction of oxygen-carrying
haemoglobin
Aneurysm - ANS ✓Localized dilation caused by a weakening in the wall of a
blood vessel
Angina pectoris - ANS ✓Temporary chest pain or sensation of chest pressure
caused by transient oxygen insufficiency
HOSA PATH
