1
HOSA
HOSA NUTRITION EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS, ALREADY
PASSED! (COMPLETE & ACCURATE)
What are the functions of pyridoxine (B6)? - ANS ✓Functions as a coenzyme
in amino acid metabolism. Essential for red blood cell metabolism, keeping blood
sugar levels stable, and the nervous and immune system.
What are symptoms of pyridoxine deficiency? - ANS ✓seizures, dermatitis,
depression, and glossitis (sore tongue)
What is the RDA for pyridoxine (B6)? - ANS ✓1.3 mg
What is the difference between folate (B9) and folic acid? - ANS ✓Folate is
found naturally in foods. Folic acid is manufactured synthetically.
What are the functions of folate? - ANS ✓Produces and maintains new cells.
Prevents changes in DNA that could lead to cancer.
What is the RDA for folate? - ANS ✓400 mcg for adults, 600 mcg for pregnant
women
What are the symptoms of folate (B9) deficiency? - ANS ✓Megaloblastic
anemia (weakness, heart palpitations, irritability), open sores inside the mouth,
and risk of having babies with neural tube defects (like spina bifida) or
premature birth.
HOSA NUTRITION
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HOSA
What is the function of Vitamin B12? - ANS ✓red blood cell formation,
neurological function, and DNA creation
How is Vitamin B12 unique? - ANS ✓It requires intrinsic factor, made by the
stomach, to be absorbed
What are symptoms of B12 deficiency? - ANS ✓Megaloblastic anemia and
neurological disorders.
What is the RDA for B12? - ANS ✓2.4 mcg per day
What are the functions of biotin (B7)? - ANS ✓Acts as a coenzyme for the
synthesis of glucose and fatty acids and for amino acid metabolism.
What are symptoms of biotin (B7) deficiency? - ANS ✓anorexia, glossitis,
depression, nausea
What is the RDA for B7? - ANS ✓30 mcg
Functions of pantothenic acid (B5) - ANS ✓Helps release energy from carbs,
manufacture glucose, and synthesize and degrade fatty acids. Necessary for the
formation of acetylcholine and steroid hormones.
Symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency - ANS ✓fatigue, burning/tingling
sensation in hands/feet
What are the functions of vitamin C? - ANS ✓Helps create collagen, L-carnitine,
and certain neurotransmitters.
What is the RDA for Vitamin C? - ANS ✓90 mg for men, 75 mg for women
HOSA NUTRITION
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HOSA
What is the function of calcium? - ANS ✓blood clotting, muscle contraction,
nerve transmission, hormone/enzyme secretion
What percent of the global population has iron-deficiency anemia? - ANS
✓30%
What is the function of iron? - ANS ✓It transports oxygen to the cells via
haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells.
What inhibits iron absorption? - ANS ✓Phytates (in whole grains and
legumes), tannic acids (in tea), calcium, fiber, and some spices
What counts as a serving of fruit? - ANS ✓1/2 cup of fresh fruit, or 1/4 cup of
dried fruit or 100% fruit juice
What counts as a serving of vegetables? - ANS ✓1 cup of raw leafy veggies, or
1/2 cup of other veggies or vegetable juice
What foods should be combined to form complete proteins? - ANS ✓Whole
grains and legumes (whole grains have methionine and cysteine) or nuts/seeds
and legumes
What is the biggest source of antioxidants in the Standard American Diet? -
ANS ✓coffee (polyphenols)
What are the essential fatty acids? - ANS ✓alpha-linoleic acid and linoleic acid
What are the symptoms of scurvy? - ANS ✓appetite loss, bruising, muscle pain,
bleeding gums or tooth loss
HOSA NUTRITION
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HOSA
What are probiotics? - ANS ✓Live bacteria in certain food or supplements
What are prebiotics? - ANS ✓Nondigestible food ingredients that stimulate the
growth and activity of certain bacteria in the colon
What is Tourette Syndrome? - ANS ✓Characterized by tics (repetitive,
involuntary behaviours such as eye blinking or repetitive, jerky movements).
Behavioral problems such as hyperactivity and impulsivity.
How many carbs per day will cause ketosis? - ANS ✓20-100
What body compartment is directly proportional to BMR? - ANS ✓lean body
mass (cell mass)
What is Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE)? - ANS ✓The energy required to
carry out basic metabolic functions
Which enzymes limit the amount of dietary protein absorbed? - ANS
✓hydrolytic
What are the characteristics of kwashiorkor? - ANS ✓edema, depigmentation,
fatty liver, hypoalbuminemia
What is the protein equivalent of 1 g of nitrogen output? - ANS ✓6.25 g
Which amino acid is only essential for infants? - ANS ✓Arginine
Does fructose flow up or down its concentration gradient? - ANS ✓down
HOSA NUTRITION
HOSA
HOSA NUTRITION EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS, ALREADY
PASSED! (COMPLETE & ACCURATE)
What are the functions of pyridoxine (B6)? - ANS ✓Functions as a coenzyme
in amino acid metabolism. Essential for red blood cell metabolism, keeping blood
sugar levels stable, and the nervous and immune system.
What are symptoms of pyridoxine deficiency? - ANS ✓seizures, dermatitis,
depression, and glossitis (sore tongue)
What is the RDA for pyridoxine (B6)? - ANS ✓1.3 mg
What is the difference between folate (B9) and folic acid? - ANS ✓Folate is
found naturally in foods. Folic acid is manufactured synthetically.
What are the functions of folate? - ANS ✓Produces and maintains new cells.
Prevents changes in DNA that could lead to cancer.
What is the RDA for folate? - ANS ✓400 mcg for adults, 600 mcg for pregnant
women
What are the symptoms of folate (B9) deficiency? - ANS ✓Megaloblastic
anemia (weakness, heart palpitations, irritability), open sores inside the mouth,
and risk of having babies with neural tube defects (like spina bifida) or
premature birth.
HOSA NUTRITION
, 2
HOSA
What is the function of Vitamin B12? - ANS ✓red blood cell formation,
neurological function, and DNA creation
How is Vitamin B12 unique? - ANS ✓It requires intrinsic factor, made by the
stomach, to be absorbed
What are symptoms of B12 deficiency? - ANS ✓Megaloblastic anemia and
neurological disorders.
What is the RDA for B12? - ANS ✓2.4 mcg per day
What are the functions of biotin (B7)? - ANS ✓Acts as a coenzyme for the
synthesis of glucose and fatty acids and for amino acid metabolism.
What are symptoms of biotin (B7) deficiency? - ANS ✓anorexia, glossitis,
depression, nausea
What is the RDA for B7? - ANS ✓30 mcg
Functions of pantothenic acid (B5) - ANS ✓Helps release energy from carbs,
manufacture glucose, and synthesize and degrade fatty acids. Necessary for the
formation of acetylcholine and steroid hormones.
Symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency - ANS ✓fatigue, burning/tingling
sensation in hands/feet
What are the functions of vitamin C? - ANS ✓Helps create collagen, L-carnitine,
and certain neurotransmitters.
What is the RDA for Vitamin C? - ANS ✓90 mg for men, 75 mg for women
HOSA NUTRITION
, 3
HOSA
What is the function of calcium? - ANS ✓blood clotting, muscle contraction,
nerve transmission, hormone/enzyme secretion
What percent of the global population has iron-deficiency anemia? - ANS
✓30%
What is the function of iron? - ANS ✓It transports oxygen to the cells via
haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells.
What inhibits iron absorption? - ANS ✓Phytates (in whole grains and
legumes), tannic acids (in tea), calcium, fiber, and some spices
What counts as a serving of fruit? - ANS ✓1/2 cup of fresh fruit, or 1/4 cup of
dried fruit or 100% fruit juice
What counts as a serving of vegetables? - ANS ✓1 cup of raw leafy veggies, or
1/2 cup of other veggies or vegetable juice
What foods should be combined to form complete proteins? - ANS ✓Whole
grains and legumes (whole grains have methionine and cysteine) or nuts/seeds
and legumes
What is the biggest source of antioxidants in the Standard American Diet? -
ANS ✓coffee (polyphenols)
What are the essential fatty acids? - ANS ✓alpha-linoleic acid and linoleic acid
What are the symptoms of scurvy? - ANS ✓appetite loss, bruising, muscle pain,
bleeding gums or tooth loss
HOSA NUTRITION
, 4
HOSA
What are probiotics? - ANS ✓Live bacteria in certain food or supplements
What are prebiotics? - ANS ✓Nondigestible food ingredients that stimulate the
growth and activity of certain bacteria in the colon
What is Tourette Syndrome? - ANS ✓Characterized by tics (repetitive,
involuntary behaviours such as eye blinking or repetitive, jerky movements).
Behavioral problems such as hyperactivity and impulsivity.
How many carbs per day will cause ketosis? - ANS ✓20-100
What body compartment is directly proportional to BMR? - ANS ✓lean body
mass (cell mass)
What is Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE)? - ANS ✓The energy required to
carry out basic metabolic functions
Which enzymes limit the amount of dietary protein absorbed? - ANS
✓hydrolytic
What are the characteristics of kwashiorkor? - ANS ✓edema, depigmentation,
fatty liver, hypoalbuminemia
What is the protein equivalent of 1 g of nitrogen output? - ANS ✓6.25 g
Which amino acid is only essential for infants? - ANS ✓Arginine
Does fructose flow up or down its concentration gradient? - ANS ✓down
HOSA NUTRITION
