Module 7 - Summary
Inquiry Question 7.1: How are diseases transmitted?
7.1.1a Describe a variety of infectious diseases caused by pathogens, including microorganisms,
macroorganisms and non-cellular pathogens, and collect primary and secondary-sourced data and
information relating to disease transmission, including:
o classifying different pathogens that cause disease in plants and animals
Definitions:
Word Definition
Eukaryote A classification for an organism in the domain category of kingdoms, known for
having either uni or multicellular. Eukaryotes have an average size of 1μm to
100μm. These organisms have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, these
allow the organism to have much more complex functions such as reproduction
and growth.
Prokaryote As well as Eukaryotes a prokaryotic is classified in the domain but they are only
unicellular as in having no cell membrane-bound organelles or a nucleus. Due to
the lack of specialised organelles, these organisms will only be 0.5μm to 10μm in
size.
Micro-organisms Micro-organisms also known as microbes are small organisms that live in energy
where, mostly known to be a form of bacteria, other other types of pathogens that
cause diseases. Microorganisms cannot be seen with the naked eye but can be
found through microscopes.
Macroorganism Macro-organisms also known as macros, are larger organisms that can be seen
with the naked eye and do not need a microscope to identify.
Pathogen A pathogen is a causative agent which facilitates diseases, types of pathogens
include bacteria, fungi, protozoan, viruses and more. They are only classified
through infectious diseases as they contain both living and nonliving organisms.
Cellular pathogen A cellular pathogen is a living organism that facilitates the qualification needed to
spread disease, pathogens are classified as cellular as not all pathogens are
considered living, this is a debatable topic as to how can a disease start from a
non-living body.
Non-cellular A non-cellular pathogen is a disease not composed of cells, these cells are unable
pathogen to reproduce and grow on their own so a host organism is needed. Examples of
Non-cellular pathogens are viruses and prions.
Disease A disease is a disorder or malfunction of the human body caused by either an
infectious disease by pathogens or a noninfectious disease by lifestyle, genes or
malfunction.
1
, Infectious A type of disease which is passed on by pathogens either by direct or indirect
transmission. Many of these can be treated by vaccination as they are easy to
identify.
Virulence: The degree to which the pathogen causes disease, for example a virus is able to
transfer to another host more virulent in a closed area with close contact.
Pathogenicity This refers to the ability of a pathogen to spread diseases, types of pathogens
which do those are bacteria, viruses, prions, fungi, viroids, and parasites causing
disease. Pathogenicity occurs through direct and indirect transmission
Bacteria Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that can be both beneficial and harmful.
Virus A piece of code that is capable of copying itself and typically has a detrimental
effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data
Prion Any of various infectious proteins that are abnormal forms of non-cellular proteins,
that proliferate by inducing the normal protein to convert to the abnormal form, and
that in mammals include pathogenic forms.
Parasite Pathogenic organisms that can live on or within a host organism.
Endoparasite A parasite that lives within a host.
Ectoparasite A parasite that feeds on the external surface of a host.
Questions:
1. List the 6 types of pathogens
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Parasite
Protozoan
Prion
2. Classify the pathogens as cellular and non-cellular. Explaining why a virus and prion are non-cellular.
Bacteria Y
Virus N, A virus is more of a set of instructions which influences the human body to act a certain way for
example the covid 19 virus acted as a sort of cold life illness as it did not kill everyone which was infected
and was much easier for the body to defeat.
Fungi Y
Parasite Y
Protozoan Y
Prion N, They do not contain cells and cannot metabolise
2
Inquiry Question 7.1: How are diseases transmitted?
7.1.1a Describe a variety of infectious diseases caused by pathogens, including microorganisms,
macroorganisms and non-cellular pathogens, and collect primary and secondary-sourced data and
information relating to disease transmission, including:
o classifying different pathogens that cause disease in plants and animals
Definitions:
Word Definition
Eukaryote A classification for an organism in the domain category of kingdoms, known for
having either uni or multicellular. Eukaryotes have an average size of 1μm to
100μm. These organisms have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, these
allow the organism to have much more complex functions such as reproduction
and growth.
Prokaryote As well as Eukaryotes a prokaryotic is classified in the domain but they are only
unicellular as in having no cell membrane-bound organelles or a nucleus. Due to
the lack of specialised organelles, these organisms will only be 0.5μm to 10μm in
size.
Micro-organisms Micro-organisms also known as microbes are small organisms that live in energy
where, mostly known to be a form of bacteria, other other types of pathogens that
cause diseases. Microorganisms cannot be seen with the naked eye but can be
found through microscopes.
Macroorganism Macro-organisms also known as macros, are larger organisms that can be seen
with the naked eye and do not need a microscope to identify.
Pathogen A pathogen is a causative agent which facilitates diseases, types of pathogens
include bacteria, fungi, protozoan, viruses and more. They are only classified
through infectious diseases as they contain both living and nonliving organisms.
Cellular pathogen A cellular pathogen is a living organism that facilitates the qualification needed to
spread disease, pathogens are classified as cellular as not all pathogens are
considered living, this is a debatable topic as to how can a disease start from a
non-living body.
Non-cellular A non-cellular pathogen is a disease not composed of cells, these cells are unable
pathogen to reproduce and grow on their own so a host organism is needed. Examples of
Non-cellular pathogens are viruses and prions.
Disease A disease is a disorder or malfunction of the human body caused by either an
infectious disease by pathogens or a noninfectious disease by lifestyle, genes or
malfunction.
1
, Infectious A type of disease which is passed on by pathogens either by direct or indirect
transmission. Many of these can be treated by vaccination as they are easy to
identify.
Virulence: The degree to which the pathogen causes disease, for example a virus is able to
transfer to another host more virulent in a closed area with close contact.
Pathogenicity This refers to the ability of a pathogen to spread diseases, types of pathogens
which do those are bacteria, viruses, prions, fungi, viroids, and parasites causing
disease. Pathogenicity occurs through direct and indirect transmission
Bacteria Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that can be both beneficial and harmful.
Virus A piece of code that is capable of copying itself and typically has a detrimental
effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data
Prion Any of various infectious proteins that are abnormal forms of non-cellular proteins,
that proliferate by inducing the normal protein to convert to the abnormal form, and
that in mammals include pathogenic forms.
Parasite Pathogenic organisms that can live on or within a host organism.
Endoparasite A parasite that lives within a host.
Ectoparasite A parasite that feeds on the external surface of a host.
Questions:
1. List the 6 types of pathogens
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Parasite
Protozoan
Prion
2. Classify the pathogens as cellular and non-cellular. Explaining why a virus and prion are non-cellular.
Bacteria Y
Virus N, A virus is more of a set of instructions which influences the human body to act a certain way for
example the covid 19 virus acted as a sort of cold life illness as it did not kill everyone which was infected
and was much easier for the body to defeat.
Fungi Y
Parasite Y
Protozoan Y
Prion N, They do not contain cells and cannot metabolise
2
