I. Body Mechanics Furnishes surfaces for the attachment of
- The efficient, coordinated, and safe muscles, tendons, and ligaments which in
use of the body to move objects turn pull on the individual bones and
and carry out activities of daily produce movements.
living.
There are 206 bones in human body
Purpose: classified as-
- Reduced energy requirements, Long bones-
fatigue, risk of injury for both Short bones-
nurses and clients, especially Flat bones-
during lifting, transferring and Irregular bones
repositioning.
TYPES OF FREELY MOVABLE JOINTS
Mobility 1.Ball and socket joint E.g Shoulder and
- Ability to move freely, easily, hip joint.
rhythmically, and purposefully in 2. Condyloid joint-Eg wrist joint.
the environment. 3.Gliding joint Eg Carpal bone of wrist and
tarsal bone of feet
Body movement 4. Hinge joint E.g Elbow joint
- Body movement requires
coordinated muscle activity and
neurological integration.
Four basic Elements:
1. Body alignment (posture)
2. Joint mobility
3. Balance
4. Coordinated movement.
Physiological of movements
- Purposeful coordinated
movements of the body requires
the integrated functioning of the
musculoskeletal and nervous
system.
Skeletal System MUSCULAR SYSTEM
- The framework of bones and ● Bones and joints provides form to
cartilage protects our organs and the body
allows us to move through the ● Muscles helps bone to produce
skeletal system. movement
● The excitability, contractility and
FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL SYSTEM IN elasticity of muscles enable them
BODY MECHANICS to perform
Supports the soft tissues of the -Motion
body(Maintains body form and body -Maintenance of posture.
posture]
, NERVOUS SYSTEM
movement without a functioning nervous
system.
Nerve impulses stimulate muscles to
contract
↓
Afferent nervous system conveys
information from receptors in periphery of
body to the CNS
Nerve cells called neurons conduct
impulses from one part of the body to
another.
↓
• This information is processed by C.N.S
leading to response.
↓
The efferent system conveys the response
from the CNS to the skeletal muscle by
the way of somatic nervous system
IMPORTANCE OF BODY MECHANICS
TYPES OF JOINT MOVEMENT 1. Proper body alignment and posture
prevents fatigue and deformities.
2. Good posture promotes the
physiologic functions of the body.
3. Reduces the expenditure of the
energy
4. Helps to maintain the balance of
the body without undue strain on
the body parts.
5. To prevent strain and injury to the
patient/nurse.
6. To use appropriate technique when
moving the patient
7. To provide safety for the patient
BALANCE
Balance depends on the interrelationship
of the center of gravity, the line of gravity,
and the base of support.
ALIGNMENT AND POSTURE
● LINE OF GRAVITY-an imaginary
vertical line drawn that passes
through the body's center of
gravity.
- The efficient, coordinated, and safe muscles, tendons, and ligaments which in
use of the body to move objects turn pull on the individual bones and
and carry out activities of daily produce movements.
living.
There are 206 bones in human body
Purpose: classified as-
- Reduced energy requirements, Long bones-
fatigue, risk of injury for both Short bones-
nurses and clients, especially Flat bones-
during lifting, transferring and Irregular bones
repositioning.
TYPES OF FREELY MOVABLE JOINTS
Mobility 1.Ball and socket joint E.g Shoulder and
- Ability to move freely, easily, hip joint.
rhythmically, and purposefully in 2. Condyloid joint-Eg wrist joint.
the environment. 3.Gliding joint Eg Carpal bone of wrist and
tarsal bone of feet
Body movement 4. Hinge joint E.g Elbow joint
- Body movement requires
coordinated muscle activity and
neurological integration.
Four basic Elements:
1. Body alignment (posture)
2. Joint mobility
3. Balance
4. Coordinated movement.
Physiological of movements
- Purposeful coordinated
movements of the body requires
the integrated functioning of the
musculoskeletal and nervous
system.
Skeletal System MUSCULAR SYSTEM
- The framework of bones and ● Bones and joints provides form to
cartilage protects our organs and the body
allows us to move through the ● Muscles helps bone to produce
skeletal system. movement
● The excitability, contractility and
FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL SYSTEM IN elasticity of muscles enable them
BODY MECHANICS to perform
Supports the soft tissues of the -Motion
body(Maintains body form and body -Maintenance of posture.
posture]
, NERVOUS SYSTEM
movement without a functioning nervous
system.
Nerve impulses stimulate muscles to
contract
↓
Afferent nervous system conveys
information from receptors in periphery of
body to the CNS
Nerve cells called neurons conduct
impulses from one part of the body to
another.
↓
• This information is processed by C.N.S
leading to response.
↓
The efferent system conveys the response
from the CNS to the skeletal muscle by
the way of somatic nervous system
IMPORTANCE OF BODY MECHANICS
TYPES OF JOINT MOVEMENT 1. Proper body alignment and posture
prevents fatigue and deformities.
2. Good posture promotes the
physiologic functions of the body.
3. Reduces the expenditure of the
energy
4. Helps to maintain the balance of
the body without undue strain on
the body parts.
5. To prevent strain and injury to the
patient/nurse.
6. To use appropriate technique when
moving the patient
7. To provide safety for the patient
BALANCE
Balance depends on the interrelationship
of the center of gravity, the line of gravity,
and the base of support.
ALIGNMENT AND POSTURE
● LINE OF GRAVITY-an imaginary
vertical line drawn that passes
through the body's center of
gravity.
