MedSurg Final Exam Practice EXAM 2025-
2026 LATEST UPDATE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWER latest update may
The nurse is admitting a patient with the diagnosis of advanced renal carcinoma. Based
upon this diagnosis, the nurse will expect to find which of the following as the "classic
triad" of presenting symptoms occurring in patients with renal cancer?
A. Fever, chills, flank pain
B. Hematuria, flank pain, palpable mass
C. Hematuria, proteinuria, palpable mass
D. Flank pain, palpable abdominal mass, and proteinuria - answer>>>B. Hematuria, flank
pain, palpable mass
Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate in providing care for an adult
patient with newly diagnosed adult onset polycystic kidney disease (PKD)?
A. Help the patient cope with the rapid progression of the disease.
B. Suggest genetic counseling resources for the children of the patient.
C. Expect the patient to have polyuria and poor concentration ability of the kidneys.
D. Implement appropriate measures for the patient's deafness and blindness in addition
to the renal problems. - answer>>>B. Suggest genetic counseling resources for the
children of the patient.
An elderly male patient visits his primary care provider because of burning on urination
and production of urine that he describes as "foul smelling." The health care provider
should assess the patient for which of the following factors that may dispose him to
urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
A. High-purine diet
B. Sedentary lifestyle
C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
,D. Recent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics - answer>>>C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
(BPH)
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has been admitted to the hospital for the
treatment of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following is a priority nursing
assessment in the care of this patient?
A. Assessment of pain and level of consciousness
B. Assessment of serum calcium and phosphorus levels
C. Blood pressure and assessment for orthostatic hypotension
D. Daily weights and measurement of the patient's abdominal girth - answer>>>D. Daily
weights and measurement of the patient's abdominal girth
Which of the following nursing diagnoses is a priority in the care of a patient with renal
calculi?
A. Acute pain
B. Deficient fluid volume
C. Risk for constipation
D. Risk for powerlessness - answer>>>A. Acute pain
Eight months after the delivery of her first child, a 31-year-old woman has sought care
because of occasional incontinence that she experiences when sneezing or laughing.
Which of the following measures should the nurse first recommend in an attempt to
resolve the woman's incontinence?
A. Kegel exercises
B. Use of adult incontinence pads
C. Intermittent self-catheterization
D. Dietary changes including fluid restriction - answer>>>A. Kegel exercise
, The nurse preparing to administer a dose of PhosLo to a patient with chronic kidney
disease would interpret that this medication should have a beneficial effect on which of
the following laboratory values of the patient?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Magnesium
D. Phosphorus - answer>>>D. Phosphorus
When caring for a patient during the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, which of the
following would be an appropriate nursing intervention?
A. Weigh patient three times weekly.
B. Increase dietary sodium and potassium.
C. Provide a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet.
D. Restrict fluids according to previous daily loss. - answer>>>D. Restrict fluids according
to previous daily loss.
Which of the following statements by the nurse regarding continuous ambulatory
peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) would be of highest priority when teaching a patient new to
this procedure?
A. "It is essential that you maintain aseptic technique to prevent peritonitis."
B. "You will be allowed a more liberal protein diet once you complete CAPD."
C. "It is important for you to maintain a daily written record of blood pressure and
weight."
D. "You will need to continue regular medical and nursing follow-up visits while
performing CAPD." - answer>>>A. "It is essential that you maintain aseptic technique to
prevent peritonitis."
A patient with a history of end-stage renal disease secondary to diabetes mellitus has
presented to the outpatient dialysis unit for his scheduled hemodialysis. Which of the
following assessments should the nurse prioritize before, during, and after his
treatment?
2026 LATEST UPDATE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWER latest update may
The nurse is admitting a patient with the diagnosis of advanced renal carcinoma. Based
upon this diagnosis, the nurse will expect to find which of the following as the "classic
triad" of presenting symptoms occurring in patients with renal cancer?
A. Fever, chills, flank pain
B. Hematuria, flank pain, palpable mass
C. Hematuria, proteinuria, palpable mass
D. Flank pain, palpable abdominal mass, and proteinuria - answer>>>B. Hematuria, flank
pain, palpable mass
Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate in providing care for an adult
patient with newly diagnosed adult onset polycystic kidney disease (PKD)?
A. Help the patient cope with the rapid progression of the disease.
B. Suggest genetic counseling resources for the children of the patient.
C. Expect the patient to have polyuria and poor concentration ability of the kidneys.
D. Implement appropriate measures for the patient's deafness and blindness in addition
to the renal problems. - answer>>>B. Suggest genetic counseling resources for the
children of the patient.
An elderly male patient visits his primary care provider because of burning on urination
and production of urine that he describes as "foul smelling." The health care provider
should assess the patient for which of the following factors that may dispose him to
urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
A. High-purine diet
B. Sedentary lifestyle
C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
,D. Recent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics - answer>>>C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
(BPH)
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has been admitted to the hospital for the
treatment of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following is a priority nursing
assessment in the care of this patient?
A. Assessment of pain and level of consciousness
B. Assessment of serum calcium and phosphorus levels
C. Blood pressure and assessment for orthostatic hypotension
D. Daily weights and measurement of the patient's abdominal girth - answer>>>D. Daily
weights and measurement of the patient's abdominal girth
Which of the following nursing diagnoses is a priority in the care of a patient with renal
calculi?
A. Acute pain
B. Deficient fluid volume
C. Risk for constipation
D. Risk for powerlessness - answer>>>A. Acute pain
Eight months after the delivery of her first child, a 31-year-old woman has sought care
because of occasional incontinence that she experiences when sneezing or laughing.
Which of the following measures should the nurse first recommend in an attempt to
resolve the woman's incontinence?
A. Kegel exercises
B. Use of adult incontinence pads
C. Intermittent self-catheterization
D. Dietary changes including fluid restriction - answer>>>A. Kegel exercise
, The nurse preparing to administer a dose of PhosLo to a patient with chronic kidney
disease would interpret that this medication should have a beneficial effect on which of
the following laboratory values of the patient?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Magnesium
D. Phosphorus - answer>>>D. Phosphorus
When caring for a patient during the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, which of the
following would be an appropriate nursing intervention?
A. Weigh patient three times weekly.
B. Increase dietary sodium and potassium.
C. Provide a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet.
D. Restrict fluids according to previous daily loss. - answer>>>D. Restrict fluids according
to previous daily loss.
Which of the following statements by the nurse regarding continuous ambulatory
peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) would be of highest priority when teaching a patient new to
this procedure?
A. "It is essential that you maintain aseptic technique to prevent peritonitis."
B. "You will be allowed a more liberal protein diet once you complete CAPD."
C. "It is important for you to maintain a daily written record of blood pressure and
weight."
D. "You will need to continue regular medical and nursing follow-up visits while
performing CAPD." - answer>>>A. "It is essential that you maintain aseptic technique to
prevent peritonitis."
A patient with a history of end-stage renal disease secondary to diabetes mellitus has
presented to the outpatient dialysis unit for his scheduled hemodialysis. Which of the
following assessments should the nurse prioritize before, during, and after his
treatment?
