ATI Medical-Surgical Practice
Test: Immune and Infectious
Exam Questions with
Complete Answers
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has had systemic scleroderma for 5 years. In addition to skin
changes, which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Excessive salivation
B. Finger contractures
C. Periorbital edema
D. Alopecia - Correct Answers: B. Finger contractures
Scleroderma is a chronic disease that can cause thickening, hardening or tightening of the skin, blood
vessels and internal organs. There are 2 types: localized scleroderma, which mainly affects the skin, and
systemic scleroderma which may affect many internal organs. The symptoms include skin changes,
Raynaud's disease, arthritis, muscle weakness, and dry mucous membranes. With scleroderma, the body
produces and deposits too much collagen, causing thickening and hardening. in addition to the clients
skin and subcutaneous tissues becoming increasing hard and rigid, the extremities stiffen and lose
mobility. Contractures develop with advanced systemic scleroderma unless clients follow a regimen of
range of motion and muscle strengthening exercises
A nurse is caring for a client who is HIV-positive is reinforcing teaching about the earliest manifestations
of AIDS. The nurse explains that they include which of the following?
A. Persistent fever, swollen glands, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue
B. Elevated WBC count
C. Increased blood pressure, tachycardia, dyspnea and edema
D. Influenza-like symptoms including fatigue, sore throat, muscle pain, headache and swollen glands -
Correct Answers: A. Persistent fever, swollen glands, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue
A client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is concerned about skin lesions on the face
and neck. the client asks the nurse, "what should I do about these spots?" which of the following nursing
responses is appropriate?
, A. "Keep the lesions covered with a light sterile dressing when going outdoors"
B. "There is not much you can do. The lesions will go away when your disease is in remission"
C. "Apply moisturizer after bathing the lesions with warm water"
D. "Apply antibiotic cream twice a day until scabs form on the lesions" - Correct Answers: C. "Apply
moisturizer after bathing the lesions with warm water"
A client who tests positive for the human immmunodeficiency virus (HIV) asks the nurse, " should i tell
my partner that I am an HIV positive/" which of the following is appropriate nursing response?
A. "That is your decision alone"
B. "I would if I were you"
C. "You aren't sure what to say to your partner?"
D. "We are required by law to notify your partner" - Correct Answers: C. "You aren't sure what to say to
your partner?"
A nurse has prepared a sign to hang outside of the room of a client who is on contact precautions
because of a confirmed MRSA infection. Which sign, if prepared by the nurse, would indicate a
knowledge deficit? - Correct Answers: Graphic 4: isolation mask is not necessary with contact
precautions
A client with reactive airway disease is tested and found to have an allergy to dust mites. The nurse
determines that the client understands how to reduce her exposure to this allergen when she states
which of the following?
A. "I'll run a room humidifier in my bedroom every night"
B. "Carpeting the entire house will be very expensive, but it will be worth it"
C. "Washing all the bed linens in hot water every week will be time-consuming"
D. "I'll apply insect repellent sparingly to any exposed parts when I'm outdoors" - Correct Answers: C.
"Washing all the bed linens in hot water every week will be time-consuming"
Dust mites are vulnerable to high temperatures and because a client may spend up to 1/3 of the day in
bed, actions to reduce exposure in bedroom are essential
A client has been diagnosed with Raynaud's disease, when reinforcing teaching with the client, the nurse
should include information about which of the following?
Test: Immune and Infectious
Exam Questions with
Complete Answers
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has had systemic scleroderma for 5 years. In addition to skin
changes, which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Excessive salivation
B. Finger contractures
C. Periorbital edema
D. Alopecia - Correct Answers: B. Finger contractures
Scleroderma is a chronic disease that can cause thickening, hardening or tightening of the skin, blood
vessels and internal organs. There are 2 types: localized scleroderma, which mainly affects the skin, and
systemic scleroderma which may affect many internal organs. The symptoms include skin changes,
Raynaud's disease, arthritis, muscle weakness, and dry mucous membranes. With scleroderma, the body
produces and deposits too much collagen, causing thickening and hardening. in addition to the clients
skin and subcutaneous tissues becoming increasing hard and rigid, the extremities stiffen and lose
mobility. Contractures develop with advanced systemic scleroderma unless clients follow a regimen of
range of motion and muscle strengthening exercises
A nurse is caring for a client who is HIV-positive is reinforcing teaching about the earliest manifestations
of AIDS. The nurse explains that they include which of the following?
A. Persistent fever, swollen glands, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue
B. Elevated WBC count
C. Increased blood pressure, tachycardia, dyspnea and edema
D. Influenza-like symptoms including fatigue, sore throat, muscle pain, headache and swollen glands -
Correct Answers: A. Persistent fever, swollen glands, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue
A client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is concerned about skin lesions on the face
and neck. the client asks the nurse, "what should I do about these spots?" which of the following nursing
responses is appropriate?
, A. "Keep the lesions covered with a light sterile dressing when going outdoors"
B. "There is not much you can do. The lesions will go away when your disease is in remission"
C. "Apply moisturizer after bathing the lesions with warm water"
D. "Apply antibiotic cream twice a day until scabs form on the lesions" - Correct Answers: C. "Apply
moisturizer after bathing the lesions with warm water"
A client who tests positive for the human immmunodeficiency virus (HIV) asks the nurse, " should i tell
my partner that I am an HIV positive/" which of the following is appropriate nursing response?
A. "That is your decision alone"
B. "I would if I were you"
C. "You aren't sure what to say to your partner?"
D. "We are required by law to notify your partner" - Correct Answers: C. "You aren't sure what to say to
your partner?"
A nurse has prepared a sign to hang outside of the room of a client who is on contact precautions
because of a confirmed MRSA infection. Which sign, if prepared by the nurse, would indicate a
knowledge deficit? - Correct Answers: Graphic 4: isolation mask is not necessary with contact
precautions
A client with reactive airway disease is tested and found to have an allergy to dust mites. The nurse
determines that the client understands how to reduce her exposure to this allergen when she states
which of the following?
A. "I'll run a room humidifier in my bedroom every night"
B. "Carpeting the entire house will be very expensive, but it will be worth it"
C. "Washing all the bed linens in hot water every week will be time-consuming"
D. "I'll apply insect repellent sparingly to any exposed parts when I'm outdoors" - Correct Answers: C.
"Washing all the bed linens in hot water every week will be time-consuming"
Dust mites are vulnerable to high temperatures and because a client may spend up to 1/3 of the day in
bed, actions to reduce exposure in bedroom are essential
A client has been diagnosed with Raynaud's disease, when reinforcing teaching with the client, the nurse
should include information about which of the following?
