1|Page
BRUNNER & SUDDARTH'S TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL
NURSING 2023/2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Which neurotransmitter is implicated in depression?
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine
Atropine
Serotonin - ANSWER-Serotonin
Older adults, who are more subject to falls, may fracture one or more ribs and be more
susceptible to which condition after a rib fracture?
Pneumonia
Asthma attacks
Confusion
Bronchospasm - ANSWER-Pneumonia
During a home visit, the nurse notes that an older adult's health status has not improved with
prescribed medications. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client may not be
adhering to the prescribed medication regimen?
"I put my morning medications next to my bed to take first thing in the morning."
"My neighbor brought me a pill box with compartments to organize my medications."
"That one little white pill that I take in the morning makes me feel sleepy all day."
"My pharmacy delivers, and I can pay the bill once a month when my check arrives." - ANSWER-
"That one little white pill that I take in the morning makes me feel sleepy all day."
,2|Page
The client asks the nurse why she seems to have bone changes since she has gotten older. What
is the best response by the nurse?
"Bone changes from aging result from a loss of magnesium."
"Bone changes from aging result from most medication therapies."
"Bone changes from aging result from a loss of calcium."
"Bone changes from aging result from a loss of vitamin absorption." - ANSWER-"Bone changes
from aging result from a loss of calcium."
The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?
Increased residual lung volume
Increased vital capacity
Increased diffusion capacity
Increased cough efficiency - ANSWER-Increased residual lung volume
A client with Alzheimer disease becomes agitated while the nurse is attempting to take vital
signs. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
Place the client in a secluded room until calm.
Document the inability to assess vital signs due to client's agitation.
Continue taking the vital signs.
Distract the client with a familiar object or music. - ANSWER-Distract the client with a familiar
object or music.
The nurse is working in a long-term care facility. When assessing her patients, what body system
dysfunction should the nurse look for as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the
older adult population?
Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal
, 3|Page
Respiratory
Genitourinary - ANSWER-Cardiovascular
The family of an older adult seeks medical attention for the client because of an increase in
inappropriate responses and avoidance of social interactions. On which body area will the nurse
focus when assessing the client?
Genitourinary system
Hearing
Respiratory system
Digestion - ANSWER-Hearing
Which is a factor that contributes to urinary incontinence in older female adults?
Detrusor stability
Increased bladder capacity
Relaxed perineal muscle
Decreased urinary residual - ANSWER-Relaxed perineal muscle
The nurse is attempting to take vital signs of an older adult hospitalized following knee surgery.
The client continuously yells, "It's 1999 and you are going to hurt me!" What action should the
nurse do first?
Assess for infection.
Reorient the patient.
Notify the physician.
Take the vital signs. - ANSWER-Reorient the patient.
To encourage adequate nutritional intake for a client with Alzheimer's disease, a nurse should:
help the client fill out his menu.
BRUNNER & SUDDARTH'S TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL
NURSING 2023/2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Which neurotransmitter is implicated in depression?
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine
Atropine
Serotonin - ANSWER-Serotonin
Older adults, who are more subject to falls, may fracture one or more ribs and be more
susceptible to which condition after a rib fracture?
Pneumonia
Asthma attacks
Confusion
Bronchospasm - ANSWER-Pneumonia
During a home visit, the nurse notes that an older adult's health status has not improved with
prescribed medications. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client may not be
adhering to the prescribed medication regimen?
"I put my morning medications next to my bed to take first thing in the morning."
"My neighbor brought me a pill box with compartments to organize my medications."
"That one little white pill that I take in the morning makes me feel sleepy all day."
"My pharmacy delivers, and I can pay the bill once a month when my check arrives." - ANSWER-
"That one little white pill that I take in the morning makes me feel sleepy all day."
,2|Page
The client asks the nurse why she seems to have bone changes since she has gotten older. What
is the best response by the nurse?
"Bone changes from aging result from a loss of magnesium."
"Bone changes from aging result from most medication therapies."
"Bone changes from aging result from a loss of calcium."
"Bone changes from aging result from a loss of vitamin absorption." - ANSWER-"Bone changes
from aging result from a loss of calcium."
The nurse identifies which of the following as an age-related change in the respiratory system?
Increased residual lung volume
Increased vital capacity
Increased diffusion capacity
Increased cough efficiency - ANSWER-Increased residual lung volume
A client with Alzheimer disease becomes agitated while the nurse is attempting to take vital
signs. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
Place the client in a secluded room until calm.
Document the inability to assess vital signs due to client's agitation.
Continue taking the vital signs.
Distract the client with a familiar object or music. - ANSWER-Distract the client with a familiar
object or music.
The nurse is working in a long-term care facility. When assessing her patients, what body system
dysfunction should the nurse look for as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the
older adult population?
Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal
, 3|Page
Respiratory
Genitourinary - ANSWER-Cardiovascular
The family of an older adult seeks medical attention for the client because of an increase in
inappropriate responses and avoidance of social interactions. On which body area will the nurse
focus when assessing the client?
Genitourinary system
Hearing
Respiratory system
Digestion - ANSWER-Hearing
Which is a factor that contributes to urinary incontinence in older female adults?
Detrusor stability
Increased bladder capacity
Relaxed perineal muscle
Decreased urinary residual - ANSWER-Relaxed perineal muscle
The nurse is attempting to take vital signs of an older adult hospitalized following knee surgery.
The client continuously yells, "It's 1999 and you are going to hurt me!" What action should the
nurse do first?
Assess for infection.
Reorient the patient.
Notify the physician.
Take the vital signs. - ANSWER-Reorient the patient.
To encourage adequate nutritional intake for a client with Alzheimer's disease, a nurse should:
help the client fill out his menu.
