FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 10TH EDITION LIPPINCOTT - TEST BANK CHAPTER 37 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION

FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 10TH EDITION LIPPINCOTT - TEST BANK CHAPTER 37 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION A DIETITIAN IS PROVIDING AN IN-SERVICE FOR THE NURSES ON A MEDICAL-SURGICAL UNIT. DURING THE IN-SERVICE, SHE INFORMS THE GROUP THAT THERE ARE SIX CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS, AND THREE SUPPLY THE BODY WITH ENERGY. WHAT ARE THE THREE SOURCES OF ENERGY? A) CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEIN, AND LIPIDS B) VITAMINS, MINERALS, AND WATER C) CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEIN, AND WATER D) LIPIDS, VITAMINS, AND MINERALS A) Carbohydrates, protein, and lipids. OF THE SIX CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS, THREE SUPPLY ENERGY (CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEIN, AND LIPIDS), AND THREE ARE NEEDED TO REGULATE BODY PROCESSES (VITAMINS, MINERALS, AND WATER). IN PLANNING TO MEET THE NUTRITIONAL NEEDS OF A CRITICALLY ILL CLIENT IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT, WHICH FACTOR WILL INCREASE THE CLIENT'S BASAL METABOLIC RATE? A) INFECTION B) ADVANCED AGE C) PROLONGED FASTING D) LONG PERIODS OF SLEEP A) Infection FACTORS THAT INCREASE A PERSON'S BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR) INCLUDE GROWTH, INFECTIONS, FEVER, EMOTIONAL TENSION, EXTREME ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES, AND ELEVATED LEVELS OF CERTAIN HORMONES (EPINEPHRINE AND THYROID HORMONES). AGING, PROLONGED FASTING, AND SLEEP ALL DECREASE BMR. 2 | Page A CLIENT IS INTERESTED IN LOSING 15 POUNDS, AND SHE INFORMS THE NURSE SHE IS COUNTING HER CALORIE INTAKE EACH DAY. THE CLIENT HAS A GOAL OF LOSING ONE POUND A WEEK UNTIL SHE REACHES HER GOAL. THE CLIENT ASKS THE NURSE HOW MANY CALORIES SHE SHOULD DECREASE DAILY TO LOSE A POUND A WEEK. WHAT IS THE NURSE'S BEST RESPONSE? A) 500 CALORIES/DAY B) 200 CALORIES/DAY C) 300 CALORIES/DAY D) 400 CALORIES/DAY A) 500 calories/day TO LOSE 1 POUND (0.45 KG) IN A WEEK, DAILY CALORIE INTAKE SHOULD BE DECREASED BY 500 CALORIES A DAY. ONE POUND OF BODY FAT EQUALS ABOUT 3,500 CALORIES; 3,500 CALORIES DIVIDED BY 7 DAYS = 500 CALORIES/DAY. THE NURSE CARING FOR A CLIENT FOR SEVERAL DAYS HAS ASSESSED THAT HE HAS BEEN EATING POORLY DURING HIS HOSPITALIZATION. WHICH NURSING MEASURE SHOULD THE NURSE IMPLEMENT TO ASSIST THE CLIENT IN IMPROVING HIS NUTRITIONAL INTAKE? A) ENCOURAGE HIS DAUGHTER TO PREPARE FOOD AT HOME AND BRING IT TO THE CLIENT. B) SERVE LARGE MEALS AND ENCOURAGE THE CLIENT TO EAT AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. C) PROVIDE DISTRACTIONS WHILE THE CLIENT IS FED SO THAT HE WILL EAT MORE. D) PROVIDE BLAND MEALS. A) Encourage his daughter to prepare food at home and bring it to the client. THE NURSE SHOULD SOLICIT FOOD PREFERENCES AND ENCOURAGE FAVORITE FOODS FROM HOME, WHEN POSSIBLE. BE SURE THE FOODS LOOK ATTRACTIVE AND THE EATING AREA IS FREE OF ODORS, CLUTTER, AND DISTRACTIONS DURING MEALTIME. PROVIDE SMALL, FREQUENT MEALS TO AVOID OVERWHELMING THE CLIENT WITH LARGE AMOUNTS OF FOOD. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING NUTRITIONAL GUIDELINES SHOULD A NURSE PROVIDE TO A CLIENT WHO IS ENTERING THE SECOND TRIMESTER OF HER PREGNANCY? A) "YOU'LL NEED TO EAT MORE CALORIES AND TO MAKE SURE YOU EAT A BALANCED DIET HIGH IN NUTRIENTS." B) "TRY TO EAT YOUR NORMAL NUMBER OF CALORIES, BUT AIM TO EAT A DIET THAT'S HIGHER IN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES." C) "THE MORE FOOD ENERGY YOU CONSUME, THE GREATER THE CHANCES THAT YOU WILL 3 | Page HAVE A HEALTHY PREGNANCY." D) "MAINTAIN YOUR REGULAR CALORIE INTAKE, BUT TAKE SOME SUPPLEMENTS AND EMPHASIZE ORGANIC FOODS." A) "You'll need to eat more calories and to make sure you eat a balanced diet high in nutrients." NUTRIENT NEEDS DURING PREGNANCY INCREASE TO SUPPORT GROWTH AND MAINTAIN MATERNAL HOMEOSTASIS, PARTICULARLY DURING THE SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTERS. DURING THE LAST TWO TRIMESTERS, WOMEN OF NORMAL WEIGHT NEED APPROXIMATELY 300 EXTRA CALORIES PER DAY. KEY NUTRIENT NEEDS INCLUDE PROTEIN, CALORIES, IRON, FOLIC ACID, CALCIUM, AND IODINE. IT WOULD BE INACCURATE TO ENCOURAGE THE CLIENT TO MAXIMIZE CALORIE INTAKE. THE NURSE IS TESTING THE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS OF A CLIENT WITH A HISTORY OF DIABETES. THE NURSE HAS PERFORMED HAND HYGIENE, CHECKED THE ORDER, INFORMED THE CLIENT AND TURNED ON THE MONITOR. AFTER REMOVING A TEST STRIP FROM THE VIAL, THE NURSE SHOULD DO WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING? A) CONFIRM THAT THE STRIP AND THE METER SHARE THE SAME CODE. B) MASSAGE THE CLIENT'S FINGER TOWARD THE SELECTED PUNCTURE SITE. C) CLEANSE THE CLIENT'S FINGER WITH ALCOHOL. D) PIERCE THE CLIENT'S SKIN WITH THE LANCET. A) Confirm that the strip and the meter share the same code. IT IS IMPORTANT TO CONFIRM THAT THE CODE ON THE STRIP AND THE METER MATCH. THIS SHOULD PRECEDE MASSAGING AND CLEANSING THE CLIENT'S FINGER OR PIERCING HIS/HER SKIN. A CLIENT IS DISCUSSING WEIGHT LOSS WITH A NURSE. THE PATIENT SAYS, "I WILL NOT EAT FOR TWO WEEKS, THEN I WILL LOSE AT LEAST 10 POUNDS." WHAT SHOULD THE NURSE TELL THE CLIENT? A) "WHAT A GOOD IDEA. GO AHEAD. THAT WILL JUMP START YOUR WEIGHT LOSS!" B) "MANY PEOPLE FIND THAT TO BE AN IDEAL WAY TO LOSE WEIGHT QUICKLY AND EASILY." C) "THAT WILL INCREASE YOUR METABOLIC RATE AND HELP YOU LOSE WEIGHT." D) "THAT WILL DECREASE YOUR METABOLIC RATE AND MAKE WEIGHT LOSS MORE DIFFICULT." 4 | Page D) "That will decrease your metabolic rate and make weight loss more difficult." MOST NUTRITIONISTS AGREE THAT FASTING OR FOLLOWING A VERY LOW-CALORIE DIET DEFEATS A WEIGHT-LOSS PLAN BECAUSE THE BODY INTERPRETS THIS EATING PATTERN AS STARVATION, AND COMPENSATES BY SLOWING DOWN THE BASAL METABOLIC RATE, MAKING IT EVEN MORE DIFFICULT TO LOSE WEIGHT. WHICH CLIENT WILL HAVE AN INCREASED META