Native American Societies Before 1492 UNIT1
N A 's into DIVERSE cultures based on
geography
organized
·
.
.
East
·
Hopewell
-
extensive trade
Cahokia
-
ION30kX
-
extensive trade
Northeast
Iroquois
long houses
-
Pacific Northwest :
-
Maize , squash ,beals
-
lived by sea
-
relied on elk
Chinook
-
giant plank houses (v10 members)
Chumash
-
California E
but L
huntergatherers perm
-
Plains- Great BasM :
Ute
-
nomadic , hunter gathere larid)
South West :
Pueblo
sedentary
-
-
farmed maize & other crops
-
E : adobe
masonry homes on
flat & in cliffs
-
highly organized : admin , arts,
crafts, ...
r
Central South America
.
:
Aztels for
fertility
&
Capital Tenochtitian (300K)
↑
-
:
written o
Irrigation v, human sacrifice
at
-
system ,
allculted Maya
nuritusa Yucatan peninsula
-
irrigation H20 stone temples &
devs
storage giant
-
, ,
.
palaces forrulers (gods' descendant)
In ca
- Andes .
mount (Peru
-
16M X ,
cultivation of fertile mount -
Valleys
(farming potatoes) Irrigation ,
, UNIT 1
European Exploration in the Americas
Eur # Aztecs could dev perm Cities
reason for exploration : .
.
.
-
pop ↑ '(maily) Staplecrops > support
-
(monarchs arise) pop. growth
-
political unification
desire
-
Luxury goods
-
unable to trade w Asia on their own (land based trade controlled by Musims)
Exploration attempts
Portugal
Prince Henry the Navigator
Africa > Indian trade dommance
around rading post empire > ocean
- - -
Caravels , maritime charts to plan astrolabe navigation
-
how :
updated route , +
Spain
Christopher Columbus (Isabella funds ( * Encommenda
system : est .
by Spanish crown
, permission for explorers or
from Sansalvador officials extract tribute from natives FORCED LABOR >
-
gold & N A
. . enslaved to ,
-
plantation econ
support
· Set up Columbian exchange
The Columbian
Exchange Spanish Exploration
,
and
conquest
Columbian exchange
diseases between Africa Europe and the Americas
-
transfer of food animals , minerals , ,
ppl ,
, ,
-
transformed econ , env , societies of all 3 continents
·
Transfer of disease
-
Tenochtitian /pop : 200k ~400K) fall to Cortez's forces (1k)
& killed in Tenochtitlan
Spanish small pox many
& (ex) Arawak & Taino 300k died from smallpox
people :
In cas :
(1530-pop : 9 M + ~1630 :
500K)
Aztes + Mayas :
40M + 3 M (150rs later from 1830)
of food
Exchange
·
Americas
> Eur Eur/Afr-Amer -
Maize Rice America
staplefood item tranformed pop in
:
TomatoesWheat
Gold Soybeans
Potatoes Horses
Silver Rye
Cacao pigs
outs
cattle
Tobacco Lenons
Chickens
Oranges
aa
·
Gold. Silver
Ne
Attracted European colonizers to Amer .
-
Transformed Eur: economic growth
Feudalism (peasants work on noble's land -
peasants get protection) -
> Capitalism (private ownership freetrade
-
,
·
People
-
N A
.
. enslaved > -
Spain
-
Africans captured in Afr .
coast > -
crammedships , middle passage -> sold as property
was drive by mercantilism
·
Spanish Colonization
heavy gou direction & intervention
N A 's into DIVERSE cultures based on
geography
organized
·
.
.
East
·
Hopewell
-
extensive trade
Cahokia
-
ION30kX
-
extensive trade
Northeast
Iroquois
long houses
-
Pacific Northwest :
-
Maize , squash ,beals
-
lived by sea
-
relied on elk
Chinook
-
giant plank houses (v10 members)
Chumash
-
California E
but L
huntergatherers perm
-
Plains- Great BasM :
Ute
-
nomadic , hunter gathere larid)
South West :
Pueblo
sedentary
-
-
farmed maize & other crops
-
E : adobe
masonry homes on
flat & in cliffs
-
highly organized : admin , arts,
crafts, ...
r
Central South America
.
:
Aztels for
fertility
&
Capital Tenochtitian (300K)
↑
-
:
written o
Irrigation v, human sacrifice
at
-
system ,
allculted Maya
nuritusa Yucatan peninsula
-
irrigation H20 stone temples &
devs
storage giant
-
, ,
.
palaces forrulers (gods' descendant)
In ca
- Andes .
mount (Peru
-
16M X ,
cultivation of fertile mount -
Valleys
(farming potatoes) Irrigation ,
, UNIT 1
European Exploration in the Americas
Eur # Aztecs could dev perm Cities
reason for exploration : .
.
.
-
pop ↑ '(maily) Staplecrops > support
-
(monarchs arise) pop. growth
-
political unification
desire
-
Luxury goods
-
unable to trade w Asia on their own (land based trade controlled by Musims)
Exploration attempts
Portugal
Prince Henry the Navigator
Africa > Indian trade dommance
around rading post empire > ocean
- - -
Caravels , maritime charts to plan astrolabe navigation
-
how :
updated route , +
Spain
Christopher Columbus (Isabella funds ( * Encommenda
system : est .
by Spanish crown
, permission for explorers or
from Sansalvador officials extract tribute from natives FORCED LABOR >
-
gold & N A
. . enslaved to ,
-
plantation econ
support
· Set up Columbian exchange
The Columbian
Exchange Spanish Exploration
,
and
conquest
Columbian exchange
diseases between Africa Europe and the Americas
-
transfer of food animals , minerals , ,
ppl ,
, ,
-
transformed econ , env , societies of all 3 continents
·
Transfer of disease
-
Tenochtitian /pop : 200k ~400K) fall to Cortez's forces (1k)
& killed in Tenochtitlan
Spanish small pox many
& (ex) Arawak & Taino 300k died from smallpox
people :
In cas :
(1530-pop : 9 M + ~1630 :
500K)
Aztes + Mayas :
40M + 3 M (150rs later from 1830)
of food
Exchange
·
Americas
> Eur Eur/Afr-Amer -
Maize Rice America
staplefood item tranformed pop in
:
TomatoesWheat
Gold Soybeans
Potatoes Horses
Silver Rye
Cacao pigs
outs
cattle
Tobacco Lenons
Chickens
Oranges
aa
·
Gold. Silver
Ne
Attracted European colonizers to Amer .
-
Transformed Eur: economic growth
Feudalism (peasants work on noble's land -
peasants get protection) -
> Capitalism (private ownership freetrade
-
,
·
People
-
N A
.
. enslaved > -
Spain
-
Africans captured in Afr .
coast > -
crammedships , middle passage -> sold as property
was drive by mercantilism
·
Spanish Colonization
heavy gou direction & intervention
