CAMRT EXAM ALL COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is a Pott's Fracture? - ANSWER- Fracture of the ankle, involving the malleoli:
First degree Pott's=fractures involving one malleolus, Second degree Pott's
(bimalleolar)=fractures involving both malleoli, Third degree Pott's
(trimalleolar)=bimalleolar fracture with a fracture of the posteroinferior surface of the
tibia
What is a Compound Fracture? - ANSWER- A wound in communication with the
fracture; susceptible to infection; blood loss may be significant
Explain what a comminuted fracture is and the two different types. - ANSWER-
Fracture with more than two bone fragments; Segmental=divides the long bone into
several fragments; Butterfly=wedge-shaped fragment split off from the main fragment
What is considered the Sterile Corridor? - ANSWER- The area in the operating room
between the patient drape and the instrument table
How should the lower extremity be rotated for an AP projection of the proximal femur? -
ANSWER- 15 degrees internally
What part of the gown is considered sterile in the OR? - ANSWER- From the waist to
the shoulders in the front, and the sleeves from 2" above the elbow to the cuffs
What does COW stand for? - ANSWER- Circle of Willis
What is number 1 in the picture? - ANSWER- Anterior Cerebral Artery
Study the Circle of Willis - ANSWER-
Describe the hip localization method - ANSWER- Imagine a line from the ASIS to
symphysis pubis and at midpoint of that line, imagine a perpendicular line, moving 1.5"
distally to locate the femoral head. This perpendicular line will also aid in judging the
angle of the femoral neck. The two will be exactly the same
What is the central ray for an AP knee image on patient who is considered to have a
,sthenic body habitus? - ANSWER- Perpendicular to the knee joint
What is included on a CT head? - ANSWER- From base of skull to cranial vertex
Which vessel ascends through the cervical transverse foramina? - ANSWER- Vertebral
artery
What three vessels provide oxygenated blood to the heart? - ANSWER- The left and
right Coronary Arteries and the Circumflex Artery
What are the two types of target interactions that can produce diagnostic-range x-ray
photons? - ANSWER- Bremsstrahlung and Characteristic
What should be superimposed on an ideal AP Odontoid that clearly demonstrates the
tip of the dens? - ANSWER- Occlusal surface of upper central incisors and the base of
the skull
Why are patients to remain NPO prior to any surgical procedures? - ANSWER- They
should have nothing by mouth to reduce any chance of aspiration caused by any
nausea experienced during the procedure
List exams from highest to lowest dose: lumbar spine, KUB, chest, BE - ANSWER- 1.
Barium Enema (Constant Fluoro, usually followed by plain radiography images)
2. Lumbar Spine (80-90 KVP, {Lateral 40+mAs})
3. KUB (80-90KVP, average 20-40mAs)
4. Chest (125 KVP, average 5-10mAs)
A patient has a known history of angina and is experiencing symptoms similar to a heart
attack. What medication will likely be given to reduce the symptoms and treat this
patient? - ANSWER- Nitroglycerine
A trauma patient has a CT scan for their head and an augmented Chest, Abdomen,
Pelvis. Why is the head done first? - ANSWER- Because a brain bleed or other
pathologies can be identified prior to contrast being introduced since the contrast
appears white and similar to that of a fresh brain bleed; the contrast study of the Chest,
Abdomen, would leave contrast stuck in the Blood Brain Barrier for up to 10 hours
before it clears out
What is the letter I in the picture? - ANSWER- Common Bile Duct
Study the radiographic anatomy visualized in an ERCP exam - ANSWER-
,What is the minimum number of people required for a log roll? - ANSWER- Five: one at
the head of the patient and two at each side
What is the Fowler's position? - ANSWER- Patient recumbent with head of the bed
raised 40-60 degrees
What are the carpal bones in the proximal row in order from medial to lateral? -
ANSWER- Pisiform, Triquetrum, Lunate, Scaphoid
What does ASIS stand for? - ANSWER- Anterior superior iliac spine
What are two ways that mis-registration can occur in an Angiography case? -
ANSWER- Voluntary and involuntary motion
How is pixel shifting utilized in DSA exams? - ANSWER- If mis-registration occurs due
to either voluntary or involuntary motion, pixel shifting allows you to shift the mask
image so that the mask and injection images superimpose and subtract bone and soft
tissue
What is the name of the method used to introduce a catheter and guide wire into a
blood vessel safely? - ANSWER- Seldinger Technique
In which directions do you insert an enema tip? - ANSWER- Anteriorly and superiorly
What are the two routine projections/views for mammography imaging? - ANSWER-
MLO (Mediolateral Oblique) & CC (Craniocaudal)
Which mammography view requires the pectoral muscle on the posterior edge of the
breast, retromammary tissue, and the nipple in profile? - ANSWER- Craniocaudal View
How do you know if a FB is in the esophagus and not the trachea? - ANSWER- If a
foreign body is in the trachea, the lung(s) will still have air in them on the expiration
radiograph of the chest, whereas a FB in the esophagus will have no effect on the lung
size/markings
What does quantum mottle indicate? - ANSWER- An insufficient quantity of photons
have stricken the intensifying screen due to low mAs
What is normal blood pressure? - ANSWER- 110-120 mmHg systolic, 60-80 mmHg
diastolic
If the SID is 40", the SOD is 38", and the OID is 2". What is the magnification factor? -
ANSWER- M=SID/SOD =40/38 =1.05
, How does Automatic Gain Control change the exposure factors during a fluoroscopic
exam? - ANSWER- No effect; It is a function of the video camera control system that
adjust the screen/camera
What kV is used in mammography and why? - ANSWER- 23-28 kV; creates a high
radiographic contrast that helps radiologists delineate clearly the normal and diseased
structures of the breast tissue. (low kV= increased patient dose but also increased
contrast; high kV= less dose, low contrast)
What breathing should be used when x-raying a soft-tissue neck and why? - ANSWER-
Slow inspiration so the image is obtained when the trachea is filled with air
On an oblique lumbar spine what is the "neck" of the Scotty Dog? - ANSWER- Pars
interarticularis
What is the minimum length of a mobile x-ray cable? - ANSWER- 3 meters long
What is the CR angulation for the following clavicle views: AP, PA, AP Axial, and PA
Axial? - ANSWER- AP PROJECTION: perpendicular
PA PROJECTION: perpendicular
AP AXIAL PROJECTION: 15-30 degrees cephalad
PA AXIAL PROJECTION: 15-30 degrees caudad
During a voiding cystogram, your patient does not want to continue with the exam. Do
you advocate for the radiologist or the patient? - ANSWER- Advocate for the patient
What is the centering for an abdominal aortography exam? - ANSWER- Perpendicular
to the midline of the body at the level of L2
What is the injection site for a cerebral angiogram? - ANSWER- May be performed by
using the direct percutaneous method of the common carotid artery or catheterization
method via a femoral or transaxillary puncture; by guiding the catheter and appropriate
positioning of the patient's head, any one of the cerebral vessels may be catheterized
What is the function of Automatic Brightness Control? - ANSWER- Maintain the
brightness of an image during a fluoroscopic exam by automatically adjusting the
exposure factors as necessary
What does a recumbent right lateral stomach view demonstrate? - ANSWER- Right
retrogastric space, duodenal loop, and duodenojejunal junction
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is a Pott's Fracture? - ANSWER- Fracture of the ankle, involving the malleoli:
First degree Pott's=fractures involving one malleolus, Second degree Pott's
(bimalleolar)=fractures involving both malleoli, Third degree Pott's
(trimalleolar)=bimalleolar fracture with a fracture of the posteroinferior surface of the
tibia
What is a Compound Fracture? - ANSWER- A wound in communication with the
fracture; susceptible to infection; blood loss may be significant
Explain what a comminuted fracture is and the two different types. - ANSWER-
Fracture with more than two bone fragments; Segmental=divides the long bone into
several fragments; Butterfly=wedge-shaped fragment split off from the main fragment
What is considered the Sterile Corridor? - ANSWER- The area in the operating room
between the patient drape and the instrument table
How should the lower extremity be rotated for an AP projection of the proximal femur? -
ANSWER- 15 degrees internally
What part of the gown is considered sterile in the OR? - ANSWER- From the waist to
the shoulders in the front, and the sleeves from 2" above the elbow to the cuffs
What does COW stand for? - ANSWER- Circle of Willis
What is number 1 in the picture? - ANSWER- Anterior Cerebral Artery
Study the Circle of Willis - ANSWER-
Describe the hip localization method - ANSWER- Imagine a line from the ASIS to
symphysis pubis and at midpoint of that line, imagine a perpendicular line, moving 1.5"
distally to locate the femoral head. This perpendicular line will also aid in judging the
angle of the femoral neck. The two will be exactly the same
What is the central ray for an AP knee image on patient who is considered to have a
,sthenic body habitus? - ANSWER- Perpendicular to the knee joint
What is included on a CT head? - ANSWER- From base of skull to cranial vertex
Which vessel ascends through the cervical transverse foramina? - ANSWER- Vertebral
artery
What three vessels provide oxygenated blood to the heart? - ANSWER- The left and
right Coronary Arteries and the Circumflex Artery
What are the two types of target interactions that can produce diagnostic-range x-ray
photons? - ANSWER- Bremsstrahlung and Characteristic
What should be superimposed on an ideal AP Odontoid that clearly demonstrates the
tip of the dens? - ANSWER- Occlusal surface of upper central incisors and the base of
the skull
Why are patients to remain NPO prior to any surgical procedures? - ANSWER- They
should have nothing by mouth to reduce any chance of aspiration caused by any
nausea experienced during the procedure
List exams from highest to lowest dose: lumbar spine, KUB, chest, BE - ANSWER- 1.
Barium Enema (Constant Fluoro, usually followed by plain radiography images)
2. Lumbar Spine (80-90 KVP, {Lateral 40+mAs})
3. KUB (80-90KVP, average 20-40mAs)
4. Chest (125 KVP, average 5-10mAs)
A patient has a known history of angina and is experiencing symptoms similar to a heart
attack. What medication will likely be given to reduce the symptoms and treat this
patient? - ANSWER- Nitroglycerine
A trauma patient has a CT scan for their head and an augmented Chest, Abdomen,
Pelvis. Why is the head done first? - ANSWER- Because a brain bleed or other
pathologies can be identified prior to contrast being introduced since the contrast
appears white and similar to that of a fresh brain bleed; the contrast study of the Chest,
Abdomen, would leave contrast stuck in the Blood Brain Barrier for up to 10 hours
before it clears out
What is the letter I in the picture? - ANSWER- Common Bile Duct
Study the radiographic anatomy visualized in an ERCP exam - ANSWER-
,What is the minimum number of people required for a log roll? - ANSWER- Five: one at
the head of the patient and two at each side
What is the Fowler's position? - ANSWER- Patient recumbent with head of the bed
raised 40-60 degrees
What are the carpal bones in the proximal row in order from medial to lateral? -
ANSWER- Pisiform, Triquetrum, Lunate, Scaphoid
What does ASIS stand for? - ANSWER- Anterior superior iliac spine
What are two ways that mis-registration can occur in an Angiography case? -
ANSWER- Voluntary and involuntary motion
How is pixel shifting utilized in DSA exams? - ANSWER- If mis-registration occurs due
to either voluntary or involuntary motion, pixel shifting allows you to shift the mask
image so that the mask and injection images superimpose and subtract bone and soft
tissue
What is the name of the method used to introduce a catheter and guide wire into a
blood vessel safely? - ANSWER- Seldinger Technique
In which directions do you insert an enema tip? - ANSWER- Anteriorly and superiorly
What are the two routine projections/views for mammography imaging? - ANSWER-
MLO (Mediolateral Oblique) & CC (Craniocaudal)
Which mammography view requires the pectoral muscle on the posterior edge of the
breast, retromammary tissue, and the nipple in profile? - ANSWER- Craniocaudal View
How do you know if a FB is in the esophagus and not the trachea? - ANSWER- If a
foreign body is in the trachea, the lung(s) will still have air in them on the expiration
radiograph of the chest, whereas a FB in the esophagus will have no effect on the lung
size/markings
What does quantum mottle indicate? - ANSWER- An insufficient quantity of photons
have stricken the intensifying screen due to low mAs
What is normal blood pressure? - ANSWER- 110-120 mmHg systolic, 60-80 mmHg
diastolic
If the SID is 40", the SOD is 38", and the OID is 2". What is the magnification factor? -
ANSWER- M=SID/SOD =40/38 =1.05
, How does Automatic Gain Control change the exposure factors during a fluoroscopic
exam? - ANSWER- No effect; It is a function of the video camera control system that
adjust the screen/camera
What kV is used in mammography and why? - ANSWER- 23-28 kV; creates a high
radiographic contrast that helps radiologists delineate clearly the normal and diseased
structures of the breast tissue. (low kV= increased patient dose but also increased
contrast; high kV= less dose, low contrast)
What breathing should be used when x-raying a soft-tissue neck and why? - ANSWER-
Slow inspiration so the image is obtained when the trachea is filled with air
On an oblique lumbar spine what is the "neck" of the Scotty Dog? - ANSWER- Pars
interarticularis
What is the minimum length of a mobile x-ray cable? - ANSWER- 3 meters long
What is the CR angulation for the following clavicle views: AP, PA, AP Axial, and PA
Axial? - ANSWER- AP PROJECTION: perpendicular
PA PROJECTION: perpendicular
AP AXIAL PROJECTION: 15-30 degrees cephalad
PA AXIAL PROJECTION: 15-30 degrees caudad
During a voiding cystogram, your patient does not want to continue with the exam. Do
you advocate for the radiologist or the patient? - ANSWER- Advocate for the patient
What is the centering for an abdominal aortography exam? - ANSWER- Perpendicular
to the midline of the body at the level of L2
What is the injection site for a cerebral angiogram? - ANSWER- May be performed by
using the direct percutaneous method of the common carotid artery or catheterization
method via a femoral or transaxillary puncture; by guiding the catheter and appropriate
positioning of the patient's head, any one of the cerebral vessels may be catheterized
What is the function of Automatic Brightness Control? - ANSWER- Maintain the
brightness of an image during a fluoroscopic exam by automatically adjusting the
exposure factors as necessary
What does a recumbent right lateral stomach view demonstrate? - ANSWER- Right
retrogastric space, duodenal loop, and duodenojejunal junction
