NURS 351 Antibiotics Actual study set
with Questions and correct/verified
Answers
Beta-lactam Antibacterials - ANSW--Bind to protein bacterial cell membranes
-Inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall (Defective cell wall)
Beta-lactamases - ANSW-Enzymes produced by bacteria which disrupt beta-lactam ring & inactivate
antibiotics
-Antibiotic resistance
Penicillins are: - ANSW--Effective
-Least toxic
-Least expensive
-Most commonly prescribed
-GRAM + MOSTLY (dont need to know)
The 3 penicillins - ANSW-Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Piperacillin
Ampicillin - ANSW-Prototype
-Broad Spectrum
-Exccreted largely unchanged by kidneys (caution renal impairment)
-PO,IV,IM
Adverse effects of Ampicillin - ANSW--Hypersensitivity (rash/anaphylaxis)
-Nephropathy
Nursing considerations of Ampicillin - ANSW--Assess for allergies
-Give on empty stomach (1 hour before/2 hours after)
-Full prescribed dose
-Assess renal function
Amoxicillin administration - ANSW-PO
Piperacillin administration - ANSW-IV, IM
Penicillin-Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations - ANSW-combination therapy used to bind with beta-
lactamases and prevent antibiotic inactivation (Penicillin + Beta-lactamse inhibitor)
, Examples of Penicillin-Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations - ANSW--Ampicillin-Sulbactam (IM,IV)
-Amoxicillin-clavulanate (PO)
-Piperacillin-tazobactam (IV)
Cephalosporins: (Cef) - ANSW--Closely related to penicillin
-BROAD-SPCTRUM
-GRAM NEGATIVE (except first generation)
-Classified into 5 generations
Cefazolin - ANSW-INHIBITS BACTERIAL WALL SYNTHESIS
-Drug of choice for surgical prophylaxis
-IM,IV
Adverse effects of Cefazolin - ANSW-Nausea/Vomiting
GI Upset
Aminoglycosides - ANSW--Gram negative Aerobic organisms
-Used for serious systemic infections
-Based on serum drug concentration (Peak & Trough)
Aminoglycoside drug we need to remember - ANSW-Gentamicin
Gentamicin - ANSW-Penetrates cell wall & binds to PREVENT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
-Serious gram negative
-IV,IM
Gentamicin Adverse effects - ANSW--Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity
Gentamicin nursing considerations - ANSW--Low Therapeutic index
-Monitor renal function
-Monitor toxicity
-DO NOT MIX PENICILLINS & AMINOGLYCOSIDES in syringe/tubing
Floroquinolines - ANSW--Gram negative & Positive
-Broad spectrum coverage
-NOT USED FIRST-LINE in CHILDREN
Floroquinolones drugs - ANSW-Ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin - ANSW-Interferes with enzymes required for bacterial DNA synthesis
--BACTERICIDAL
with Questions and correct/verified
Answers
Beta-lactam Antibacterials - ANSW--Bind to protein bacterial cell membranes
-Inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall (Defective cell wall)
Beta-lactamases - ANSW-Enzymes produced by bacteria which disrupt beta-lactam ring & inactivate
antibiotics
-Antibiotic resistance
Penicillins are: - ANSW--Effective
-Least toxic
-Least expensive
-Most commonly prescribed
-GRAM + MOSTLY (dont need to know)
The 3 penicillins - ANSW-Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Piperacillin
Ampicillin - ANSW-Prototype
-Broad Spectrum
-Exccreted largely unchanged by kidneys (caution renal impairment)
-PO,IV,IM
Adverse effects of Ampicillin - ANSW--Hypersensitivity (rash/anaphylaxis)
-Nephropathy
Nursing considerations of Ampicillin - ANSW--Assess for allergies
-Give on empty stomach (1 hour before/2 hours after)
-Full prescribed dose
-Assess renal function
Amoxicillin administration - ANSW-PO
Piperacillin administration - ANSW-IV, IM
Penicillin-Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations - ANSW-combination therapy used to bind with beta-
lactamases and prevent antibiotic inactivation (Penicillin + Beta-lactamse inhibitor)
, Examples of Penicillin-Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations - ANSW--Ampicillin-Sulbactam (IM,IV)
-Amoxicillin-clavulanate (PO)
-Piperacillin-tazobactam (IV)
Cephalosporins: (Cef) - ANSW--Closely related to penicillin
-BROAD-SPCTRUM
-GRAM NEGATIVE (except first generation)
-Classified into 5 generations
Cefazolin - ANSW-INHIBITS BACTERIAL WALL SYNTHESIS
-Drug of choice for surgical prophylaxis
-IM,IV
Adverse effects of Cefazolin - ANSW-Nausea/Vomiting
GI Upset
Aminoglycosides - ANSW--Gram negative Aerobic organisms
-Used for serious systemic infections
-Based on serum drug concentration (Peak & Trough)
Aminoglycoside drug we need to remember - ANSW-Gentamicin
Gentamicin - ANSW-Penetrates cell wall & binds to PREVENT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
-Serious gram negative
-IV,IM
Gentamicin Adverse effects - ANSW--Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity
Gentamicin nursing considerations - ANSW--Low Therapeutic index
-Monitor renal function
-Monitor toxicity
-DO NOT MIX PENICILLINS & AMINOGLYCOSIDES in syringe/tubing
Floroquinolines - ANSW--Gram negative & Positive
-Broad spectrum coverage
-NOT USED FIRST-LINE in CHILDREN
Floroquinolones drugs - ANSW-Ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin - ANSW-Interferes with enzymes required for bacterial DNA synthesis
--BACTERICIDAL
