NURS 101 FINAL EXAM -2025- SET OF QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ GUARANTEED
SUCCESS
The nurse is preparing a blood transfusion for a client with renal failure. Why does
anemia often complicate renal failure?
1. Increase in blood pressure
2. Decrease in erythropoietin
3. Increase in serum phosphate levels
4. Decrease in serum sodium concentration
2. Decrease in erythropoietin
Rationale:
The hormone erythropoietin, produced by the kidneys, stimulates the bone
marrow to produce red blood cells. In renal failure there is a deficiency of
erythropoietin that often results in the client developing anemia. Therefore the
nurse is instructed to administer blood. In renal failure, increased blood pressure
is due to impairment of renal vasodilator factors and is not treated by
administration of blood. Phosphate is retained in the body during renal failure,
causing binding of calcium leading to done demineralization, not anemia. Increase
in urinary sodium concentration and decrease in serum sodium concentration
trigger the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells.
A client is admitted for dehydration and an intravenous (IV) infusion of normal
saline at 125 mL/hr has been started. One hour after the IV initiation the client
begins screaming, "I can't breathe!" What is the nurse's priority action?
, 1. Elevate the head of the bed and obtain vital signs.
2. Discontinue the IV site and contact the primary healthcare provider.
3. Change the IV to an intermittent infusion device.
4. Contact the primary healthcare provider to obtain a prescription for a sedative
1. Elevate the head of the bed and obtain vital signs
Rationale:
The client's ability to speak indicates that the client is breathing. Elevating the
head of the bed facilitates breathing by decreasing pressure against the
diaphragm. Checking the vital signs after this is the first step in assessing the
cause of the distress. Discontinuing the IV access line may cause unnecessary
discomfort if it must be restarted; there are too few data to call the healthcare
provider at this time. There is not enough information to support calling the
healthcare provider and obtaining a prescription for a sedative; further
assessment is required. There is no information to support changing the IV to an
intermittent infusion device.
During an 8-hour shift a client has a 6-oz (180 mL) cup of tea and 360 mL of water;
the client vomits 100 mL, and the intravenous (IV) fluids instilled equal the urinary
output. What is this client's fluid balance at the end of this 8-hour period that the
nurse must document on the client's intake and output record?
1. 240 mL
2. 340 mL
3. 440 mL
4. 540 mL
3. 440 mL
Rationale:
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ GUARANTEED
SUCCESS
The nurse is preparing a blood transfusion for a client with renal failure. Why does
anemia often complicate renal failure?
1. Increase in blood pressure
2. Decrease in erythropoietin
3. Increase in serum phosphate levels
4. Decrease in serum sodium concentration
2. Decrease in erythropoietin
Rationale:
The hormone erythropoietin, produced by the kidneys, stimulates the bone
marrow to produce red blood cells. In renal failure there is a deficiency of
erythropoietin that often results in the client developing anemia. Therefore the
nurse is instructed to administer blood. In renal failure, increased blood pressure
is due to impairment of renal vasodilator factors and is not treated by
administration of blood. Phosphate is retained in the body during renal failure,
causing binding of calcium leading to done demineralization, not anemia. Increase
in urinary sodium concentration and decrease in serum sodium concentration
trigger the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells.
A client is admitted for dehydration and an intravenous (IV) infusion of normal
saline at 125 mL/hr has been started. One hour after the IV initiation the client
begins screaming, "I can't breathe!" What is the nurse's priority action?
, 1. Elevate the head of the bed and obtain vital signs.
2. Discontinue the IV site and contact the primary healthcare provider.
3. Change the IV to an intermittent infusion device.
4. Contact the primary healthcare provider to obtain a prescription for a sedative
1. Elevate the head of the bed and obtain vital signs
Rationale:
The client's ability to speak indicates that the client is breathing. Elevating the
head of the bed facilitates breathing by decreasing pressure against the
diaphragm. Checking the vital signs after this is the first step in assessing the
cause of the distress. Discontinuing the IV access line may cause unnecessary
discomfort if it must be restarted; there are too few data to call the healthcare
provider at this time. There is not enough information to support calling the
healthcare provider and obtaining a prescription for a sedative; further
assessment is required. There is no information to support changing the IV to an
intermittent infusion device.
During an 8-hour shift a client has a 6-oz (180 mL) cup of tea and 360 mL of water;
the client vomits 100 mL, and the intravenous (IV) fluids instilled equal the urinary
output. What is this client's fluid balance at the end of this 8-hour period that the
nurse must document on the client's intake and output record?
1. 240 mL
2. 340 mL
3. 440 mL
4. 540 mL
3. 440 mL
Rationale:
