BIOD 101 MODULE 5 (EXAM) WITH
QUESTIONS AND 100%CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT|
NEWLY UPDATED 2025| GUARANTEED
A+.
Which of the following signaling types is used to transmit ligands to their target cells over
long distances, using the circulatory system as a transport medium?
1. Autocrine signaling
2. Endocrine signaling
3. Direct cell-to-cell signaling
4. Paracrine signaling
5. Synaptic signaling
ANSWER: ✔✔ Endocrine signaling.
Explain why a steroid hormone would require a carrier protein to transport it through the
bloodstream.
ANSWER: ✔✔ Steroid hormones are hydrophobic. They would require a carrier protein to carry
them through the blood because they are considered hydrophilic.
Each of the following is true regarding cellular receptors except:
1. Receptors in each family are classified by their location in the body.
2. Most receptors are located on the outside of a cell, anchored in the plasma membrane.
3. Cell surface receptors contain an extracellular region, intracellular region, and a
hydrophobic region in the plasma membrane.
4. Intracellular receptors are located in the cell's cytoplasm.
ANSWER: ✔✔ Receptors in each family are classified by their location in the body.
List TWO specific examples of cellular ligands.
, ANSWER: ✔✔ Hormones, peptides, sugars, and other hydrophobic molecules.
Fill in the Blank:
Transduction is the chain of ___________ and intracellular ___________ that relay signals
inside of a cell.
ANSWER: ✔✔ 1. Molecules
2. Enzymes
Which of the following statements is true of GPCRs?
1. They thread through the plasma membrane forming loops.
2. They are transmembrane hormone receptors.
3. A modified loop receives ligands on their intracellular side.
4. All of the above.
ANSWER: ✔✔ They thread through the plasma membrane forming loops.
Fill in the Blank:
For most biological processes, a typical response would be the release of ___________ of
molecules every ___________ that binds.
ANSWER: ✔✔ 1. Millions
2. Ligand
What role do the ligands involved in endocrine signaling serve in the body?
ANSWER: ✔✔ Hormones are the ligands involved in endocrine signaling. They regulate
homeostatic mechanisms e.g., blood pressure and energy metabolism.
Which of the following best describes calcium's role as a second messenger?
1. It activates protein kinase A.
QUESTIONS AND 100%CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT|
NEWLY UPDATED 2025| GUARANTEED
A+.
Which of the following signaling types is used to transmit ligands to their target cells over
long distances, using the circulatory system as a transport medium?
1. Autocrine signaling
2. Endocrine signaling
3. Direct cell-to-cell signaling
4. Paracrine signaling
5. Synaptic signaling
ANSWER: ✔✔ Endocrine signaling.
Explain why a steroid hormone would require a carrier protein to transport it through the
bloodstream.
ANSWER: ✔✔ Steroid hormones are hydrophobic. They would require a carrier protein to carry
them through the blood because they are considered hydrophilic.
Each of the following is true regarding cellular receptors except:
1. Receptors in each family are classified by their location in the body.
2. Most receptors are located on the outside of a cell, anchored in the plasma membrane.
3. Cell surface receptors contain an extracellular region, intracellular region, and a
hydrophobic region in the plasma membrane.
4. Intracellular receptors are located in the cell's cytoplasm.
ANSWER: ✔✔ Receptors in each family are classified by their location in the body.
List TWO specific examples of cellular ligands.
, ANSWER: ✔✔ Hormones, peptides, sugars, and other hydrophobic molecules.
Fill in the Blank:
Transduction is the chain of ___________ and intracellular ___________ that relay signals
inside of a cell.
ANSWER: ✔✔ 1. Molecules
2. Enzymes
Which of the following statements is true of GPCRs?
1. They thread through the plasma membrane forming loops.
2. They are transmembrane hormone receptors.
3. A modified loop receives ligands on their intracellular side.
4. All of the above.
ANSWER: ✔✔ They thread through the plasma membrane forming loops.
Fill in the Blank:
For most biological processes, a typical response would be the release of ___________ of
molecules every ___________ that binds.
ANSWER: ✔✔ 1. Millions
2. Ligand
What role do the ligands involved in endocrine signaling serve in the body?
ANSWER: ✔✔ Hormones are the ligands involved in endocrine signaling. They regulate
homeostatic mechanisms e.g., blood pressure and energy metabolism.
Which of the following best describes calcium's role as a second messenger?
1. It activates protein kinase A.
