9. Leadership Styles
Managers can use different leadership styles depending on the situation and the
people they manage:
a. Autocratic Leadership
* One person makes all decisions
* Little input from employees
* Fast decision-making, but employees may feel left out
b. Democratic Leadership
* Manager includes employees in decision-making
* Encourages teamwork and communication
* Takes more time, but employees feel valued
c. Laissez-Faire Leadership
* Manager gives employees freedom to make decisions
* Works best when employees are experienced and motivated
* Can lead to confusion if roles are unclear
________________
10. Organizational Structures
Organizational structure shows how jobs, responsibilities, and authority are
arranged in a business.
a. Line Structure
* Clear chain of command (top to bottom)
* Simple and direct, but less flexible
b. Line-and-Staff Structure
* Adds advisors (staff) to the line structure
* Allows for expert help, but more complex
c. Matrix Structure
* Employees report to more than one manager (e.g., project and
department managers)
* Encourages teamwork, but can be confusing
________________
11. Business Environments
Businesses operate in different environments that affect their success:
a. Internal Environment
* Inside the company: employees, managers, culture, physical
resources
b. External Environment
* Outside the company:
* Economic (inflation, unemployment)
Managers can use different leadership styles depending on the situation and the
people they manage:
a. Autocratic Leadership
* One person makes all decisions
* Little input from employees
* Fast decision-making, but employees may feel left out
b. Democratic Leadership
* Manager includes employees in decision-making
* Encourages teamwork and communication
* Takes more time, but employees feel valued
c. Laissez-Faire Leadership
* Manager gives employees freedom to make decisions
* Works best when employees are experienced and motivated
* Can lead to confusion if roles are unclear
________________
10. Organizational Structures
Organizational structure shows how jobs, responsibilities, and authority are
arranged in a business.
a. Line Structure
* Clear chain of command (top to bottom)
* Simple and direct, but less flexible
b. Line-and-Staff Structure
* Adds advisors (staff) to the line structure
* Allows for expert help, but more complex
c. Matrix Structure
* Employees report to more than one manager (e.g., project and
department managers)
* Encourages teamwork, but can be confusing
________________
11. Business Environments
Businesses operate in different environments that affect their success:
a. Internal Environment
* Inside the company: employees, managers, culture, physical
resources
b. External Environment
* Outside the company:
* Economic (inflation, unemployment)
