1. The nursing caring for a severely dehydrated patient who has a Foley catheter in place assesses the
patient to confirm adequate urine perfusion by urine output of ___ mL.
a. 15
b. 30
c. 45
d. 60 - Correct Answer There should be an average hourly urine output of 30 mL.
2. To help reduce a patient's risk of recurrent cystitis, the nurse teaches the patient to:
a. Eat citrus fruits to alkalinize the urine.
b. Always wipe the perineal area from back to front.
c. Take long, warm bubble baths.
d. Wear cotton underwear and avoid nylon constrictive clothing. - Correct Answer The patient should
wear cotton underwear and avoid nylon and constrictive clothing that worsens perineal moisture.
3. The nurse is aware that in the elderly, a urinary infection may cause the patient to:
a. Run an exceptionally high temperature.
b. Have foul urine and diarrhea.
c. Become disoriented and confused.
d. Become irritable. - Correct Answer Urinary infections in the elderly patient may not be manifested by
fever. There are subtle changes in mental status.
4. A nurse would modify the urine collection technique when a urine sample is needed from an infant
by:
a. Placing the infant on a bedpan after removing the diaper.
b. Removing the diaper after the infant voids and send the diaper to the lab.
c. Attaching a bag with adhesive backing to the skin surrounding the genitals.
, d. Applying a very small condom catheter. - Correct Answer A urine collection bag is attached to the skin
by an adhesive backing and is placed o that it surrounds the genitals; when sufficient urine is collected,
the bag is removed and urine is put into a specimen cup to send to the lab.
5. The patient with an incarcerated hernia is at risk for the hernia to become:
a. Strangulated.
b. Indirect.
c. Direct.
d. Irreducible. - Correct Answer The incarcerated hernia may become strangulated, which cuts off the
blood supply and can lead to necrosis of the trapped bowel loop. Hernias are classified as reducible,
which means the protruding organ can be returned to its proper place by pressing on the organ, and
irreducible, which mean that the protruding part of the organ is tightly wedged outside the cavity and
cannot be pushed back through the opening. Another name for an irreducible hernia is incarcerated
hernia. An indirect hernia protrudes though the inguinal ring. A direct hernia protrudes though the
posterior inguinal ring.
6. The nurse explains that diverticula occur in the older adult because:
a. Loss of bowel tone reduces motility.
b. Changes in bowel wall allow herniation.
c. The diet may be deficient in bulk.
d. Multipharmacy has altered bowel mucosa. - Correct Answer The bowel wall in the older adult
becomes thickened and rigid. Intra-abdominal pressure causes herniation of the mucosa through the
bowel wall, causing a small pocket in the colon.
7. The nurse is aware that an unresolved bowel obstruction can lead to:
a. Systemic infection and fever.
b. Bowel rupture and shock.
c. Adhesions and pain.
d. Bloating and expelling gas. - Correct Answer An unresolved obstruction can cause bowel rupture,
peritonitis, shock, and death.
8. The nurse explains that the most beneficial diet for a person with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is
a ____ diet.
patient to confirm adequate urine perfusion by urine output of ___ mL.
a. 15
b. 30
c. 45
d. 60 - Correct Answer There should be an average hourly urine output of 30 mL.
2. To help reduce a patient's risk of recurrent cystitis, the nurse teaches the patient to:
a. Eat citrus fruits to alkalinize the urine.
b. Always wipe the perineal area from back to front.
c. Take long, warm bubble baths.
d. Wear cotton underwear and avoid nylon constrictive clothing. - Correct Answer The patient should
wear cotton underwear and avoid nylon and constrictive clothing that worsens perineal moisture.
3. The nurse is aware that in the elderly, a urinary infection may cause the patient to:
a. Run an exceptionally high temperature.
b. Have foul urine and diarrhea.
c. Become disoriented and confused.
d. Become irritable. - Correct Answer Urinary infections in the elderly patient may not be manifested by
fever. There are subtle changes in mental status.
4. A nurse would modify the urine collection technique when a urine sample is needed from an infant
by:
a. Placing the infant on a bedpan after removing the diaper.
b. Removing the diaper after the infant voids and send the diaper to the lab.
c. Attaching a bag with adhesive backing to the skin surrounding the genitals.
, d. Applying a very small condom catheter. - Correct Answer A urine collection bag is attached to the skin
by an adhesive backing and is placed o that it surrounds the genitals; when sufficient urine is collected,
the bag is removed and urine is put into a specimen cup to send to the lab.
5. The patient with an incarcerated hernia is at risk for the hernia to become:
a. Strangulated.
b. Indirect.
c. Direct.
d. Irreducible. - Correct Answer The incarcerated hernia may become strangulated, which cuts off the
blood supply and can lead to necrosis of the trapped bowel loop. Hernias are classified as reducible,
which means the protruding organ can be returned to its proper place by pressing on the organ, and
irreducible, which mean that the protruding part of the organ is tightly wedged outside the cavity and
cannot be pushed back through the opening. Another name for an irreducible hernia is incarcerated
hernia. An indirect hernia protrudes though the inguinal ring. A direct hernia protrudes though the
posterior inguinal ring.
6. The nurse explains that diverticula occur in the older adult because:
a. Loss of bowel tone reduces motility.
b. Changes in bowel wall allow herniation.
c. The diet may be deficient in bulk.
d. Multipharmacy has altered bowel mucosa. - Correct Answer The bowel wall in the older adult
becomes thickened and rigid. Intra-abdominal pressure causes herniation of the mucosa through the
bowel wall, causing a small pocket in the colon.
7. The nurse is aware that an unresolved bowel obstruction can lead to:
a. Systemic infection and fever.
b. Bowel rupture and shock.
c. Adhesions and pain.
d. Bloating and expelling gas. - Correct Answer An unresolved obstruction can cause bowel rupture,
peritonitis, shock, and death.
8. The nurse explains that the most beneficial diet for a person with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is
a ____ diet.
