Comprehensive Human Growth Final – Complete Review with Practice
Questions and Correct answers for Developmental Stages, Theories,
and Milestones Across the Lifespan
In Brofenbrenner's ecological-systems model, a hospital in the community is an example of the
- correct answer exosystem
A dependent variable is - correct answer the measured variable that may change depending on
manipulation of an independent variable
An independent variable is - correct answer the variable that is intentionally manipulated by
the researcher
Which of the following is a limitation of survey research? - correct answer Participants may be
dishonest in their answers
The science of human development seeks to understand - correct answer how and why people
change over time
When a researcher wants to determine the cause of a particular behavior, the appropriate
research method to use is a(n) - correct answer experiment
__________ research can be categorized, ranked, or numbered - correct answer Quantitative
Li, age 11, is a recent Chinese immigrant, Li's new teachers have noticed that he rarely talks,
does not make eye contact, and seems very shy. When they speak to Li's parents, they are
surprised, as these characteristics are valued in Li's culture. The perception of Li's behavior
reflects the concept of a(n) - correct answer social construction
A hypothesis is a(n) - correct answer prediction that can be tested
According to Brofenbrenner's ecological-systems approach, the historical context that affects
other systems is called the _______ - correct answer chronosystem
The term plasticity reminds us that - correct answer developmental change is possible
"_________ research" is a quick way to study the development of a large group of people. -
correct answer Survey
A developmental perspective requires consideration of ______ - correct answer time
The third step in the scientific method involves - correct answer conducting research
Dwayne was born to a single mother living in Chicago. According to Brofenbrenner's theory,
Dwayne's experience in this social context is an example of the - correct answer microsystem
,Which type of research design combines the cross-sectional design with the longitudinal
research design? - correct answer cross-sequential
A correlation is considered to be zero if - correct answer there is no relationship between the
variables
If a researcher finds that there is a correlation between secondhand smoke and children's
asthma, he knows for SURE that - correct answer asthma and secondhand smoke have some
connection
socioeconomic status refers to an individual's - correct answer social class
Bobby did not learn to read until he was an adolescent. When he did learn to read, it was much
harder for him than it was for his peers. If Bobby had learned to read during the early and
middle childhood years, he would have acquired literacy skills much more efficiently. Bobby's
difficulty learning to read as an adolescent demonstrates the concept of a(n) "_________
period". - correct answer sensitive
Which of these is the BEST example of plasticity? - correct answer a child who experiences a
traumatic brain injury and relearns how to walk and talk
Experiments allow researchers to - correct answer determine a cause-and-effect relationship
The purpose of an experiment is to find out whether - correct answer an independent variable
affects the dependent variable
Dr. Towne believes that heredity is primarily responsible for personality traits. Dr. West
believes that environmental influences are primarily responsible for personality traits. They are
on different sides of the ______ debate. - correct answer nature-nuture
Parents who spend a great deal of time and money trying to find the best school for their
children believe in the importance of _______ as it relates to development - correct answer
nurture
With respect to the concept of multidirectional development, when change is rapid and
dramatic, such as when a larva becomes a mosquito, it is an example of - correct answer
discontinuity
Due to findings from the Framingham Heart Study, - correct answer cigarette smoking is down,
exercise is up, and doctors routinely monitor blood pressure, weight, and cholesterol
In the science of human development, nature refers to - correct answer the influence of the
genes that people inherit
Travis and Marcus, close friends, grew up in the same neighborhood. Both were exposed to
chronic poverty, gang violence, and family dysfunction. By the time they were in high school,
travis was flunking most of his classes, had a child, and had been arrested numerous times for
,drug-related crimes and theft. Marcus on the other hand, was a good student, played football,
and had aspirations to attend college. these different developmental trajectories, despite
similar environmental influences, illustrate the concept of - correct answer "differential
susceptibility"
Dr. Furth wonders whether a specific brain chemical can be suppressed if a patient is given a
large dose of vitamin E. Dr. Furth has just demonstrated the ______ step in the scientific
method - correct answer first
Which example best illustrates a critical period? - correct answer a human fetus developing
fingers and toes between 28 and 54 days in utero
Dorothy was born during the Great Depression. Within the context of the ecological-systems
approach, Dorothy's experience of growing up during this time period falls within the - correct
answer chronosystem
The three domains of development are - correct answer biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial
A woman in Honduras worked in a field treated with pesticides during her pregnancy. Her son
was subsequently born with no arms or legs. Her pesticide exposure likely occurred during a(n)
__________ period of prenatal development. - correct answer critical
Differential sensitivity means that certain people have genes that - correct answer make them
more vulnerable to particular experiences
The life-span perspective takes into account development from ________ - correct answer
conception to death
An example of a dependent variable in an experiment might be - correct answer level of
depression
Epigenetics is - correct answer the study of how the environment affects which genes are
expressed
Empirical evidence is based on - correct answer observation, experience, or experiment
The final step in the scientific method involves - correct answer reporting the results
The idea that human development is an ongoing, ever-changing interaction between the body,
mind, and every aspect of the environment reflects the - correct answer dynamic-systems
approach
The effects of climate, noise, population density, family size, and multiethnic communities
illustrate that development is - correct answer multicontextual
, Dr. Kolbe is studying the impact of exosystems on human development. Which of the following
would Dr. Kolbe be MOST interested in examining? - correct answer medical centers and
religious institutions
Which statement about scientific observation is true? - correct answer It involves recording
behavior systematically and objectively
the second step in the scientific method involves - correct answer developing a hypothesis
Bettie grew up in the Great Depression, while her granddaugher is part of the millennial
generation. Bettie and her granddaughter belong to a different - correct answer cohorts
A correlation indicates that there is ______ between two variables - correct answer a
relationship
Which example best illustrates a sensitive period? - correct answer a child learning to speak a
second language
Zachary is a part-time construction worker. Noah is an attorney. These occupations reflect
Zachary and Noah's - correct answer SES
Genes alone do not determine development; environmental forces also shape development.
This information has led to the understanding that many human characteristics are - correct
answer epigenetic
Race and ethnicity are different terms for the same thing - correct answer False
According to the dynamic-systems approach, human development is a static process. - correct
answer False
The term cohort refers to individuals born in the same geographical region and within the same
social class. - correct answer False
Using careful analysis of evidence gathered in the research, investigators are able to conclude
whether the hypothesis is supported - correct answer True
A research question becomes a hypothesis when it is stated as a prediction that can be
examined - correct answer True
The primary goal of the scientific method is to generate data that support the researcher's
hypotheses. - correct answer False
Dr. Tucker and his research team are interested in how aggression changes as we age. The team
will recruit 100 3-year-old children and assess their levels of aggression every three years until
the participants turn 21. This is an example of cross-sectional research. - correct answer False
When two variables are unrelated, the correlation between them is zero. - correct answer True
Questions and Correct answers for Developmental Stages, Theories,
and Milestones Across the Lifespan
In Brofenbrenner's ecological-systems model, a hospital in the community is an example of the
- correct answer exosystem
A dependent variable is - correct answer the measured variable that may change depending on
manipulation of an independent variable
An independent variable is - correct answer the variable that is intentionally manipulated by
the researcher
Which of the following is a limitation of survey research? - correct answer Participants may be
dishonest in their answers
The science of human development seeks to understand - correct answer how and why people
change over time
When a researcher wants to determine the cause of a particular behavior, the appropriate
research method to use is a(n) - correct answer experiment
__________ research can be categorized, ranked, or numbered - correct answer Quantitative
Li, age 11, is a recent Chinese immigrant, Li's new teachers have noticed that he rarely talks,
does not make eye contact, and seems very shy. When they speak to Li's parents, they are
surprised, as these characteristics are valued in Li's culture. The perception of Li's behavior
reflects the concept of a(n) - correct answer social construction
A hypothesis is a(n) - correct answer prediction that can be tested
According to Brofenbrenner's ecological-systems approach, the historical context that affects
other systems is called the _______ - correct answer chronosystem
The term plasticity reminds us that - correct answer developmental change is possible
"_________ research" is a quick way to study the development of a large group of people. -
correct answer Survey
A developmental perspective requires consideration of ______ - correct answer time
The third step in the scientific method involves - correct answer conducting research
Dwayne was born to a single mother living in Chicago. According to Brofenbrenner's theory,
Dwayne's experience in this social context is an example of the - correct answer microsystem
,Which type of research design combines the cross-sectional design with the longitudinal
research design? - correct answer cross-sequential
A correlation is considered to be zero if - correct answer there is no relationship between the
variables
If a researcher finds that there is a correlation between secondhand smoke and children's
asthma, he knows for SURE that - correct answer asthma and secondhand smoke have some
connection
socioeconomic status refers to an individual's - correct answer social class
Bobby did not learn to read until he was an adolescent. When he did learn to read, it was much
harder for him than it was for his peers. If Bobby had learned to read during the early and
middle childhood years, he would have acquired literacy skills much more efficiently. Bobby's
difficulty learning to read as an adolescent demonstrates the concept of a(n) "_________
period". - correct answer sensitive
Which of these is the BEST example of plasticity? - correct answer a child who experiences a
traumatic brain injury and relearns how to walk and talk
Experiments allow researchers to - correct answer determine a cause-and-effect relationship
The purpose of an experiment is to find out whether - correct answer an independent variable
affects the dependent variable
Dr. Towne believes that heredity is primarily responsible for personality traits. Dr. West
believes that environmental influences are primarily responsible for personality traits. They are
on different sides of the ______ debate. - correct answer nature-nuture
Parents who spend a great deal of time and money trying to find the best school for their
children believe in the importance of _______ as it relates to development - correct answer
nurture
With respect to the concept of multidirectional development, when change is rapid and
dramatic, such as when a larva becomes a mosquito, it is an example of - correct answer
discontinuity
Due to findings from the Framingham Heart Study, - correct answer cigarette smoking is down,
exercise is up, and doctors routinely monitor blood pressure, weight, and cholesterol
In the science of human development, nature refers to - correct answer the influence of the
genes that people inherit
Travis and Marcus, close friends, grew up in the same neighborhood. Both were exposed to
chronic poverty, gang violence, and family dysfunction. By the time they were in high school,
travis was flunking most of his classes, had a child, and had been arrested numerous times for
,drug-related crimes and theft. Marcus on the other hand, was a good student, played football,
and had aspirations to attend college. these different developmental trajectories, despite
similar environmental influences, illustrate the concept of - correct answer "differential
susceptibility"
Dr. Furth wonders whether a specific brain chemical can be suppressed if a patient is given a
large dose of vitamin E. Dr. Furth has just demonstrated the ______ step in the scientific
method - correct answer first
Which example best illustrates a critical period? - correct answer a human fetus developing
fingers and toes between 28 and 54 days in utero
Dorothy was born during the Great Depression. Within the context of the ecological-systems
approach, Dorothy's experience of growing up during this time period falls within the - correct
answer chronosystem
The three domains of development are - correct answer biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial
A woman in Honduras worked in a field treated with pesticides during her pregnancy. Her son
was subsequently born with no arms or legs. Her pesticide exposure likely occurred during a(n)
__________ period of prenatal development. - correct answer critical
Differential sensitivity means that certain people have genes that - correct answer make them
more vulnerable to particular experiences
The life-span perspective takes into account development from ________ - correct answer
conception to death
An example of a dependent variable in an experiment might be - correct answer level of
depression
Epigenetics is - correct answer the study of how the environment affects which genes are
expressed
Empirical evidence is based on - correct answer observation, experience, or experiment
The final step in the scientific method involves - correct answer reporting the results
The idea that human development is an ongoing, ever-changing interaction between the body,
mind, and every aspect of the environment reflects the - correct answer dynamic-systems
approach
The effects of climate, noise, population density, family size, and multiethnic communities
illustrate that development is - correct answer multicontextual
, Dr. Kolbe is studying the impact of exosystems on human development. Which of the following
would Dr. Kolbe be MOST interested in examining? - correct answer medical centers and
religious institutions
Which statement about scientific observation is true? - correct answer It involves recording
behavior systematically and objectively
the second step in the scientific method involves - correct answer developing a hypothesis
Bettie grew up in the Great Depression, while her granddaugher is part of the millennial
generation. Bettie and her granddaughter belong to a different - correct answer cohorts
A correlation indicates that there is ______ between two variables - correct answer a
relationship
Which example best illustrates a sensitive period? - correct answer a child learning to speak a
second language
Zachary is a part-time construction worker. Noah is an attorney. These occupations reflect
Zachary and Noah's - correct answer SES
Genes alone do not determine development; environmental forces also shape development.
This information has led to the understanding that many human characteristics are - correct
answer epigenetic
Race and ethnicity are different terms for the same thing - correct answer False
According to the dynamic-systems approach, human development is a static process. - correct
answer False
The term cohort refers to individuals born in the same geographical region and within the same
social class. - correct answer False
Using careful analysis of evidence gathered in the research, investigators are able to conclude
whether the hypothesis is supported - correct answer True
A research question becomes a hypothesis when it is stated as a prediction that can be
examined - correct answer True
The primary goal of the scientific method is to generate data that support the researcher's
hypotheses. - correct answer False
Dr. Tucker and his research team are interested in how aggression changes as we age. The team
will recruit 100 3-year-old children and assess their levels of aggression every three years until
the participants turn 21. This is an example of cross-sectional research. - correct answer False
When two variables are unrelated, the correlation between them is zero. - correct answer True
