HTH 100 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
What is a pathogen? -- Answer ✔✔ A microorganism that causes disease
What is an epidemic? -- Answer ✔✔ A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease
in a community at a particular time.
What is a pandemic? -- Answer ✔✔ A global disease outbreak
What is an endemic? -- Answer ✔✔ A disease that is always present to some degree
but usually less impactful as time goes on (i.e. common cold)
What is virulence? -- Answer ✔✔ Degree of pathogenicity
What does it mean to be immunocompromised? -- Answer ✔✔ When an individual has
a weak immune system and their immune system becomes impacted
, How do pathogens gain entry? -- Answer ✔✔ Wounds or physical trauma, direct
contact, indirect contact (touching something an infected person touched), animal-
bourne, interspecies-transmission, etc.
What is animal-bourne diseases? -- Answer ✔✔ Carried by animals
What does it mean to autoinoculate yourself? -- Answer ✔✔ When a person transmits
a pathogen from one part of their body to another
Risk factors you can control -- Answer ✔✔ Stress, nutrition, fitness level, sleep, drug
use, personal hygiene, high-risk behaviors, exposure to products and services that
increase risk
Routes of disease transmission -- Answer ✔✔ Airborne, Direct Contact (blood / saliva
/urine), reproductive, fomite (on surfaces), Vector (insects).
Hard-to-control risk factors -- Answer ✔✔ Heredity, Age- weakened immune system
(young or older adults), Environmental conditions-changes are increasing infectious
diseases, Organism virulence and resistance- organisms mutated/more resistant to drugs
Physical and chemical defenses against infection -- Answer ✔✔ Skin, Enzymes in body
secretions (sweat), Internal linings of the body (mucus membranes), Immune system
defenses
What is immunity? -- Answer ✔✔ The ability of an organism to resist infection
SOLUTIONS
What is a pathogen? -- Answer ✔✔ A microorganism that causes disease
What is an epidemic? -- Answer ✔✔ A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease
in a community at a particular time.
What is a pandemic? -- Answer ✔✔ A global disease outbreak
What is an endemic? -- Answer ✔✔ A disease that is always present to some degree
but usually less impactful as time goes on (i.e. common cold)
What is virulence? -- Answer ✔✔ Degree of pathogenicity
What does it mean to be immunocompromised? -- Answer ✔✔ When an individual has
a weak immune system and their immune system becomes impacted
, How do pathogens gain entry? -- Answer ✔✔ Wounds or physical trauma, direct
contact, indirect contact (touching something an infected person touched), animal-
bourne, interspecies-transmission, etc.
What is animal-bourne diseases? -- Answer ✔✔ Carried by animals
What does it mean to autoinoculate yourself? -- Answer ✔✔ When a person transmits
a pathogen from one part of their body to another
Risk factors you can control -- Answer ✔✔ Stress, nutrition, fitness level, sleep, drug
use, personal hygiene, high-risk behaviors, exposure to products and services that
increase risk
Routes of disease transmission -- Answer ✔✔ Airborne, Direct Contact (blood / saliva
/urine), reproductive, fomite (on surfaces), Vector (insects).
Hard-to-control risk factors -- Answer ✔✔ Heredity, Age- weakened immune system
(young or older adults), Environmental conditions-changes are increasing infectious
diseases, Organism virulence and resistance- organisms mutated/more resistant to drugs
Physical and chemical defenses against infection -- Answer ✔✔ Skin, Enzymes in body
secretions (sweat), Internal linings of the body (mucus membranes), Immune system
defenses
What is immunity? -- Answer ✔✔ The ability of an organism to resist infection
