FLUID $ ELECTROLYTE
IMBALANCES QUESTIONS EXAM
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
The nurse is assessing the patient at risk for fluid volume excess. Which
findings indicate that the patient has fluid volume excess? (Select all that
apply)
a. Increased, bounding pulse
b. Jugular venous distention
c. Diminished peripheral pulses
d. Presence of crackles
e. Excessive thirst
f. Elevated blood pressure
g. Orthostatic hypotension
h. Skin pale and cool to touch - CORRECT-ANSWERSa. Increased, bounding
pulse
b. Jugular venous distention
d. Presence of crackles
f. Elevated blood pressure
,h. Skin pale and cool to touch
Which analogy best approximates the principles of diffusion and
concentration gradient?
a. Game with four players on one side and eight on the other; two move over
to create six per side
b. Community fun run where 2000 participants move across the line in a
mass start.
c. Basketball game of five players per side; all players move across the court.
d. Concert where 1000 people are trying to enter through a single gate. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSa. Game with four players on one side and eight on the
other; two move over to create six per side.
The patient's blood osmolality is 302 mOsm/L. What manifestation does the
nurse expect to see in the patient?
a. Increased urine output
b. Thirst
c. Peripheral edema
d. Nausea - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. Thirst
The patient is at risk for fluid volume excess. For self-management at home,
what does the nurse teach the patient to do?
a. Increase diuretic dose if swelling occurs.
b. Limit the amount of free water in relation to sodium intake.
c. Monitor his or her skin turgor.
,d. Weigh self each day on the same scale. - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Weigh self
each day on the same scale.
The older adult patient at risk for fluid and electrolyte problems is vigilantly
monitored by the nurse for the first indication of a fluid balance problem.
What is this indication?
a. Fever
b. Mental status change
c. Poor skin turgor
d. Dry mucous membranes - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. Mental status change
Which person is most likely to have symptoms related to poor lymph
circulation?
a. Person with carpal tunnel syndrome
b. Marathon runner
c. Person with a history of myocardial infarction
d. Frequent overseas flyer - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Frequent overseas flyer
Based on the factors of age, gender, and body type, which patient has the
smallest percentage of total body water?
a. Thin 78-year-old adult man
b. Obese 35-year-old man
c. Thin 25-year-old woman
d. Obese 68-year-old woman - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Obese 68-year-old
woman
Which intake-output record represents the norm for the average adult?
, a. 500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 200 mL of fluid from food.
b. 1500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 800 mL of fluid from
food.
c. 3000 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 500 mL of fluid from food.
d. 5000 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 100 mL of fluid from
food. - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. 1500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an
additional 800 mL of fluid from food.
What is the consequence and clinical manifestation for the patient who does
not meet the obligatory urine output?
a. Increased salivation and alkalosis
b. Increased thirst with dry mucous membranes
c. Lethal electrolyte imbalance and acidosis
d. Bradycardia and decreased nitrogen level. - CORRECT-ANSWERSc. Lethal
electrolyte imbalance and acidosis
What is the minimum amount of urine per day needed to excrete toxic waste
products?
a. 200 to 300 mL
b. 400 to 600 mL
c. 500 to 1000 mL
d. 1000 to 1500 mL - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. 400 to 600 mL
Which patient in the medical surgical unit is most likely to have increased
aldosterone secretion?
a. Patient who has excessive salt ingestion
IMBALANCES QUESTIONS EXAM
WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
The nurse is assessing the patient at risk for fluid volume excess. Which
findings indicate that the patient has fluid volume excess? (Select all that
apply)
a. Increased, bounding pulse
b. Jugular venous distention
c. Diminished peripheral pulses
d. Presence of crackles
e. Excessive thirst
f. Elevated blood pressure
g. Orthostatic hypotension
h. Skin pale and cool to touch - CORRECT-ANSWERSa. Increased, bounding
pulse
b. Jugular venous distention
d. Presence of crackles
f. Elevated blood pressure
,h. Skin pale and cool to touch
Which analogy best approximates the principles of diffusion and
concentration gradient?
a. Game with four players on one side and eight on the other; two move over
to create six per side
b. Community fun run where 2000 participants move across the line in a
mass start.
c. Basketball game of five players per side; all players move across the court.
d. Concert where 1000 people are trying to enter through a single gate. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSa. Game with four players on one side and eight on the
other; two move over to create six per side.
The patient's blood osmolality is 302 mOsm/L. What manifestation does the
nurse expect to see in the patient?
a. Increased urine output
b. Thirst
c. Peripheral edema
d. Nausea - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. Thirst
The patient is at risk for fluid volume excess. For self-management at home,
what does the nurse teach the patient to do?
a. Increase diuretic dose if swelling occurs.
b. Limit the amount of free water in relation to sodium intake.
c. Monitor his or her skin turgor.
,d. Weigh self each day on the same scale. - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Weigh self
each day on the same scale.
The older adult patient at risk for fluid and electrolyte problems is vigilantly
monitored by the nurse for the first indication of a fluid balance problem.
What is this indication?
a. Fever
b. Mental status change
c. Poor skin turgor
d. Dry mucous membranes - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. Mental status change
Which person is most likely to have symptoms related to poor lymph
circulation?
a. Person with carpal tunnel syndrome
b. Marathon runner
c. Person with a history of myocardial infarction
d. Frequent overseas flyer - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Frequent overseas flyer
Based on the factors of age, gender, and body type, which patient has the
smallest percentage of total body water?
a. Thin 78-year-old adult man
b. Obese 35-year-old man
c. Thin 25-year-old woman
d. Obese 68-year-old woman - CORRECT-ANSWERSd. Obese 68-year-old
woman
Which intake-output record represents the norm for the average adult?
, a. 500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 200 mL of fluid from food.
b. 1500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 800 mL of fluid from
food.
c. 3000 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 500 mL of fluid from food.
d. 5000 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 100 mL of fluid from
food. - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. 1500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an
additional 800 mL of fluid from food.
What is the consequence and clinical manifestation for the patient who does
not meet the obligatory urine output?
a. Increased salivation and alkalosis
b. Increased thirst with dry mucous membranes
c. Lethal electrolyte imbalance and acidosis
d. Bradycardia and decreased nitrogen level. - CORRECT-ANSWERSc. Lethal
electrolyte imbalance and acidosis
What is the minimum amount of urine per day needed to excrete toxic waste
products?
a. 200 to 300 mL
b. 400 to 600 mL
c. 500 to 1000 mL
d. 1000 to 1500 mL - CORRECT-ANSWERSb. 400 to 600 mL
Which patient in the medical surgical unit is most likely to have increased
aldosterone secretion?
a. Patient who has excessive salt ingestion
