EMERGENCY CARE AND TRANSPORTATION OF THE SICK AND
INJURED 12TH EDITION CHAPTER 6: THE HUMAN BODY
Abdomen - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion and
excretion. It is located below the diaphragm and above the pelvis.
Acetabulum - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The depression on the lateral pelvis where its three
component bones join, in which the femoral head fits snugly
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The nucleotide involved in energy
metabolism; used to store energy
Adrenal Glands - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that
release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
Adrenergic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter
norepinephrine, or noradrenaline (such as adrenergic nerves, adrenergic response). The term also
pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine, that is, the adrenergic receptors.
Aerobic Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of
oxygen.
Agonal Gasps - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow, gasping
breaths, sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest
alpha-adrenergic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Portions of the nervous system that, when
stimulated, can cause constriction of blood vessels.
Alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide takes place.
Anaerobic Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Metabolism that takes place in the absence of
oxygen; the main by-product is lactic acid
,Anatomic Position - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The position of reference in which the patient stands
facing you, arms at the side, with the palms of the hands forward.
Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The study of the physical structures of the body and its
components
Aorta - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the
circulatory system. In humans it passes over the heart from the left ventricle and runs down in front of
the backbone.
Appendicular Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The portion of the skeletal system that comprises
the arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulder girdle.
Appendix - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A small tubular structure that is attached to the lower border of
the cecum in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.
Arterioles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of
capillaries.
Articular Cartilage - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A pearly layer of specialized cartilage covering the
articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints.
Atrium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅one of two upper chambers of the heart
autonomic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the part of the nervous system that regulates
functions such as digestion and sweating, that are not controlled voluntarily
Axial Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The part of the skeleton comprising the skull, spinal
column, and rib cage.
, Axons - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅extensions of a neuron that carry impulses away from the nerve cell
body to the dendrites (receivers) of another neuron
ball and socket joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A joint that allows internal and external rotation, as
well as bending.
beta-adrenergic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Portions of the nervous system that, when
stimulated, can cause an increase in the force of contraction of the heart, an increased heart rate, and
bronchial dilation.
Biceps - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The large muscle that covers the front of the humerus.
Bile Ducts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The ducts that convey bile between the liver and the intestine.
Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pressure exerted by the blood upon the walls of the blood
vessels, especially arteries, usually measured by means of a sphygmomanometer and expressed in
millimeters of mercury.
Brachial Artery - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The major vessel in the upper extremity that supplies
blood to the arm.
Brain - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The controlling organ of the body and center of consciousness;
functions include perception, control of reactions to the environment, emotional responses, and
judgment.
Brainstem - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The area of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebrum,
surrounded by the cerebellum; controls functions that are necessary for life, such as respiration
Calcaneus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅heel bone
INJURED 12TH EDITION CHAPTER 6: THE HUMAN BODY
Abdomen - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion and
excretion. It is located below the diaphragm and above the pelvis.
Acetabulum - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The depression on the lateral pelvis where its three
component bones join, in which the femoral head fits snugly
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The nucleotide involved in energy
metabolism; used to store energy
Adrenal Glands - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that
release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
Adrenergic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter
norepinephrine, or noradrenaline (such as adrenergic nerves, adrenergic response). The term also
pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine, that is, the adrenergic receptors.
Aerobic Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of
oxygen.
Agonal Gasps - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow, gasping
breaths, sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest
alpha-adrenergic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Portions of the nervous system that, when
stimulated, can cause constriction of blood vessels.
Alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide takes place.
Anaerobic Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Metabolism that takes place in the absence of
oxygen; the main by-product is lactic acid
,Anatomic Position - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The position of reference in which the patient stands
facing you, arms at the side, with the palms of the hands forward.
Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The study of the physical structures of the body and its
components
Aorta - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the
circulatory system. In humans it passes over the heart from the left ventricle and runs down in front of
the backbone.
Appendicular Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The portion of the skeletal system that comprises
the arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulder girdle.
Appendix - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A small tubular structure that is attached to the lower border of
the cecum in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.
Arterioles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of
capillaries.
Articular Cartilage - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A pearly layer of specialized cartilage covering the
articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints.
Atrium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅one of two upper chambers of the heart
autonomic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the part of the nervous system that regulates
functions such as digestion and sweating, that are not controlled voluntarily
Axial Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The part of the skeleton comprising the skull, spinal
column, and rib cage.
, Axons - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅extensions of a neuron that carry impulses away from the nerve cell
body to the dendrites (receivers) of another neuron
ball and socket joint - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A joint that allows internal and external rotation, as
well as bending.
beta-adrenergic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Portions of the nervous system that, when
stimulated, can cause an increase in the force of contraction of the heart, an increased heart rate, and
bronchial dilation.
Biceps - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The large muscle that covers the front of the humerus.
Bile Ducts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The ducts that convey bile between the liver and the intestine.
Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pressure exerted by the blood upon the walls of the blood
vessels, especially arteries, usually measured by means of a sphygmomanometer and expressed in
millimeters of mercury.
Brachial Artery - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The major vessel in the upper extremity that supplies
blood to the arm.
Brain - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The controlling organ of the body and center of consciousness;
functions include perception, control of reactions to the environment, emotional responses, and
judgment.
Brainstem - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The area of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebrum,
surrounded by the cerebellum; controls functions that are necessary for life, such as respiration
Calcaneus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅heel bone
