BMAT-SECTION 2 FLASH CARDS(BIOLOGY) questions
with verified answers
DESCRIBE THE REGULATION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE? Ans✓✓✓ Regulating
blood glucose
Glucose is needed by cells for respiration. It is important that the
concentration of glucose in the blood is maintained at a constant level
and controlled carefully. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas
which regulates glucose concentrations in the blood.
If the blood glucose concentration is too high, the pancreas produces
the hormone insulin, this causes glucose to move from the blood into
the cells. In liver and muscle cells excess glucose is converted to
glycogen for storage, and will be used at a later date.
EXPLAIN HOW EVOLUTION CAN OCCUR THROUGH NATURAL
SELECTION? Ans✓✓✓ Individuals in a species show a wide range of
variation and this variation is because of differences in their genes.
Individuals with characteristics most suited to their environment are
more likely to survive and reproduce. The genes that allow these
individuals to be successful are passed to their offspring.
Those that are poorly adapted to their environment are less likely to
survive and reproduce. This means that their genes are less likely to be
passed on to the next generation.
Given time, a species will gradually evolve.
Both genes and the environment can cause variation, but only genetic
variation can be passed on to the next generation.
,HOW ARE SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS SPREAD? Ans✓✓✓
This infection is transmitted by body fluids, often during unprotected
sex, but also through cuts and injecting drugs using shared needles.
Immediately after infection, people often suffer mild flu-like symptoms.
These pass, and for a period of time infected people might not know
they are infected.
HOW CAN WE REDUCE THE SPREAD OF HIV INFECTION? Ans✓✓✓ The
transmission of pathogens can be prevented or reduced in a number of
ways. ... Using barrier contraception, like condoms, stops the transfer
of bodily fluids and sexually transmitted diseases.
HOW DOES THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE OCCUR? Ans✓✓✓
1)random mutations occur in the genes of individual bacterial cells
2)some mutations protect the bacterial cell from the effects of the
antibiotic
3)bacteria without the mutation die or cannot reproduce when the
antibiotic is present
4)resistant bacteria can reproduce with less competition from normal
bacterial strains
HOW TO IMPLY SEX DETERMINATION? Ans✓✓✓ Males have XY
Females have XX.
-We can establish the sex ratio by use of a punnet square.
,HOW WOULD UNDERSTAND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS? Ans✓✓✓ Know and
understand that genes carry the code for proteins.
Know and understand that the genetic code is 'read' as triplets, and
that each triplet codes for an amino acid.
Understand that protein synthesis involves the production of proteins
from amino acids
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE STRUCTURE OF DNA? Ans✓✓✓ DNA
is a polymer made up of two strands forming a double helix
DNA is made from four different nucleotides, each consisting of a
common sugar and phosphate group along with one of four different
bases attached to the sugar.
complementary pairs of bases - adenine (A) with thymine (T), guanine
(G) with cytosine (C) - and that the sequence of these bases is the
genetic code.
HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND A FOOD CHAIN? Ans✓✓✓ The Sun is
the ultimate source of energy for most communities of living things.
Green plants are usually the producers in a food chain.
Producers are organisms that make their own organic nutrients (food) -
usually using energy from sunlight. Green plants make their food by
photosynthesis. The other organisms in a food chain are consumers,
because they all get their energy by consuming other organisms.
, HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND ANTIBIOTIC RESISITANCE? Ans✓✓✓
Bacteria can evolve quickly because they reproduce at a fast rate.
Mutations of bacteria produce new strains. Some bacteria might
become resistant to certain antibiotics, such as penicillin, and cannot be
destroyed by the antibiotic. The evolution of the bacteria is an example
of natural selection.
HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND STEM CELLS? Ans✓✓✓ Know that
embryonic stem cells can give rise to any cell type.
Know that cells lose this ability as an animal matures
HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND THE CARBON CYCLE? Ans✓✓✓
Carbon enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide from respiration and
combustion.
Carbon dioxide is absorbed by producers to make glucose in
photosynthesis.
Animals feed on the plant passing the carbon compounds along the
food chain. Most of the carbon they consume is exhaled as carbon
dioxide that was formed during aerobic respiration. The animals and
plants eventually die.
Decomposers break down the dead organisms and return the carbon in
their bodies to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide by respiration. In
some conditions, decomposition is blocked. The plant and animal
material may then be available as fossil fuel in the future for
combustion.
with verified answers
DESCRIBE THE REGULATION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE? Ans✓✓✓ Regulating
blood glucose
Glucose is needed by cells for respiration. It is important that the
concentration of glucose in the blood is maintained at a constant level
and controlled carefully. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas
which regulates glucose concentrations in the blood.
If the blood glucose concentration is too high, the pancreas produces
the hormone insulin, this causes glucose to move from the blood into
the cells. In liver and muscle cells excess glucose is converted to
glycogen for storage, and will be used at a later date.
EXPLAIN HOW EVOLUTION CAN OCCUR THROUGH NATURAL
SELECTION? Ans✓✓✓ Individuals in a species show a wide range of
variation and this variation is because of differences in their genes.
Individuals with characteristics most suited to their environment are
more likely to survive and reproduce. The genes that allow these
individuals to be successful are passed to their offspring.
Those that are poorly adapted to their environment are less likely to
survive and reproduce. This means that their genes are less likely to be
passed on to the next generation.
Given time, a species will gradually evolve.
Both genes and the environment can cause variation, but only genetic
variation can be passed on to the next generation.
,HOW ARE SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS SPREAD? Ans✓✓✓
This infection is transmitted by body fluids, often during unprotected
sex, but also through cuts and injecting drugs using shared needles.
Immediately after infection, people often suffer mild flu-like symptoms.
These pass, and for a period of time infected people might not know
they are infected.
HOW CAN WE REDUCE THE SPREAD OF HIV INFECTION? Ans✓✓✓ The
transmission of pathogens can be prevented or reduced in a number of
ways. ... Using barrier contraception, like condoms, stops the transfer
of bodily fluids and sexually transmitted diseases.
HOW DOES THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE OCCUR? Ans✓✓✓
1)random mutations occur in the genes of individual bacterial cells
2)some mutations protect the bacterial cell from the effects of the
antibiotic
3)bacteria without the mutation die or cannot reproduce when the
antibiotic is present
4)resistant bacteria can reproduce with less competition from normal
bacterial strains
HOW TO IMPLY SEX DETERMINATION? Ans✓✓✓ Males have XY
Females have XX.
-We can establish the sex ratio by use of a punnet square.
,HOW WOULD UNDERSTAND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS? Ans✓✓✓ Know and
understand that genes carry the code for proteins.
Know and understand that the genetic code is 'read' as triplets, and
that each triplet codes for an amino acid.
Understand that protein synthesis involves the production of proteins
from amino acids
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE STRUCTURE OF DNA? Ans✓✓✓ DNA
is a polymer made up of two strands forming a double helix
DNA is made from four different nucleotides, each consisting of a
common sugar and phosphate group along with one of four different
bases attached to the sugar.
complementary pairs of bases - adenine (A) with thymine (T), guanine
(G) with cytosine (C) - and that the sequence of these bases is the
genetic code.
HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND A FOOD CHAIN? Ans✓✓✓ The Sun is
the ultimate source of energy for most communities of living things.
Green plants are usually the producers in a food chain.
Producers are organisms that make their own organic nutrients (food) -
usually using energy from sunlight. Green plants make their food by
photosynthesis. The other organisms in a food chain are consumers,
because they all get their energy by consuming other organisms.
, HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND ANTIBIOTIC RESISITANCE? Ans✓✓✓
Bacteria can evolve quickly because they reproduce at a fast rate.
Mutations of bacteria produce new strains. Some bacteria might
become resistant to certain antibiotics, such as penicillin, and cannot be
destroyed by the antibiotic. The evolution of the bacteria is an example
of natural selection.
HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND STEM CELLS? Ans✓✓✓ Know that
embryonic stem cells can give rise to any cell type.
Know that cells lose this ability as an animal matures
HOW WOULD YOU UNDERSTAND THE CARBON CYCLE? Ans✓✓✓
Carbon enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide from respiration and
combustion.
Carbon dioxide is absorbed by producers to make glucose in
photosynthesis.
Animals feed on the plant passing the carbon compounds along the
food chain. Most of the carbon they consume is exhaled as carbon
dioxide that was formed during aerobic respiration. The animals and
plants eventually die.
Decomposers break down the dead organisms and return the carbon in
their bodies to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide by respiration. In
some conditions, decomposition is blocked. The plant and animal
material may then be available as fossil fuel in the future for
combustion.
