ILLINOIS EMT FINAL EXAM
PREP/COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE 2025 ACTUAL
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-gastric distention
-not allowing for gas exchange
-increased free radical production
-air may be trapped and chest pressure can remain higher
-reduction of blood volume to left ventricle and decreased cardiac output
-reduced negative pressure that can be generated
Choose matching term
1 internal respiration 2 bronchodilator
3 how to size npa 4 risks of over ventilation when using PPV
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, -gas exchange between the cells and the systemic capillaries
internal respiration
-deliver oxygen, pick up CO2
external respiration -gas exchange between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries
-body cells break down glucose to produce ATP for the cell
cellular respiration -aerobic and anaerobic
-glycolysis, Krebs, ETC
1. put together the machine
2. reposition the airway
proper technique for suctioning 3.insert rigid catheter
4. hold down suction and sweep through mouth and remove
5. no more than 10 sec
-rhonchi
types of abnormal breath
-wheezing
sounds
-crackles
-high pitched whistling sound
-swelling and constriction of the lining of the airways
wheezing
-heard on exhalation
-asthma, emphysema, bronchitis
-snot in the tube
-obstruction of airways due to thick mucus secretions
rhonchi
-heard changes based on position
-bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia
-heard on inhalation
crackles -fluid in alveoli or small bronchioles
-pneumonia, pulmonary edema
how to size opa -from corner of mouth to earlobe
how to size npa -tip of nose to earlobe
-relaxes smooth muscle of bronchioles reverses
desired effects of a beta2 bronchoconstriction
agonist -better gas exchange
-effective movement of air in and out of the alveoli
presentations of pediatric -tachycardia (130+)
hypoxia based on vital signs -elevation in blood pressure (100/70)
pediatric blood pressure 100/70
why do children become -twice the metabolic rate
hypoxic so much faster than -small oxygen reserve
adults?
predict hypoxia based on -hypoxia is more likely the lower the circulating blood volume
circulating blood volume
-tongue
-foreign body
common causes of upper airway -aspiration
obstruction -swelling
-infection
-trauma
explain airway alignment of -head is large compared to body so padding might be need in
pediatric under 2 years order to keep the airway aligned but not stretched