Object Oriented Programming
The structure, or building blocks, of object-oriented programming include
the following:
● Classes are user-defined data types that act as the blueprint for individual
objects, attributes and methods.
● Objects are instances of a class created with specifically defined data.
Objects can correspond to real-world objects or an abstract entity. When
class is defined initially, the description is the only object that is defined.
● Methods are functions that are defined inside a class that describe the
behaviors of an object. Each method contained in class definitions starts with
a reference to an instance object. Additionally, the subroutines contained in
an object are called instance methods. Programmers use methods for
reusability or keeping functionality encapsulated inside one object at a time.
● Attributes are defined in the class template and represent the state of an
object. Objects will have data stored in the attributes field. Class attributes
belong to the class itself.
Main principles of OOP
● Encapsulation This principle states that all important information is
contained inside an object and only select information is exposed. The
implementation and state of each object are privately held inside a defined
class. Other objects do not have access to this class or the authority to make
changes. They are only able to call a list of public functions or methods. This
characteristic of data hiding provides greater program security and avoids
unintended data corruption.
● Abstraction Objects only reveal internal mechanisms that are relevant for
the use of other objects, hiding any unnecessary implementation code. The
derived class can have its functionality extended. This concept can help
developers more easily make additional changes or additions over time.
● Inheritance- Classes can reuse code from other classes. Relationships and
subclasses between objects can be assigned, enabling developers to reuse
common logic while still maintaining a unique hierarchy. This property of OOP
forces a more thorough data analysis, reduces development time and
ensures a higher level of accuracy.
The structure, or building blocks, of object-oriented programming include
the following:
● Classes are user-defined data types that act as the blueprint for individual
objects, attributes and methods.
● Objects are instances of a class created with specifically defined data.
Objects can correspond to real-world objects or an abstract entity. When
class is defined initially, the description is the only object that is defined.
● Methods are functions that are defined inside a class that describe the
behaviors of an object. Each method contained in class definitions starts with
a reference to an instance object. Additionally, the subroutines contained in
an object are called instance methods. Programmers use methods for
reusability or keeping functionality encapsulated inside one object at a time.
● Attributes are defined in the class template and represent the state of an
object. Objects will have data stored in the attributes field. Class attributes
belong to the class itself.
Main principles of OOP
● Encapsulation This principle states that all important information is
contained inside an object and only select information is exposed. The
implementation and state of each object are privately held inside a defined
class. Other objects do not have access to this class or the authority to make
changes. They are only able to call a list of public functions or methods. This
characteristic of data hiding provides greater program security and avoids
unintended data corruption.
● Abstraction Objects only reveal internal mechanisms that are relevant for
the use of other objects, hiding any unnecessary implementation code. The
derived class can have its functionality extended. This concept can help
developers more easily make additional changes or additions over time.
● Inheritance- Classes can reuse code from other classes. Relationships and
subclasses between objects can be assigned, enabling developers to reuse
common logic while still maintaining a unique hierarchy. This property of OOP
forces a more thorough data analysis, reduces development time and
ensures a higher level of accuracy.
