BIOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM PENN FOSTER QUESTIONS
COMPLETE 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
BRAND NEW!!
Characteristics of living things - ANSWER >>>>-All are composed
of cells
-All obtain energy and use it to develop
-Can sense changes in the environment and adjust in response to
change
-Exhibit modifications that represent adaptations to their
environment
Levels of Biological Organization - ANSWER >>>>atom,
molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
How are organisms classified? - ANSWER >>>>on the basis of
their evolutionary/genetic relatedness
What is the scientific method? What is it's importance in biological
sciences? - ANSWER >>>>Process used to validate observations
while minimizing observer bias
It's goal is for research to be conduced in a fair, unbiased and
repeatable manner. The best way to discover how and why the
world works
What is matter? - ANSWER >>>>Anything that has mass and
takes up space
What is an atom? - ANSWER >>>>smallest unit of matter that
retains all the chemical properties of an element. They combine to
form molecules which then form into a solid, gas or liquid
,What is the structure of an atom? - ANSWER >>>>Nucleus in the
center that contains protons (positively charged) and neutrons (no
charge). The outermost region is called an electron shell that
contain the electrons (negatively charged)
What is an ionic bond? - ANSWER >>>>A chemical bond that's
formed when an atom transfers and electron to another Atom
What is a covalent bond? - ANSWER >>>>Results when 2 atoms
share electrons in order to have a completed outer shell
What is a double covalent bond? - ANSWER >>>>Occurs when 2
atoms share 2 pairs of electroms
In order to be an organic molecule it must contain what? -
ANSWER >>>>Carbon and hydrogen
What are the main groups of organic molecules that build cells
and their parts? - ANSWER >>>>Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids,
nucleic acid
What are the properties of water? - ANSWER >>>>Its attraction
to polar molecules.
High-specific heat.
High heat of vaporization.
The lower density of ice.
High polarity.
Carbohydrates - ANSWER >>>>Broken down to glucose to
provide energy.
What are the different kinds of carbs? - ANSWER >>>>Glucose=
monosaccharide that serves as blood sugar
Sucrose= disaccharide which is table sugar
,Polysaccharides= include starch, which stores energy in plants
Glycogen= stores energy in animals
Cellulose= makes up the structure of plant cell walls
Protein - ANSWER >>>>macromolecule that contains carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth
and repair
Lipid - ANSWER >>>>Energy-rich organic compounds, such as
fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen.
Serve as a long term energy source
Nucleic acid - ANSWER >>>>macromolecule containing
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
Form DNA which acts to store genetic information
What is the cell theory? - ANSWER >>>>All living organisms are
made up of cells
The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living
organisms
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
Ribosome - ANSWER >>>>Makes proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER >>>>A cell structure that
forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other
materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
Smooth ER - ANSWER >>>>Makes lipids
Rough ER - ANSWER >>>>That portion of the endoplasmic
reticulum studded with ribosomes.
, Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER >>>>Sorts and packs protein into
vesicles and transports them
Lysosome - ANSWER >>>>Digests food, bacteria and worn out
organelles
Vacuole - ANSWER >>>>Stores food, enzymes and other
material
Mitochondria - ANSWER >>>>Powerhouse of the cell- produces
energy for growth, development and movement
Nucleus - ANSWER >>>>A part of the cell containing DNA and
RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
Cell wall - ANSWER >>>>A rigid structure that surrounds the cell
membrane and provides support to the cell
Explain the process of diffusion: - ANSWER >>>>Molecules move
from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration until the concentration of molecules is the same at
both sites
Explain the process of osmosis: - ANSWER >>>>Water moves
from areas of low solute concentration to areas of high solute
concentration
Describe a basic enzymatic reaction: - ANSWER >>>>S+E= P+E
E represents the enzyme catalyzing the reaction
S is the substance being changed
P is the product of the reaction
COMPLETE 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
BRAND NEW!!
Characteristics of living things - ANSWER >>>>-All are composed
of cells
-All obtain energy and use it to develop
-Can sense changes in the environment and adjust in response to
change
-Exhibit modifications that represent adaptations to their
environment
Levels of Biological Organization - ANSWER >>>>atom,
molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
How are organisms classified? - ANSWER >>>>on the basis of
their evolutionary/genetic relatedness
What is the scientific method? What is it's importance in biological
sciences? - ANSWER >>>>Process used to validate observations
while minimizing observer bias
It's goal is for research to be conduced in a fair, unbiased and
repeatable manner. The best way to discover how and why the
world works
What is matter? - ANSWER >>>>Anything that has mass and
takes up space
What is an atom? - ANSWER >>>>smallest unit of matter that
retains all the chemical properties of an element. They combine to
form molecules which then form into a solid, gas or liquid
,What is the structure of an atom? - ANSWER >>>>Nucleus in the
center that contains protons (positively charged) and neutrons (no
charge). The outermost region is called an electron shell that
contain the electrons (negatively charged)
What is an ionic bond? - ANSWER >>>>A chemical bond that's
formed when an atom transfers and electron to another Atom
What is a covalent bond? - ANSWER >>>>Results when 2 atoms
share electrons in order to have a completed outer shell
What is a double covalent bond? - ANSWER >>>>Occurs when 2
atoms share 2 pairs of electroms
In order to be an organic molecule it must contain what? -
ANSWER >>>>Carbon and hydrogen
What are the main groups of organic molecules that build cells
and their parts? - ANSWER >>>>Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids,
nucleic acid
What are the properties of water? - ANSWER >>>>Its attraction
to polar molecules.
High-specific heat.
High heat of vaporization.
The lower density of ice.
High polarity.
Carbohydrates - ANSWER >>>>Broken down to glucose to
provide energy.
What are the different kinds of carbs? - ANSWER >>>>Glucose=
monosaccharide that serves as blood sugar
Sucrose= disaccharide which is table sugar
,Polysaccharides= include starch, which stores energy in plants
Glycogen= stores energy in animals
Cellulose= makes up the structure of plant cell walls
Protein - ANSWER >>>>macromolecule that contains carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth
and repair
Lipid - ANSWER >>>>Energy-rich organic compounds, such as
fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen.
Serve as a long term energy source
Nucleic acid - ANSWER >>>>macromolecule containing
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
Form DNA which acts to store genetic information
What is the cell theory? - ANSWER >>>>All living organisms are
made up of cells
The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living
organisms
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
Ribosome - ANSWER >>>>Makes proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER >>>>A cell structure that
forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other
materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
Smooth ER - ANSWER >>>>Makes lipids
Rough ER - ANSWER >>>>That portion of the endoplasmic
reticulum studded with ribosomes.
, Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER >>>>Sorts and packs protein into
vesicles and transports them
Lysosome - ANSWER >>>>Digests food, bacteria and worn out
organelles
Vacuole - ANSWER >>>>Stores food, enzymes and other
material
Mitochondria - ANSWER >>>>Powerhouse of the cell- produces
energy for growth, development and movement
Nucleus - ANSWER >>>>A part of the cell containing DNA and
RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
Cell wall - ANSWER >>>>A rigid structure that surrounds the cell
membrane and provides support to the cell
Explain the process of diffusion: - ANSWER >>>>Molecules move
from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration until the concentration of molecules is the same at
both sites
Explain the process of osmosis: - ANSWER >>>>Water moves
from areas of low solute concentration to areas of high solute
concentration
Describe a basic enzymatic reaction: - ANSWER >>>>S+E= P+E
E represents the enzyme catalyzing the reaction
S is the substance being changed
P is the product of the reaction
