DBMS
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Introduction to DBMS
DBMS stands for Database Management System. We can break it like this DBMS =
Database + Management System. Database is a collection of data and Management System
is a set of programs to store and retrieve those data. Based on this we can define DBMS like
this: DBMS is a collection of inter-related data and set of programs to store & access those
data in an easy and effective manner.
What is DBMS?
DBMS is a software that is used to manage the data. Some of the popular DBMS
softwares are: MySQL, IBM Db2, Oracle, PostgreSQL etc.
DBMS provides an interface to the user so that the operations on database can be
performed using the interface.
DBMS secure the data, that is the main advantage of DBMS over file system.
DBMS also secures the data from unauthorised access as well as corrupt data insertions.
It allows multiple users to access data simultaneously while maintaining the data
consistency and data integrity.
DBMS allows following operations to the authorized users of the database:
Data Definition: Creation of table, table schema creation, removal of table definition etc.
comes under data definition. It is basically a layout of the table and their relation with the
other tables in the database. This allows to properly structure the data in such a way so
that the data that is related or dependent on other data in real world can be represented
the same way in database.
Data Modification: DBMS allows users to insert, update and delete the data from the
tables. These tables contains rows and columns, where row represents a record of data
while column represents attributes of the records. You can also bulk update the several
records in DBMS with a single click.
Data Retrieval: DBMS allows users to fetch data from the database. Searching and retrieval
of data is fast in DBMS. The size of the database doesn’t impact this operation, on the
other hand in file system, the size of the data can hugely impact the search operation
efficiency.
User administration: DBMS also allows user management such as organizing users in
different groups with different access levels. Granting users access to certain tables in
database, revoking access from certain users etc. This allows the admin of the database to
efficiently manage the access to the database and prevent unauthorised access to the
databases.
What is the need of DBMS?
Database systems are basically developed for large amount of data. When dealing with
huge amount of data, there are two things that require optimization: Storage of
data and retrieval of data.
Address: 62-H Block, Above SBI Bank, Sri Ganganagar(Raj)
Contact No: 9509738551 Page 1
,Purpose of Database Systems
The main purpose of database systems is to manage the data. Consider a university that
keeps the data of students, teachers, courses, books etc. To manage this data we need to
store this data somewhere where we can add new data, delete unused data, update
outdated data, retrieve data, to perform these operations on data we need a Database
management system that allows us to store the data in such a way so that all these
operations can be performed on the data efficiently.
Database Applications – DBMS
DBMS applications
Applications where we use Database Management Systems are:
Telecom: There is a database to keeps track of the information regarding calls made,
network usage, customer details etc. Without the database systems it is hard to
maintain that huge amount of data that keeps updating every millisecond.
Industry: Where it is a manufacturing unit, warehouse or distribution centre, each one
needs a database to keep the records of ins and outs. For example distribution centre
should keep a track of the product units that supplied into the centre as well as the
products that got delivered out from the distribution centre on each day; this is where
DBMS comes into picture.
Banking System: For storing customer info, tracking day to day credit and debit
transactions, generating bank statements etc. All this work has been done with the help
of Database management systems. Also, banking system needs security of data as the
data is sensitive, this is efficiently taken care by the DBMS systems.
Sales: To store customer information, production information and invoice details. Using
DBMS, you can track, manage and generate historical data to analyse the sales data.
Airlines: To travel though airlines, we make early reservations, this reservation
information along with flight schedule is stored in database. This is where the real-time
update of data is necessary as a flight seat reserved for one passenger should not be
allocated to another passenger, this is easily handled by the DBMS systems as the data
updates are in real time and fast.
Education sector: Database systems are frequently used in schools and colleges to store
and retrieve the data regarding student details, staff details, course details, exam
details, payroll data, attendance details, fees details etc. There is a large amount of
inter-related data that needs to be stored and retrieved in an efficient manner.
Online shopping: You must be aware of the online shopping websites such as Amazon,
Flipkart etc.
DBMS (Data Base Management System)
Database management System is software which is used to store and retrieve the database.
For example, Oracle, MySQL, etc.; these are some popular DBMS tools.
o DBMS provides the interface to perform the various operations like creation,
deletion, modification, etc.
o DBMS allows the user to create their databases as per their requirement.
Address: 62-H Block, Above SBI Bank, Sri Ganganagar(Raj)
Contact No: 9509738551 Page 2
, o DBMS accepts the request from the application and provides specific data through
the operating system.
o DBMS contains the group of programs which acts according to the user instruction.
o It provides security to the database.
Advantage of DBMS
Controls redundancy
It stores all the data in a single database file, so it can control data redundancy.
Data sharing
An authorized user can share the data among multiple users.
Backup
It providesBackup and recovery subsystem. This recovery system creates automatic data
from system failure and restores data if required.
Multiple user interfaces
It provides a different type of user interfaces like GUI, application interfaces.
Disadvantage of DBMS
Size
It occupies large disk space and large memory to run efficiently.
Cost
DBMS requires a high-speed data processor and larger memory to run DBMS software, so it
is costly.
Complexity
DBMS creates additional complexity and requirements.
RDBMS (Relational Database Management System)
The word RDBMS is termed as 'Relational Database Management System.' It is represented
as a table that contains rows and column.
RDBMS is based on the Relational model; it was introduced by E. F. Codd.
A relational database contains the following components:
o Table
o Record/ Tuple
o Field/Column name /Attribute
o Instance
o Schema
o Keys
An RDBMS is a tabular DBMS that maintains the security, integrity, accuracy, and
consistency of the data.
Advantages and Disadvantages of DBMS: DBMS vs file System
Drawbacks of File system
Data redundancy: Data redundancy refers to the duplication of data, lets say we are
managing the data of a college where a student is enrolled for two courses, the same
student details in such case will be stored twice, which will take more storage than
needed. Data redundancy often leads to higher storage costs and poor access time.
Address: 62-H Block, Above SBI Bank, Sri Ganganagar(Raj)
Contact No: 9509738551 Page 3
________________________________ __________________________________________
Introduction to DBMS
DBMS stands for Database Management System. We can break it like this DBMS =
Database + Management System. Database is a collection of data and Management System
is a set of programs to store and retrieve those data. Based on this we can define DBMS like
this: DBMS is a collection of inter-related data and set of programs to store & access those
data in an easy and effective manner.
What is DBMS?
DBMS is a software that is used to manage the data. Some of the popular DBMS
softwares are: MySQL, IBM Db2, Oracle, PostgreSQL etc.
DBMS provides an interface to the user so that the operations on database can be
performed using the interface.
DBMS secure the data, that is the main advantage of DBMS over file system.
DBMS also secures the data from unauthorised access as well as corrupt data insertions.
It allows multiple users to access data simultaneously while maintaining the data
consistency and data integrity.
DBMS allows following operations to the authorized users of the database:
Data Definition: Creation of table, table schema creation, removal of table definition etc.
comes under data definition. It is basically a layout of the table and their relation with the
other tables in the database. This allows to properly structure the data in such a way so
that the data that is related or dependent on other data in real world can be represented
the same way in database.
Data Modification: DBMS allows users to insert, update and delete the data from the
tables. These tables contains rows and columns, where row represents a record of data
while column represents attributes of the records. You can also bulk update the several
records in DBMS with a single click.
Data Retrieval: DBMS allows users to fetch data from the database. Searching and retrieval
of data is fast in DBMS. The size of the database doesn’t impact this operation, on the
other hand in file system, the size of the data can hugely impact the search operation
efficiency.
User administration: DBMS also allows user management such as organizing users in
different groups with different access levels. Granting users access to certain tables in
database, revoking access from certain users etc. This allows the admin of the database to
efficiently manage the access to the database and prevent unauthorised access to the
databases.
What is the need of DBMS?
Database systems are basically developed for large amount of data. When dealing with
huge amount of data, there are two things that require optimization: Storage of
data and retrieval of data.
Address: 62-H Block, Above SBI Bank, Sri Ganganagar(Raj)
Contact No: 9509738551 Page 1
,Purpose of Database Systems
The main purpose of database systems is to manage the data. Consider a university that
keeps the data of students, teachers, courses, books etc. To manage this data we need to
store this data somewhere where we can add new data, delete unused data, update
outdated data, retrieve data, to perform these operations on data we need a Database
management system that allows us to store the data in such a way so that all these
operations can be performed on the data efficiently.
Database Applications – DBMS
DBMS applications
Applications where we use Database Management Systems are:
Telecom: There is a database to keeps track of the information regarding calls made,
network usage, customer details etc. Without the database systems it is hard to
maintain that huge amount of data that keeps updating every millisecond.
Industry: Where it is a manufacturing unit, warehouse or distribution centre, each one
needs a database to keep the records of ins and outs. For example distribution centre
should keep a track of the product units that supplied into the centre as well as the
products that got delivered out from the distribution centre on each day; this is where
DBMS comes into picture.
Banking System: For storing customer info, tracking day to day credit and debit
transactions, generating bank statements etc. All this work has been done with the help
of Database management systems. Also, banking system needs security of data as the
data is sensitive, this is efficiently taken care by the DBMS systems.
Sales: To store customer information, production information and invoice details. Using
DBMS, you can track, manage and generate historical data to analyse the sales data.
Airlines: To travel though airlines, we make early reservations, this reservation
information along with flight schedule is stored in database. This is where the real-time
update of data is necessary as a flight seat reserved for one passenger should not be
allocated to another passenger, this is easily handled by the DBMS systems as the data
updates are in real time and fast.
Education sector: Database systems are frequently used in schools and colleges to store
and retrieve the data regarding student details, staff details, course details, exam
details, payroll data, attendance details, fees details etc. There is a large amount of
inter-related data that needs to be stored and retrieved in an efficient manner.
Online shopping: You must be aware of the online shopping websites such as Amazon,
Flipkart etc.
DBMS (Data Base Management System)
Database management System is software which is used to store and retrieve the database.
For example, Oracle, MySQL, etc.; these are some popular DBMS tools.
o DBMS provides the interface to perform the various operations like creation,
deletion, modification, etc.
o DBMS allows the user to create their databases as per their requirement.
Address: 62-H Block, Above SBI Bank, Sri Ganganagar(Raj)
Contact No: 9509738551 Page 2
, o DBMS accepts the request from the application and provides specific data through
the operating system.
o DBMS contains the group of programs which acts according to the user instruction.
o It provides security to the database.
Advantage of DBMS
Controls redundancy
It stores all the data in a single database file, so it can control data redundancy.
Data sharing
An authorized user can share the data among multiple users.
Backup
It providesBackup and recovery subsystem. This recovery system creates automatic data
from system failure and restores data if required.
Multiple user interfaces
It provides a different type of user interfaces like GUI, application interfaces.
Disadvantage of DBMS
Size
It occupies large disk space and large memory to run efficiently.
Cost
DBMS requires a high-speed data processor and larger memory to run DBMS software, so it
is costly.
Complexity
DBMS creates additional complexity and requirements.
RDBMS (Relational Database Management System)
The word RDBMS is termed as 'Relational Database Management System.' It is represented
as a table that contains rows and column.
RDBMS is based on the Relational model; it was introduced by E. F. Codd.
A relational database contains the following components:
o Table
o Record/ Tuple
o Field/Column name /Attribute
o Instance
o Schema
o Keys
An RDBMS is a tabular DBMS that maintains the security, integrity, accuracy, and
consistency of the data.
Advantages and Disadvantages of DBMS: DBMS vs file System
Drawbacks of File system
Data redundancy: Data redundancy refers to the duplication of data, lets say we are
managing the data of a college where a student is enrolled for two courses, the same
student details in such case will be stored twice, which will take more storage than
needed. Data redundancy often leads to higher storage costs and poor access time.
Address: 62-H Block, Above SBI Bank, Sri Ganganagar(Raj)
Contact No: 9509738551 Page 3
