HCT Exam 2
all messages expressed without the use
Definition of nonverbal communication
of words
kinesics, proxemics, chronemics, vocal-
ics, physical appearence, artifacts, hap-
Codes of nonverbal communication
tics, facial expressions, gestures, si-
lence, territory, environment
found that infants spent more time look-
ing at photos of attractive faces than un-
what Slater et al. (1998) found in their
attractive faces. This suggests an aware-
study of infants (Slater et al., 1998)
ness of nonverbal messages at our ear-
liest moment
four space zones that Edward hall pro- Intimate space, personal space, social
posed space, public place
the basic arguments and components of people expect people to act certain ways
expectancy violations theory(EVT) in interactions
argues that we maintain communicative
the basic arguments and components of expectations, which involve our thoughts
interaction adaptation theory(IAT) regarding what should happen during an
interaction.
in conversation, people mimic each oth-
the basic arguments and components of er, and emotional experience is affected
emotional contagion theory(ECT) every second by feedback, people can
observe other peoples reactions
The arguments of Uncertainty reduction when we first meet people it is uncertain-
theory ty provoking
passive strategies, active strategies, and
the three ways we reduce uncertainty
interactive strategies
the three stages of an initial reaction entry stage, personal stage, exit stage
there is more verbal communication,
there are more frequent nonverbal ex-
the arguments that URT's 7 axioms lead pressions of liking, there are higher lev-
to els of information seeking, perceptions
of similarity increase, being different can
lead to higher levels of uncertainty, com-
1/6
, HCT Exam 2
munication is more reciprocal and inti-
mate, perceptions of liking increase
our primary goal is to maximize relational
Arguments of predicted outcome value
rewards and reduce relational costs
what are pov judgments related to how costly or rewarding a relationship is
the one differeing area between URT what they think the goal of individuals is
and POV during initial reactions
Berger states formulating POV judgment
is a part of the uncertainty reduction
arguments of Berger vs Sunnafrank process while sunnafrank states that out-
come maximization is a more primary
goal than uncertainty reduction
a brief excerpt of expressive behavior
what are thin slice judgments (Ambady)
sampled from the behavior stream
are thin slice judgements reliable Ambady states thin slices are reliable
uncertainty is not fundamentally nega-
tive, so we do not respond to all uncer-
recall and describe components of un- tainty similarly. UMT theorizes that peo-
certainty management theory (UMT). ple may want to maintain or even in-
crease uncertainty based on how they
appraise or evaluate it
the 3 components of relational uncertain- self uncertainty, partner uncertainty, rela-
ty tionship uncertainty
Uncertainty reduction theory, because it
focuses on how to reduce uncertainty.
This can reduce uncertainty in a work-
place such as job security, responsibil-
How a manager should communicate ities, or change. Organizational uncer-
during a time of organizational uncer- tainty may come from lack of commu-
tainty? based on URT,POV,UMT, & RTT. nication from a manager. In this case
Choose an argument of one theory and a manager should utilize URT by clear-
reccomend a way to communicate ly communicating with it's employees. A
manager can do this by giving updates
on the uncertain situation, encouraging
questions about the uncertain situation,
and answering any questions that are
2/6
all messages expressed without the use
Definition of nonverbal communication
of words
kinesics, proxemics, chronemics, vocal-
ics, physical appearence, artifacts, hap-
Codes of nonverbal communication
tics, facial expressions, gestures, si-
lence, territory, environment
found that infants spent more time look-
ing at photos of attractive faces than un-
what Slater et al. (1998) found in their
attractive faces. This suggests an aware-
study of infants (Slater et al., 1998)
ness of nonverbal messages at our ear-
liest moment
four space zones that Edward hall pro- Intimate space, personal space, social
posed space, public place
the basic arguments and components of people expect people to act certain ways
expectancy violations theory(EVT) in interactions
argues that we maintain communicative
the basic arguments and components of expectations, which involve our thoughts
interaction adaptation theory(IAT) regarding what should happen during an
interaction.
in conversation, people mimic each oth-
the basic arguments and components of er, and emotional experience is affected
emotional contagion theory(ECT) every second by feedback, people can
observe other peoples reactions
The arguments of Uncertainty reduction when we first meet people it is uncertain-
theory ty provoking
passive strategies, active strategies, and
the three ways we reduce uncertainty
interactive strategies
the three stages of an initial reaction entry stage, personal stage, exit stage
there is more verbal communication,
there are more frequent nonverbal ex-
the arguments that URT's 7 axioms lead pressions of liking, there are higher lev-
to els of information seeking, perceptions
of similarity increase, being different can
lead to higher levels of uncertainty, com-
1/6
, HCT Exam 2
munication is more reciprocal and inti-
mate, perceptions of liking increase
our primary goal is to maximize relational
Arguments of predicted outcome value
rewards and reduce relational costs
what are pov judgments related to how costly or rewarding a relationship is
the one differeing area between URT what they think the goal of individuals is
and POV during initial reactions
Berger states formulating POV judgment
is a part of the uncertainty reduction
arguments of Berger vs Sunnafrank process while sunnafrank states that out-
come maximization is a more primary
goal than uncertainty reduction
a brief excerpt of expressive behavior
what are thin slice judgments (Ambady)
sampled from the behavior stream
are thin slice judgements reliable Ambady states thin slices are reliable
uncertainty is not fundamentally nega-
tive, so we do not respond to all uncer-
recall and describe components of un- tainty similarly. UMT theorizes that peo-
certainty management theory (UMT). ple may want to maintain or even in-
crease uncertainty based on how they
appraise or evaluate it
the 3 components of relational uncertain- self uncertainty, partner uncertainty, rela-
ty tionship uncertainty
Uncertainty reduction theory, because it
focuses on how to reduce uncertainty.
This can reduce uncertainty in a work-
place such as job security, responsibil-
How a manager should communicate ities, or change. Organizational uncer-
during a time of organizational uncer- tainty may come from lack of commu-
tainty? based on URT,POV,UMT, & RTT. nication from a manager. In this case
Choose an argument of one theory and a manager should utilize URT by clear-
reccomend a way to communicate ly communicating with it's employees. A
manager can do this by giving updates
on the uncertain situation, encouraging
questions about the uncertain situation,
and answering any questions that are
2/6
