BIO 669 ENDOCRINE AND BIO 669 RENAL STRUCTURE STUDY SET WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!

BIO 669 ENDOCRINE AND BIO 669 RENAL STRUCTURE STUDY SET WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!! BIO 669 Endocrine BIO 669 Renal Structure BIO 669 Endocrine Insulin secretion is stimulated by elevated levels of: - ANSWERGlucose, amino acids and GI hormones *Insulin is an anabolic hormone and promotes the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids Amylin - ANSWERDelays nutrient uptake by reducing contractility into the stomach and slowing the transit of nutrients from the stomach into the duodenum *Decreases glucagon secretion Insulin - ANSWERCell growth and differentiation Transport of glucose Synthesis of fatty acids Synthesis of protein Synthesis of glycogen Growth and survival of cells Transport of amino acids and electrolytes Glucagon - ANSWEREffects opposite to insulin*Stimulates glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis What is the hormone produced by the pancreas which inhibits both the action of insulin and that of glucagon? - ANSWERSomatostatin Outer portion of adrenal gland: - ANSWERAdrenal cortex (made of three zonas) Zona Glomerulosa - ANSWERAldosterone is produced Zona Fasciculata - ANSWERbiggest of layers in adrenal cortex and produces cortisol Zona Reticularis - ANSWERproduces androgens Adrenal Medulla - ANSWERInner part of adrenal gland *Innervated by the SNS and contains Chromaffin cells What hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex? - ANSWERACTH Glucocorticoids (Cortisol) - ANSWERDirect effect on carbohydrate metabolism Anti-inflammatory and growth-suppressing effects *long-term secretion of cortisol can actually lead to connective tissue breakdown Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone) - ANSWERIncreases the activity of the sodium pump of the epithelial cellsCauses sodium retention and potassium and hydrogen loss Weak androgens are converted by peripheral tissues to stronger androgens such as: - ANSWERTestosterone Chromaffin Cells (Adrenal Medulla) - ANSWERRelease Epi and Nor-epinephrine *Act like a ganglion of the SNS chain Role of monoamine oxidase: - ANSWERClears out neurotransmitters in the brain Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) - ANSWERPrevents neurotransmitters from being broken down *Can lead to higher levels of Dopamine, Epi, and NE (increased BP) Random: how does dopamine effect prolactin? - ANSWERDopamine inhibits prolactin secretion Random: catecholamines are synthesized from what amino acid? - ANSWERPhenylalanine Permissive Effects of Hormones - A