BIO 669 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
VERIFIED 2025-2026!!
A stronger stimulus will result in a greater poll membrane depolarization of a neuron
resulting in ______.
A. Stronger (higher amplitude) actions5
B. More frequent action potentials
C. Longer lasting (greater duration of) action potentials
D. All of the above - ANSWER>>B. More frequent action potentials
All of the following are true regarding graded potential EXCEPT:
A. They can be added together for increased effect
B. They can be added to opposing potentials and be reduced in effect
C. They fade over time and distance
D. They all look alike - ANSWER>>D. They all look alike (in amplitude) - (because this is
action potential)
A stroke affecting the temporal lobe is most likely to show signs and symptoms affecting
the:
A. Patients vision
B. Autonomic nervous system
C. Facial nerve (Bell's Palsy)
D. Patients speech or hearing - ANSWER>>D. Patients speech or hearing
The frontal lobe is responsible for conscious:
,A. Control of voluntary motor area and limbic system
B. Awareness of sensation (somatic sensory area)
C. Primary visual cortex (not this because this occipital lobe)
D. Primary auditory cortex (Temporal lobe) - ANSWER>>A. Control of voluntary motor
area and limbic system
The cerebellum is most responsible for:
A. Regulation of breathing and blood pressure
B. Control of fine motor control and balance/posture
C. Conscious awareness of sensation
D. Voluntary control of muscles - ANSWER>>B. Control of fine motor control and
balance/posture
What effect would be seen when the ligand binds to the beta-2 receptor?
A. Vasoconstriction of arterioles serving the skin
B. Stimulation of GI tract motility and relaxation of sphincters
C. Excitation of somatic muscle cells
D. Vascular smooth muscle relaxation and dilation in cardiac arterioles - ANSWER>>D.
Vascular smooth muscle relaxation and dilation in cardiac arterioles
The peripheral nervous system division that arises from the thoracic and lumbar regions
is the:
A. Central
B. Somatic
C. Parasympathetic
D. Sympathetic - ANSWER>>D. Sympathetic
Ephedra is a sympathomimetic, meaning it has sympathetic nervous system activating
effects. As such, it may be assumed to have all of the following side effects EXCEPT:
,A. Increased heart rate
B. Increased blood pressure
C. Pale, clammy (moist) skin
D. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping - ANSWER>>D. Diarrhea and abdominal
cramping
The ______ division of the autonomic nervous system helps conserve energy and the
body's resources (rest) and uses _______ as it neurotransmitter(s).
A. Sympathetic; acetylcholine and norepinephrine
B. Sympathetic; norepinephrine
C. Parasympathetic; acetylcholine and norepinephrine
D. Parasympathetic; acetylcholine - ANSWER>>D. Parasympathetic; acetylcholine
Hypernatremia will result in:
A. Increase in BP and cell excitability
B. An increase in BP and decrease cell excitability
C. A decrease in BP and increase in cell excitability
D. A decrease in BP and decrease in cell excitability - ANSWER>>A. Increase in BP and
cell excitability
___________ are small secreted intercellular signaling molecules that are responsible for
the inflammatory response.
A. Toll like receptors
B. Cytokines
C. Tissue factor
D. NOD-like receptors - ANSWER>>B. Cytokines
Hypovolemic hyponatremia will in have all the following effects EXCEPT:
A. Swelling of the cells due to influx of water
, B. Drop in ECF osmotic pressure
C. Tachycardia and decrease in urine output
D. Increased blood pressure/volume " - ANSWER>>D. Increased blood
pressure/volume
Colloid osmotic pressure is the pressure created by
A. All ions and protein in that fluid
B. Only the ions in the fluid
C. Only the protein in the fluid
D. Only the ions that are not permeable - ANSWER>>C. Only the protein in the fluid
The most common leukocyte and dominates in early inflammatory response -
ANSWER>>Neutrophil
Interstitial fluid would be considered _____ fluid.
A. Intracellular
B. Extracellular
C. Synovial
D. Intravascular - ANSWER>>B. Extracellular
The Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system when activated will ultimately result in the
____ through effects on the kidneys.
A. Loss of Na+ and water
B. Retention of Na, water and loss of K
C. Reduction in plasma oncotic pressure
D. Increase in plasma oncotic pressure - ANSWER>>B. Retention of Na, water and loss
of K
C3a is capable of degranulation of most cells and rapidly inducing increase in
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
VERIFIED 2025-2026!!
A stronger stimulus will result in a greater poll membrane depolarization of a neuron
resulting in ______.
A. Stronger (higher amplitude) actions5
B. More frequent action potentials
C. Longer lasting (greater duration of) action potentials
D. All of the above - ANSWER>>B. More frequent action potentials
All of the following are true regarding graded potential EXCEPT:
A. They can be added together for increased effect
B. They can be added to opposing potentials and be reduced in effect
C. They fade over time and distance
D. They all look alike - ANSWER>>D. They all look alike (in amplitude) - (because this is
action potential)
A stroke affecting the temporal lobe is most likely to show signs and symptoms affecting
the:
A. Patients vision
B. Autonomic nervous system
C. Facial nerve (Bell's Palsy)
D. Patients speech or hearing - ANSWER>>D. Patients speech or hearing
The frontal lobe is responsible for conscious:
,A. Control of voluntary motor area and limbic system
B. Awareness of sensation (somatic sensory area)
C. Primary visual cortex (not this because this occipital lobe)
D. Primary auditory cortex (Temporal lobe) - ANSWER>>A. Control of voluntary motor
area and limbic system
The cerebellum is most responsible for:
A. Regulation of breathing and blood pressure
B. Control of fine motor control and balance/posture
C. Conscious awareness of sensation
D. Voluntary control of muscles - ANSWER>>B. Control of fine motor control and
balance/posture
What effect would be seen when the ligand binds to the beta-2 receptor?
A. Vasoconstriction of arterioles serving the skin
B. Stimulation of GI tract motility and relaxation of sphincters
C. Excitation of somatic muscle cells
D. Vascular smooth muscle relaxation and dilation in cardiac arterioles - ANSWER>>D.
Vascular smooth muscle relaxation and dilation in cardiac arterioles
The peripheral nervous system division that arises from the thoracic and lumbar regions
is the:
A. Central
B. Somatic
C. Parasympathetic
D. Sympathetic - ANSWER>>D. Sympathetic
Ephedra is a sympathomimetic, meaning it has sympathetic nervous system activating
effects. As such, it may be assumed to have all of the following side effects EXCEPT:
,A. Increased heart rate
B. Increased blood pressure
C. Pale, clammy (moist) skin
D. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping - ANSWER>>D. Diarrhea and abdominal
cramping
The ______ division of the autonomic nervous system helps conserve energy and the
body's resources (rest) and uses _______ as it neurotransmitter(s).
A. Sympathetic; acetylcholine and norepinephrine
B. Sympathetic; norepinephrine
C. Parasympathetic; acetylcholine and norepinephrine
D. Parasympathetic; acetylcholine - ANSWER>>D. Parasympathetic; acetylcholine
Hypernatremia will result in:
A. Increase in BP and cell excitability
B. An increase in BP and decrease cell excitability
C. A decrease in BP and increase in cell excitability
D. A decrease in BP and decrease in cell excitability - ANSWER>>A. Increase in BP and
cell excitability
___________ are small secreted intercellular signaling molecules that are responsible for
the inflammatory response.
A. Toll like receptors
B. Cytokines
C. Tissue factor
D. NOD-like receptors - ANSWER>>B. Cytokines
Hypovolemic hyponatremia will in have all the following effects EXCEPT:
A. Swelling of the cells due to influx of water
, B. Drop in ECF osmotic pressure
C. Tachycardia and decrease in urine output
D. Increased blood pressure/volume " - ANSWER>>D. Increased blood
pressure/volume
Colloid osmotic pressure is the pressure created by
A. All ions and protein in that fluid
B. Only the ions in the fluid
C. Only the protein in the fluid
D. Only the ions that are not permeable - ANSWER>>C. Only the protein in the fluid
The most common leukocyte and dominates in early inflammatory response -
ANSWER>>Neutrophil
Interstitial fluid would be considered _____ fluid.
A. Intracellular
B. Extracellular
C. Synovial
D. Intravascular - ANSWER>>B. Extracellular
The Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system when activated will ultimately result in the
____ through effects on the kidneys.
A. Loss of Na+ and water
B. Retention of Na, water and loss of K
C. Reduction in plasma oncotic pressure
D. Increase in plasma oncotic pressure - ANSWER>>B. Retention of Na, water and loss
of K
C3a is capable of degranulation of most cells and rapidly inducing increase in
