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BIO
BIO 669 EXAM 2 (NEW 2024/ 2025
UPDATE) QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS|
GRADE A| 100% CORRECT
The structures that connect the leaflets/cusps and help to prevent prolapse
of the AV valves is the:
A. Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles
B. Cardiomyocytes
C. Interventricular septum
D. Coronary ostia - ANS ✓A. Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles
Hypertensive crisis (malignant hypertension) is best defined as:
A. An advancing failure of systemic circulation as the heart weakens
B. Rapidly progressive hypertension with a diastolic pressure of 140 mmHg
or more
C. A pulse pressure of greater than 60
D. Blood pressure readings consistently greater than 140/90 mmHg - ANS
✓B. Rapidly progressive hypertension with a diastolic pressure of 140 mmHg or
more
Intermittent claudication is:
A. Caused by coronary artery disease
B. A sign of peripheral artery disease
C. An attack of vasospasm brought on by the cold
BIO 669 E
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D. A result of peripheral neuropathy - ANS ✓B. A sign of peripheral artery
disease
Stroke volume:
A. Does not affect the cardiac index
B. Is equal to ESV - EDV
C. Does not vary much
D. None of the above are true - ANS ✓D. None of the above are true
A T wave relates to ______ and shortly precedes the closure of the _____ valves.
A. Ventricular depolarization, AV
B. Ventricular depolarization, SL
C. Ventricular repolarization, AV
D. Ventricular repolarization, SL
E. None of the above - ANS ✓D. Ventricular repolarization, SL
How much of the oxygen carried by hemoglobin in the blood is actually
transferred to the myocardium?
A. 10-20%
B. 40-50%
C. 70-75%
D. 100% - ANS ✓C. 70-75%
The key regulator determining if a muscle, such as cardiac muscle,
contracts or not is the presence of:
A. Ca++
B. ATP
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C. K+
D. Epinephrine - ANS ✓A. Ca++
Myocardial hibernation is best described as:
A. Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic
adaptation to prolong survival
B. Hypertrophy that occurs with loss of contractile function
C. Temporary loss of contractile function that persists for hours to days
after restoration of perfusion
D. Fibroblast proliferation and severe inflammatory response - ANS ✓A.
Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic adaptation
to prolong survival
A thrombus is a blood clot that remains attached to a vessel wall. Which of
the following is NOT one of the main factors as proposed by Virchow?
A. Obesity
B. Venous Stasis
C. Venous Endothelial damage
D. Hypercoagulable states - ANS ✓A. Obesity
The decreased or instability to generate action potential due to
hyperpolarization or continued closure of inactivation gates is termed:
A. Rhythmicity
B. Quiescence
C. Refractory period
D. Afterload - ANS ✓C. Refractory period
BIO 669 E
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BIO
All of the following antihypertensive agents would be appropriate first line
treatments EXCEPT:
a. Calcium channel blockers
b. Beta blockers
c. Ace inhibitors or ARBs
d. Diuretics such as Thiazide - ANS ✓b. Beta Blockers
STEMI would most likely present with:
a. Inverted T waves and Q waves
b. Peaked T waves
c. Marked ST segment elevation
d. Absence of troponin I or T - ANS ✓c. Marked ST segment elevation
What area of the myocardium is affected by STEMI?
a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
b. Subendothelial area
c. Just the right side
d. Only the atria - ANS ✓a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
Which of the following is a correct statement regarding baroreceptor reflex
activity on the heart?
a. A drop in blood pressure would result in release of natriuretic peptides
b. A drop in blood pressure would result in reflex to decrease heart rate,
contractility, and peripheral resistance
c. A rise in blood pressure would result in reflex to increase heart rate,
contractility , and peripheral resistance
BIO 669 E
BIO
BIO 669 EXAM 2 (NEW 2024/ 2025
UPDATE) QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS|
GRADE A| 100% CORRECT
The structures that connect the leaflets/cusps and help to prevent prolapse
of the AV valves is the:
A. Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles
B. Cardiomyocytes
C. Interventricular septum
D. Coronary ostia - ANS ✓A. Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles
Hypertensive crisis (malignant hypertension) is best defined as:
A. An advancing failure of systemic circulation as the heart weakens
B. Rapidly progressive hypertension with a diastolic pressure of 140 mmHg
or more
C. A pulse pressure of greater than 60
D. Blood pressure readings consistently greater than 140/90 mmHg - ANS
✓B. Rapidly progressive hypertension with a diastolic pressure of 140 mmHg or
more
Intermittent claudication is:
A. Caused by coronary artery disease
B. A sign of peripheral artery disease
C. An attack of vasospasm brought on by the cold
BIO 669 E
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BIO
D. A result of peripheral neuropathy - ANS ✓B. A sign of peripheral artery
disease
Stroke volume:
A. Does not affect the cardiac index
B. Is equal to ESV - EDV
C. Does not vary much
D. None of the above are true - ANS ✓D. None of the above are true
A T wave relates to ______ and shortly precedes the closure of the _____ valves.
A. Ventricular depolarization, AV
B. Ventricular depolarization, SL
C. Ventricular repolarization, AV
D. Ventricular repolarization, SL
E. None of the above - ANS ✓D. Ventricular repolarization, SL
How much of the oxygen carried by hemoglobin in the blood is actually
transferred to the myocardium?
A. 10-20%
B. 40-50%
C. 70-75%
D. 100% - ANS ✓C. 70-75%
The key regulator determining if a muscle, such as cardiac muscle,
contracts or not is the presence of:
A. Ca++
B. ATP
BIO 669 E
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BIO
C. K+
D. Epinephrine - ANS ✓A. Ca++
Myocardial hibernation is best described as:
A. Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic
adaptation to prolong survival
B. Hypertrophy that occurs with loss of contractile function
C. Temporary loss of contractile function that persists for hours to days
after restoration of perfusion
D. Fibroblast proliferation and severe inflammatory response - ANS ✓A.
Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic adaptation
to prolong survival
A thrombus is a blood clot that remains attached to a vessel wall. Which of
the following is NOT one of the main factors as proposed by Virchow?
A. Obesity
B. Venous Stasis
C. Venous Endothelial damage
D. Hypercoagulable states - ANS ✓A. Obesity
The decreased or instability to generate action potential due to
hyperpolarization or continued closure of inactivation gates is termed:
A. Rhythmicity
B. Quiescence
C. Refractory period
D. Afterload - ANS ✓C. Refractory period
BIO 669 E
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BIO
All of the following antihypertensive agents would be appropriate first line
treatments EXCEPT:
a. Calcium channel blockers
b. Beta blockers
c. Ace inhibitors or ARBs
d. Diuretics such as Thiazide - ANS ✓b. Beta Blockers
STEMI would most likely present with:
a. Inverted T waves and Q waves
b. Peaked T waves
c. Marked ST segment elevation
d. Absence of troponin I or T - ANS ✓c. Marked ST segment elevation
What area of the myocardium is affected by STEMI?
a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
b. Subendothelial area
c. Just the right side
d. Only the atria - ANS ✓a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
Which of the following is a correct statement regarding baroreceptor reflex
activity on the heart?
a. A drop in blood pressure would result in release of natriuretic peptides
b. A drop in blood pressure would result in reflex to decrease heart rate,
contractility, and peripheral resistance
c. A rise in blood pressure would result in reflex to increase heart rate,
contractility , and peripheral resistance
BIO 669 E
