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BIO
BIO 669 EXAM 3 (NEW 2024/
2025 UPDATE) QUESTIONS &
VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100%
CORRECT-
The key regulator determining if a muscle, such as cardiac muscle,
contracts or not is the presence of:
A. Ca++
B. ATP
C. K+
D. Epinephrine - ANS ✓A. Ca++
Myocardial hibernation is best described as:
A. Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic
adaptation to prolong survival
B. Hypertrophy that occurs with loss of contractile function
C. Temporary loss of contractile function that persists for hours to days
after restoration of perfusion
D. Fibroblast proliferation and severe inflammatory response - ANS ✓A.
Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic adaptation
to prolong survival
A thrombus is a blood clot that remains attached to a vessel wall. Which of
the following is NOT one of the main factors as proposed by Virchow?
A. Obesity
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B. Venous Stasis
C. Venous Endothelial damage
D. Hypercoagulable states - ANS ✓A. Obesity
The decreased or instability to generate action potential due to
hyperpolarization or continued closure of inactivation gates is termed:
A. Rhythmicity
B. Quiescence
C. Refractory period
D. Afterload - ANS ✓C. Refractory period
All of the following antihypertensive agents would be appropriate first line
treatments EXCEPT:
a. Calcium channel blockers
b. Beta blockers
c. Ace inhibitors or ARBs
d. Diuretics such as Thiazide - ANS ✓b. Beta Blockers
STEMI would most likely present with:
a. Inverted T waves and Q waves
b. Peaked T waves
c. Marked ST segment elevation
d. Absence of troponin I or T - ANS ✓c. Marked ST segment elevation
What area of the myocardium is affected by STEMI?
a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
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b. Subendothelial area
c. Just the right side
d. Only the atria - ANS ✓a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
Which of the following is a correct statement regarding baroreceptor reflex
activity on the heart?
a. A drop in blood pressure would result in release of natriuretic peptides
b. A drop in blood pressure would result in reflex to decrease heart rate,
contractility, and peripheral resistance
c. A rise in blood pressure would result in reflex to increase heart rate,
contractility , and peripheral resistance
d. A drop in blood pressure would result in reflex to increase heart rate,
contractility, and peripheral resistance - ANS ✓d. A drop in blood pressure
would result in reflex to increase heart rate, contractility, and peripheral
resistance
The development of atherosclerotic plaques involve the formation of foam
cells, which are best described as:
A. Transformed fibroblasts
B. Cytokine secreting adipose cells
C. Macrophages that engulf oxidized LDL
D. Endothelial cells that produce the gas nitric oxide - ANS ✓C. Macrophages
that engulf oxidized LDL
The isovolumetric contraction phase of the cardiac life cycle occurs:
A. During atrial systole
B. When the AV valves are closed
C. When the SL valves are open
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D. During diastole - ANS ✓B. When the AV valves are closed
Choose the correct conduction pathway for a cardiac action potential:
A. SA node to AV node to bundle branches to othe Bundle of HIS to purkinje
fibers
B. SA node to AV node to Purkinje fibers to bundle of HIS to bundle
branches
C. SA node to bundle of HIS to AV node to bundle branches to purkinje
fibers
D. SA node to AV node to bundle of HIS to bundle branches to purkinje
fibers - ANS ✓D. SA node to AV node to bundle of HIS to bundle branches to
purkinje fibers
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood?
A. Inferior vena cava
B. Superior vena cava
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Pulmonary Vein
E. Inferior vena cava and superior vena cava - ANS ✓D. Pulmonary vein
Which of the following can form an embolus?
A. Fat
B. Amniotic Fluid
C. Air
D. Bateria, especially within clots
E. All of the above can become an embolus - ANS ✓E. All of the above can
become an embolus
BIO 669
BIO
BIO 669 EXAM 3 (NEW 2024/
2025 UPDATE) QUESTIONS &
VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100%
CORRECT-
The key regulator determining if a muscle, such as cardiac muscle,
contracts or not is the presence of:
A. Ca++
B. ATP
C. K+
D. Epinephrine - ANS ✓A. Ca++
Myocardial hibernation is best described as:
A. Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic
adaptation to prolong survival
B. Hypertrophy that occurs with loss of contractile function
C. Temporary loss of contractile function that persists for hours to days
after restoration of perfusion
D. Fibroblast proliferation and severe inflammatory response - ANS ✓A.
Myocardial cells that are persistently ischemic and undergo metabolic adaptation
to prolong survival
A thrombus is a blood clot that remains attached to a vessel wall. Which of
the following is NOT one of the main factors as proposed by Virchow?
A. Obesity
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BIO
B. Venous Stasis
C. Venous Endothelial damage
D. Hypercoagulable states - ANS ✓A. Obesity
The decreased or instability to generate action potential due to
hyperpolarization or continued closure of inactivation gates is termed:
A. Rhythmicity
B. Quiescence
C. Refractory period
D. Afterload - ANS ✓C. Refractory period
All of the following antihypertensive agents would be appropriate first line
treatments EXCEPT:
a. Calcium channel blockers
b. Beta blockers
c. Ace inhibitors or ARBs
d. Diuretics such as Thiazide - ANS ✓b. Beta Blockers
STEMI would most likely present with:
a. Inverted T waves and Q waves
b. Peaked T waves
c. Marked ST segment elevation
d. Absence of troponin I or T - ANS ✓c. Marked ST segment elevation
What area of the myocardium is affected by STEMI?
a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
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b. Subendothelial area
c. Just the right side
d. Only the atria - ANS ✓a. Transmural (entire wall thickness)
Which of the following is a correct statement regarding baroreceptor reflex
activity on the heart?
a. A drop in blood pressure would result in release of natriuretic peptides
b. A drop in blood pressure would result in reflex to decrease heart rate,
contractility, and peripheral resistance
c. A rise in blood pressure would result in reflex to increase heart rate,
contractility , and peripheral resistance
d. A drop in blood pressure would result in reflex to increase heart rate,
contractility, and peripheral resistance - ANS ✓d. A drop in blood pressure
would result in reflex to increase heart rate, contractility, and peripheral
resistance
The development of atherosclerotic plaques involve the formation of foam
cells, which are best described as:
A. Transformed fibroblasts
B. Cytokine secreting adipose cells
C. Macrophages that engulf oxidized LDL
D. Endothelial cells that produce the gas nitric oxide - ANS ✓C. Macrophages
that engulf oxidized LDL
The isovolumetric contraction phase of the cardiac life cycle occurs:
A. During atrial systole
B. When the AV valves are closed
C. When the SL valves are open
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D. During diastole - ANS ✓B. When the AV valves are closed
Choose the correct conduction pathway for a cardiac action potential:
A. SA node to AV node to bundle branches to othe Bundle of HIS to purkinje
fibers
B. SA node to AV node to Purkinje fibers to bundle of HIS to bundle
branches
C. SA node to bundle of HIS to AV node to bundle branches to purkinje
fibers
D. SA node to AV node to bundle of HIS to bundle branches to purkinje
fibers - ANS ✓D. SA node to AV node to bundle of HIS to bundle branches to
purkinje fibers
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood?
A. Inferior vena cava
B. Superior vena cava
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Pulmonary Vein
E. Inferior vena cava and superior vena cava - ANS ✓D. Pulmonary vein
Which of the following can form an embolus?
A. Fat
B. Amniotic Fluid
C. Air
D. Bateria, especially within clots
E. All of the above can become an embolus - ANS ✓E. All of the above can
become an embolus
BIO 669
