1
BIO
BIO 669 ENDOCRINE EXAM (NEW 2024/
2025 UPDATE) QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT-
Follicles of the thyroid gland include: - ANS ✓Iodine and thyroglobulin
Parafollicular Cells (C-cells) of the Thyroid Gland - ANS ✓Secrete calcitonin
which causes a decrease in blood calcium levels (moves into the bone)
Thyroid Hormone - ANS ✓90% as T4
10% as T3
*Most T4 is converted to T3 (stronger potency)
How is Thyroid Hormone bound? - ANS ✓TH is bound to thyroxine-binding
globulin, thyroxine-binding pre-albumin, albumin, or lipoproteins
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) - ANS ✓Increases serum calcium and decreases
serum phosphate
BIO 669
, 2
BIO
*However, due to downregulation, if you have constant high levels of PTH it can
lead to osteoporosis (less receptors on cell)
What is needed for PTH function? - ANS ✓Vitamin D
Islets of Langerhans - ANS ✓Secrete insulin and glucagon
Alpha Cells Secrete - ANS ✓Glucagon (convert glycogen to glucose)
Beta Cells Secrete - ANS ✓Insulin and Amylin
*Amylin slows the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream
Insulin secretion is promoted by increased levels of: - ANS ✓Glucose, amino
acids, and GI hormones
*Insulin is an anabolic hormone and aids in the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and
nucleic acids
Amylin - ANS ✓Delays nutrient uptake by diminishing contractility into the
stomach and decreasing the transport of nutrients from the stomach into the
duodenum
BIO 669
BIO
BIO 669 ENDOCRINE EXAM (NEW 2024/
2025 UPDATE) QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT-
Follicles of the thyroid gland include: - ANS ✓Iodine and thyroglobulin
Parafollicular Cells (C-cells) of the Thyroid Gland - ANS ✓Secrete calcitonin
which causes a decrease in blood calcium levels (moves into the bone)
Thyroid Hormone - ANS ✓90% as T4
10% as T3
*Most T4 is converted to T3 (stronger potency)
How is Thyroid Hormone bound? - ANS ✓TH is bound to thyroxine-binding
globulin, thyroxine-binding pre-albumin, albumin, or lipoproteins
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) - ANS ✓Increases serum calcium and decreases
serum phosphate
BIO 669
, 2
BIO
*However, due to downregulation, if you have constant high levels of PTH it can
lead to osteoporosis (less receptors on cell)
What is needed for PTH function? - ANS ✓Vitamin D
Islets of Langerhans - ANS ✓Secrete insulin and glucagon
Alpha Cells Secrete - ANS ✓Glucagon (convert glycogen to glucose)
Beta Cells Secrete - ANS ✓Insulin and Amylin
*Amylin slows the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream
Insulin secretion is promoted by increased levels of: - ANS ✓Glucose, amino
acids, and GI hormones
*Insulin is an anabolic hormone and aids in the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and
nucleic acids
Amylin - ANS ✓Delays nutrient uptake by diminishing contractility into the
stomach and decreasing the transport of nutrients from the stomach into the
duodenum
BIO 669
