Summary AQA A-Level History: English Revolution Key Figures (1625–1660) | Complete Profile Guide

Key profiles English Revolution for Sources



Rushworth collections:
 John Rushworth 1612-1690
 Writing about = 1618-1649

Political viewpoint:

 Parliamentarian but tried to record it as accurately as possible
 Cromwell’s secretary later – potential bias

Summary:

 Lawyer and MP for Berwick
 During intermission of parliaments (1629-40) he attended and made
shorthand notes of all important political and judicial proceedings heard
before the Star Chamber, the court of honour, and the king and council
 After outbreak of war he acted as a messenger between Parliament and its
committees at Oxford and York
 Secretary 1645-50 to Sir Thomas Fairfax (general of NMA)
 Made peace with Charles II during restoration

Most likely:

 Strafford’s trial
 Battle of Naseby
 Parliamentary campaigns 1644-45



Slingsby Bethel
Political viewpoint:

 Parliamentarian with republican sympathies
 Strongly oppose the cause of the cavaliers
 Did not aprove of the Protectorate
 Did not support Richard Cromwell

Summary:

 MP in 1659
 1659 published ‘A true and impartial Narrative of the most material
Debates and Passages in the late Parliament reprinted’
 Published ‘The World’s Mistake in Oliver Cromwell’ (anonymously), 1668,
contained a severe censure of Cromwell’s foreign policy, and of his
conduct towards Lilburne and Sir Henry Vane



Sir Arthur Haselrig

, Political viewpoint:

 Leading English parliamentarian from long Parliament 1640 to Cromwell’s
Protectorate 1653
 Opposition to Cromwell during Protectorate
 Puritan who hated Laud

Summary:

 Sat in both Short and Long Parliaments in 1640 MP for Leicestershire
 Involved in Bill of Attainder + played major role in the impeachment of
Strafford
 One of the 5 Members Charels tried to arrest January 1642
 Involved in Root and Branch petition and the militia bill 7 December 1641
 Supported Cromwell during the dispute with Manchester and Essex
 Approved King’s execution BUT declined to act as judge at trial
 Disapproved Cromwell’s expulsion of the Rump Parliament. Oppose by
refusing to pay taxes during the protectorate
 Considered Cromwell a traitor and became a strong republican after this
 Refused to elect Richard Cromwell and was instrumental in his downfall



Lucy Hutchison
 Teenager during personal rule
 Wrote diary in 1660s

Political viewpoint:

 Puritan
 Parliamentarian

Summary:

 Married Colonel John Hutchinson (leading parliamentarian who signed the
death warrant of Charles)
 Wrote her diary to justify her husband’s actions to her family (wasn’t
intended to be published)



Venetian Ambassador

 Catholic Republic
 Private intelligence reports
 Meant to report what is happening quickly to the republic



Edward Hyde (earl of Clarendon)
Political viewpoint: