NRSG 1330 Exam 2 2025/2026 Exam
Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
Latest Update
What are the three anatomic shunts in fetal circulation? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-
foramen ovale
- ductus arteriosus
- ductus venosus
What/where is the foramen ovale? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An opening between
the two atria that allows for the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated
blood
What/where is the ductus arteriosus? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A ligamentous
vessel connecting the ascending aorta to the pulmonary arteries that allows
for the mixing for oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Fetal specific cardiovascular structures should close and transition to
newborn heart structure by what time frame? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔By 24 hours
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
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,after the baby is born, we expect all fetal heart structures to close and
transition to newborn heart structure.
This is why we wait until the 24 hour mark of life to perform a cardiac
screening.
By what age should capillary refill be < 3 seconds? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔12
months
What are innocent murmurs? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Turbulent or inceased blood
flow through a heart with normal anatomy and function
Requires frequent monitoring to rule of the presence of defects
Will eventually grow out of it
What abnormal signs/symptoms would lead to suspected cardiac
pathology? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- failure to thrive, poor weight gain
- cyanosis, pallor
- visualized pulsating neck veins (JVD)
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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,- tachypnea, dyspnea
- irregular pulse rate
- clubbing of fingers
- fatigue during feeding or activity
- excessive perspiration, especially over forehead
What is failure to thrive? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Consistently at or below the third
percentile for height and weight
Acyanotic congenital heart defects are caused by one of what two things? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Increased pulmonary blood flow
- atrial septal defect
- ventricular septal defect
- patent ductus arteriosus
- atrioventricular canal
Obstruction to blood flow from ventricles
- coarctation of aorta
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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, - aortic stenosis
- pulmonic stenosis
Cyanotic congenital heart defects are caused by one of what two things? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Decreased pulmonary blood flow
- tetralogy of fallot
- tricuspid atresia
Mixed blood flow
- transposition of great arteries
- total anomalous pulmonary venous return
- truncus arteriosus
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome
True or false: Cyanotic congenital heart diseases/defects are usually more
serious than acyanotic diseases/defects. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔True
Give an example of a noninvasive and an invasive diagnostic study for
congenital heart defects. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Noninvasive: electrocardiogram
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
4
Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
Latest Update
What are the three anatomic shunts in fetal circulation? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-
foramen ovale
- ductus arteriosus
- ductus venosus
What/where is the foramen ovale? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔An opening between
the two atria that allows for the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated
blood
What/where is the ductus arteriosus? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A ligamentous
vessel connecting the ascending aorta to the pulmonary arteries that allows
for the mixing for oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Fetal specific cardiovascular structures should close and transition to
newborn heart structure by what time frame? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔By 24 hours
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1
,after the baby is born, we expect all fetal heart structures to close and
transition to newborn heart structure.
This is why we wait until the 24 hour mark of life to perform a cardiac
screening.
By what age should capillary refill be < 3 seconds? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔12
months
What are innocent murmurs? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Turbulent or inceased blood
flow through a heart with normal anatomy and function
Requires frequent monitoring to rule of the presence of defects
Will eventually grow out of it
What abnormal signs/symptoms would lead to suspected cardiac
pathology? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- failure to thrive, poor weight gain
- cyanosis, pallor
- visualized pulsating neck veins (JVD)
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2
,- tachypnea, dyspnea
- irregular pulse rate
- clubbing of fingers
- fatigue during feeding or activity
- excessive perspiration, especially over forehead
What is failure to thrive? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Consistently at or below the third
percentile for height and weight
Acyanotic congenital heart defects are caused by one of what two things? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Increased pulmonary blood flow
- atrial septal defect
- ventricular septal defect
- patent ductus arteriosus
- atrioventricular canal
Obstruction to blood flow from ventricles
- coarctation of aorta
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, - aortic stenosis
- pulmonic stenosis
Cyanotic congenital heart defects are caused by one of what two things? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Decreased pulmonary blood flow
- tetralogy of fallot
- tricuspid atresia
Mixed blood flow
- transposition of great arteries
- total anomalous pulmonary venous return
- truncus arteriosus
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome
True or false: Cyanotic congenital heart diseases/defects are usually more
serious than acyanotic diseases/defects. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔True
Give an example of a noninvasive and an invasive diagnostic study for
congenital heart defects. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Noninvasive: electrocardiogram
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
4
