CLEP Human Growth and Development REA
Practice Exam 1 Questions With 100% Verified
Solutions
Instrumental aggression is aggression that is used in order to achieve an
end. The child in this question uses aggression as a means toward the end
of getting a toy. Instrumental aggression is usually used in battles over toys
and is not personal
According to statistics, which group commits most of the child abuse in our
country?
A. Siblings
B. Day care workers
C. Foster parents
D. Parents
E. Step parents - ANSWER (D)
Statistics on child mistreatment indicate that more often, among the types
of offenders listed in this question, the abuser is the child's parent.
Which theoretical perspective assumes there is a bidirectional relationship
between the person and the environment?
A. Behavioral
B. Learning
C. Psychobiological
D. Sociocultural
,E. Nature - ANSWER (D)
The sociocultural view of development argues there is a bidirectional
relationship between the child and the environment. A child influences the
people and the environments he or she interacts with, as much as those
people and environments influence the child's development. For example,
an infant's temperament influences the caregiver's responses to the child,
and those caregiving responses in turn shape the child's behavior.
A problem with longitudinal research is
A. confounding age difference with birth cohort differences
B. a lack of control over extraneous variables
C. subject drop out
D. subject bias
E. researcher bias - ANSWER (C)
Longitudinal research involves collecting data from the same group of
participants at several points in their life. One problem that threatens the
validity of the findings of a longitudinal study is subject dropout. If
participants drop out of the study, not only is the research sample size
reduced, but the sample may become biased. For example, participants
who drop out of a longitudinal study on memory may have poorer memory
ability to begin with compared to those who complete the study. The
findings of this longitudinal study of memory then would be biased, that is,
only apply to people with good memory ability.
Students who have developed a mastery orientation would attribute a good
grade on a test to their ability, and a bad grade on a test to
A. the teacher
B. their ability
,C. bad luck
D. lack of effort
E. luck - ANSWER (D)
Those with a mastery-oriented attribution style typically attribute successes
and failures to internal traits or abilities and effort. This type of person
believes that he or she can be successful at tasks that are attempted and
will tend to persevere through challenging or difficult tasks.
According to recent research, which of the following has shown a
correlation with age, but is NOT found only in older people?
A. Insight
B. Metacognition
C. The executive process
D. Collectivism
E. Wisdom - ANSWER (E)
Recently, researchers have begun to systematically study wisdom. Wisdom
is defined as exceptional insight into the problems of life. Research has
shown that, while the majority of people believe wisdom comes with age,
wisdom is not a normal product of aging. The key elements that influence
the development of wisdom have to do with the quality and amount of life
experience, not just chronological age.
Compared to peer groups in middle childhood, adolescent peer groups
A. are more likely to be mixed sex
B. do not last as long
, C. are more structured and exclusive
D. are less structured and exclusive
E. are larger - ANSWER (C)
Adolescent peer groups are more structured and exclusive. In other words,
there are more requirements to meet for acceptance into the group and
stricter rules regarding things like acceptable behavior and dress. While
crowds tend to be mixed sex, adolescent peer groups do not.
Which of the following indicates the presence of empathy?
A. Mollie starts to cry whenever she sees someone else cry.
B. Mollie sees Jake crying and gives him a toy to help him stop crying.
C. Mollie laughs when she sees something funny on television.
D. Mollie tells her Daddy when she doesn't feel well.
E. Mollie goes to her room to cry so no one sees her crying. - ANSWER
(B)
A key element of empathy is being able to feel what another person is
feeling. Crying because someone else is crying does not necessarily
indicate the child feels what the other person is experiencing. However, a
child offering a toy to a crying child shows he or she feels the underlying
unhappiness causing the child's crying, and he or she believes a toy will
make the child feel happy.
Among the parenting styles that have been studied by Baumrind, which of
the following is associated with the most negative impact on development?
A. Authoritative
B. Authoritarian
Practice Exam 1 Questions With 100% Verified
Solutions
Instrumental aggression is aggression that is used in order to achieve an
end. The child in this question uses aggression as a means toward the end
of getting a toy. Instrumental aggression is usually used in battles over toys
and is not personal
According to statistics, which group commits most of the child abuse in our
country?
A. Siblings
B. Day care workers
C. Foster parents
D. Parents
E. Step parents - ANSWER (D)
Statistics on child mistreatment indicate that more often, among the types
of offenders listed in this question, the abuser is the child's parent.
Which theoretical perspective assumes there is a bidirectional relationship
between the person and the environment?
A. Behavioral
B. Learning
C. Psychobiological
D. Sociocultural
,E. Nature - ANSWER (D)
The sociocultural view of development argues there is a bidirectional
relationship between the child and the environment. A child influences the
people and the environments he or she interacts with, as much as those
people and environments influence the child's development. For example,
an infant's temperament influences the caregiver's responses to the child,
and those caregiving responses in turn shape the child's behavior.
A problem with longitudinal research is
A. confounding age difference with birth cohort differences
B. a lack of control over extraneous variables
C. subject drop out
D. subject bias
E. researcher bias - ANSWER (C)
Longitudinal research involves collecting data from the same group of
participants at several points in their life. One problem that threatens the
validity of the findings of a longitudinal study is subject dropout. If
participants drop out of the study, not only is the research sample size
reduced, but the sample may become biased. For example, participants
who drop out of a longitudinal study on memory may have poorer memory
ability to begin with compared to those who complete the study. The
findings of this longitudinal study of memory then would be biased, that is,
only apply to people with good memory ability.
Students who have developed a mastery orientation would attribute a good
grade on a test to their ability, and a bad grade on a test to
A. the teacher
B. their ability
,C. bad luck
D. lack of effort
E. luck - ANSWER (D)
Those with a mastery-oriented attribution style typically attribute successes
and failures to internal traits or abilities and effort. This type of person
believes that he or she can be successful at tasks that are attempted and
will tend to persevere through challenging or difficult tasks.
According to recent research, which of the following has shown a
correlation with age, but is NOT found only in older people?
A. Insight
B. Metacognition
C. The executive process
D. Collectivism
E. Wisdom - ANSWER (E)
Recently, researchers have begun to systematically study wisdom. Wisdom
is defined as exceptional insight into the problems of life. Research has
shown that, while the majority of people believe wisdom comes with age,
wisdom is not a normal product of aging. The key elements that influence
the development of wisdom have to do with the quality and amount of life
experience, not just chronological age.
Compared to peer groups in middle childhood, adolescent peer groups
A. are more likely to be mixed sex
B. do not last as long
, C. are more structured and exclusive
D. are less structured and exclusive
E. are larger - ANSWER (C)
Adolescent peer groups are more structured and exclusive. In other words,
there are more requirements to meet for acceptance into the group and
stricter rules regarding things like acceptable behavior and dress. While
crowds tend to be mixed sex, adolescent peer groups do not.
Which of the following indicates the presence of empathy?
A. Mollie starts to cry whenever she sees someone else cry.
B. Mollie sees Jake crying and gives him a toy to help him stop crying.
C. Mollie laughs when she sees something funny on television.
D. Mollie tells her Daddy when she doesn't feel well.
E. Mollie goes to her room to cry so no one sees her crying. - ANSWER
(B)
A key element of empathy is being able to feel what another person is
feeling. Crying because someone else is crying does not necessarily
indicate the child feels what the other person is experiencing. However, a
child offering a toy to a crying child shows he or she feels the underlying
unhappiness causing the child's crying, and he or she believes a toy will
make the child feel happy.
Among the parenting styles that have been studied by Baumrind, which of
the following is associated with the most negative impact on development?
A. Authoritative
B. Authoritarian
